A method for describing power output of a cluster of wind and solar power stations considering time-varying characteristics. The error function is employed to characterize the degree of difference in power output within periods, and split-level clustering is used to determine the optimal period division under different period division quantities. The economic efficiency theory is introduced to determine the ideal number of periods, avoiding the randomness and unreasonableness that may result from relying on the subjective determination of the number of clusters. This method can reasonably divide the wind and solar power output period, fully reflecting the time-varying law of wind and solar power generation. The results also can accurately reflect the distribution characteristics of the power output of the power station group at each time period, and the power output each time period shows better reliability, concentration, and practicality.

A test and control apparatus, system and method for a wind farm, are provided. The test and control apparatus includes a first communication interface, a second communication interface, and a processor card. The processor card receives, via the first communication interface, a frequency regulation instruction issued by the grid scheduling server, receives operation information of the wind power generation unit via the second communication interface, and calculates, based on the operation information of the wind power generation unit, a first frequency regulation capability of the wind power generation unit performing a frequency regulation without using the first energy storage battery. The processor card sends the frequency regulation instruction to the wind power generation unit without using the first energy storage battery, in a case that the first frequency regulation capability of the wind power generation unit satisfies a requirement of the frequency regulation instruction.

An apparatus for a system power device utilized in an interconnected power system. The interconnected power system may include multiple system power devices connected to various inter connections of groups of direct currents (DC) from power sources which also may be connected in various series, parallel, series parallel and parallel series combinations for example. The apparatus may include a processor connected to a memory and a communication interface operatively attached to the processor. The communication interface may be adapted to connect to a mobile computing system of a user in close proximity to the system power devices. A graphical user interface (GUI) of the mobile computing system may allow various operational and re-configuration options for the interconnected power system which may include installation, maintenance and monitoring schedules in the interconnected power system when the user of the GUI is in close proximity to the system power devices.

An example system includes an aggregator configured to receive a service collaboration request and iteratively determine, based on minimum and maximum power values for DERs under its management, an optimized operation schedule. The aggregator may also be configured to iteratively determine, based on the optimized operation schedule, an estimated flexibility range for devices under its management and output an indication thereof. The system may also include a power management unit (PMU) configured to iteratively receive the indication and determine, based on a network model that includes the estimated flexibility range, a reconfiguration plan and an overall optimized operation schedule for the network. The PMU may also be configured to iteratively cause reconfiguration of the network based on the plan. The PMU and aggregator may also be configured to iteratively, at a fast timescale, cause energy resources under their management to modify operation based on the overall optimized operation schedule.

An optimal dispatching method and system for a wind power generation and energy storage combined system are provided. Uncertainty of a wind turbine output is characterized based on spatio-temporal coupling of the wind turbine output and an interval uncertainty set. Compared with a traditional symmetric interval uncertainty set, the uncertainty set that considers spatio-temporal effects effectively excludes some extreme scenarios with a very small probability of occurrence and reduces conservativeness of a model. A two-stage robust optimal dispatching model for the wind power generation and energy storage combined system is constructed, and a linearization technology and a nested column-and-constraint generation (C&CG) strategy are used to efficiently solve the model.

An optimal dispatching method and system for a wind power generation and energy storage combined system are provided. Uncertainty of a wind turbine output is characterized based on spatio-temporal coupling of the wind turbine output and an interval uncertainty set. Compared with a traditional symmetric interval uncertainty set, the uncertainty set that considers spatio-temporal effects effectively excludes some extreme scenarios with a very small probability of occurrence and reduces conservativeness of a model. A two-stage robust optimal dispatching model for the wind power generation and energy storage combined system is constructed, and a linearization technology and a nested column-and-constraint generation (C&CG) strategy are used to efficiently solve the model.

A method and a system for dispatching an independent energy storage power station is provided. The method includes: determining the current typical secondary frequency regulation scenario according to the predicted AGC frequency regulation instruction for the next stage; dispatching, for the continuous upward adjustment response scenario, the independent energy storage power station to participate in the upward adjustment response according to the data required for the continuous upward adjustment; dispatching, for the continuous downward adjustment response scenario, the independent energy storage power station to participate in the downward adjustment response according to the data required for the continuous downward adjustment; and preferably, for the upward and downward adjustment fluctuation response scenario, dispatching the independent energy storage power station to participate in the upward and downward adjustment fluctuation response according to the data required for the upward and downward adjustment.

Systems and methods for controlling power flow to and from an energy storage system are provided. One implementation relates to an energy storage system comprising an energy storage device, an inverter configured to control a flow of power out of the energy storage device, a rectifier configured to control the flow of power into the energy storage device and one or more controllers. The one or more controllers may be configured to determine a schedule of a plurality of time periods based on historical price data. Each of the plurality of time periods may be associated with one of a state of charging, discharging, or idle. The one or more controllers may be configured to control the inverter and the rectifier based on the determined schedule.

A method for feeding electrical power into an electrical supply network having a network voltage with a network frequency by means of a converter-based generator, in particular by means of a wind power system, is provided. The method includes estimating a converter proportion of a network section of the electrical supply network. The converter proportion denotes a ratio of power fed in by means of converters to total power fed in. The method includes feeding the electrical power into the electrical supply network in a normal mode depending on the estimated converter proportion, activating a first support mode depending on the estimated converter proportion in accordance with a first activation condition, and activating a second support mode depending on the estimated converter proportion in accordance with a second activation condition, which is different than the first activation condition.

An inverter energy system supplies power to a site. The inverter energy system comprises a number of solar strings, each solar string including a solar panel(s) as a renewable energy source and an inverter. The inverter energy system is connected to a mains power supply (grid) and to a site load (sub circuits). The forward or reverse power flow into or out of the mains power supply is monitored at a monitoring point at the site. A rate limit is set for power flow into and/or or out of the mains power supply. The supply of power from the inverter energy system is controlled so that the power flow into or out of the mains power supply is within the set rate limit.