Disclosed is a motor or generator comprises a rotor and a stator, wherein the rotor has an axis of rotation and is configured to generate first magnetic flux parallel to the axis of rotation, the stator is configured to generate second magnetic flux parallel to the axis of rotation, and at least one of the rotor or the stator is configured to generate a magnetic flux profile that is non-uniformly distributed about the axis of rotation. Also disclosed is a method that involves arranging one or more magnetic flux producing windings of a stator non-uniformly about an axis of rotation of a rotor of an axial flux motor or generator.

Disclosed is a motor or generator comprises a rotor and a stator, wherein the rotor has an axis of rotation and is configured to generate first magnetic flux parallel to the axis of rotation, the stator is configured to generate second magnetic flux parallel to the axis of rotation, and at least one of the rotor or the stator is configured to generate a magnetic flux profile that is non-uniformly distributed about the axis of rotation. Also disclosed is a method that involves arranging one or more magnetic flux producing windings of a stator non-uniformly about an axis of rotation of a rotor of an axial flux motor or generator.

Disclosed are an optical path changing unit and a lens assembly comprising same. The optical path changing unit comprises: a base; a prism unit a part of which is connected to the base and the other part of which is arranged to be movable within the base; and first to third optical image stabilizing (OIS) drive units which change the prism unit into a tiltable position.

Disclosed are an optical path changing unit and a lens assembly comprising same. The optical path changing unit comprises: a base; a prism unit a part of which is connected to the base and the other part of which is arranged to be movable within the base; and first to third optical image stabilizing (OIS) drive units which change the prism unit into a tiltable position.

A coil substrate includes a flexible substrate having a first end and a second end on the opposite side with respect to the first end, and coils formed on the flexible substrate in substantially one row between the first end and the second end of the flexible substrate such that each of the coils has a center space and wirings surrounding the center space. The wirings in each of the coils include parallel wirings formed substantially parallel to a row direction extending from the first end toward the second end and perpendicular wirings formed substantially perpendicular to the row direction, and the coils are formed such that a thickness of the perpendicular wirings is greater than a thickness of the parallel wirings.

A coil substrate includes a flexible substrate having a first end and a second end on the opposite side with respect to the first end, and coils formed on the flexible substrate in substantially one row between the first end and the second end of the flexible substrate such that each of the coils has a center space and wirings surrounding the center space. The wirings in each of the coils include parallel wirings formed substantially parallel to a row direction extending from the first end toward the second end and perpendicular wirings formed substantially perpendicular to the row direction, and the coils are formed such that a thickness of the perpendicular wirings is greater than a thickness of the parallel wirings.

An axial field rotary energy device has a PCB stator panel assembly between rotors with an axis of rotation. Each rotor has a magnet. The PCB stator panel assembly includes PCB panels. Each PCB panel can have layers, and each layer can have conductive coils. The PCB stator panel assembly can have a thermally conductive layer that extends from an inner diameter portion to an outer diameter portion thereof. Each PCB panel comprises discrete, PCB radial segments that are mechanically and electrically coupled together to form the respective PCB panels.

An axial field rotary energy device has a PCB stator panel assembly between rotors with an axis of rotation. Each rotor has a magnet. The PCB stator panel assembly includes PCB panels. Each PCB panel can have layers, and each layer can have conductive coils. The PCB stator panel assembly can have a thermally conductive layer that extends from an inner diameter portion to an outer diameter portion thereof. Each PCB panel comprises discrete, PCB radial segments that are mechanically and electrically coupled together to form the respective PCB panels.

A coil substrate includes a flexible substrate having a first end and a second end on the opposite side with respect to the first end, and coils formed on the flexible substrate such that the coils are positioned substantially in a row between the first end and second end of the flexible substrate. The coils are formed such that the number of coils is K and that the coils include the first coil positioned close to the first end and the K-th coil positioned to form a predetermined distance between the K-th coil and the second end, where K is an integer equal to or greater than 2.

A coil substrate includes a flexible substrate having a first end and a second end on the opposite side with respect to the first end, and coils formed on the flexible substrate such that the coils are positioned substantially in a row between the first end and second end of the flexible substrate. The coils are formed such that the number of coils is K and that the coils include the first coil positioned close to the first end and the K-th coil positioned to form a predetermined distance between the K-th coil and the second end, where K is an integer equal to or greater than 2.