There is provided an electric-power conversion system controller in which even when the temperatures of a switching device and a diode included in the driving circuit for a converter become high, the performances of the devices are prevented from being deteriorated and the lifetimes thereof are prevented from being shortened. In the case where even when determining that direct-coupling control is to be performed, a positive-polarity-side device temperature is higher than a determination temperature, the electric-power conversion system controller performs voltage-boosting control in which the positive-polarity-side switching device and the negative-polarity-side switching device are on/off-controlled in an on/off period; in the case where the positive-polarity-side device temperature is the same as or lower than the determination temperature, the electric-power conversion system controller performs direct-coupling control in which the positive-polarity-side switching device is turned on and the negative-polarity-side switching device is turned off.

The present disclosure relates to semiconductors. Some embodiments may include a series circuit arrangement of power semiconductors comprising: cooling-water boxes arranged on the semiconductors and electrically connected to them; two cooling-water distributor lines; respective branchings on the cooling-water distributor lines for the cooling chambers; and a control electrode arranged on the cooling-water distributor lines. The cooling chambers are connected in parallel between the cooling-water distributor lines with respect to a cooling-water stream. The cooling chambers are connected to the branchings via a respective connecting line. For at least some of the cooling chambers, the branchings on the cooling-water distributor lines are arrayed relative to the position of the respective cooling chamber in offset manner in relation to a geometrically shortest possible link to the cooling-water distributor lines, so that a difference of potential between the cooling chambers and the branchings is minimized.

A power supply circuit for supplying a load, which may be a SMA component or a piezoelectric component, may use short high-voltage pulses to achieve fast heating of the load and, in order to comply with functional requirements, the SMA or piezoelectric component should not be supplied by connecting it directly to an electric line at a relatively high voltage. It is also disclosed an actuator comprising a power supply circuit of this disclosure and at least one load, comprising at least one smart materials chosen between a piezoelectric device and a a shape memory alloy (SMA) component, and a method of supplying a load comprising the steps of: connecting the AC to DC voltage converter of the power supply circuit to the AC mains by closing the input switch for charging a tank capacitor of the converter and, at the same time, opening the output switch for disconnecting the load from the tank capacitor: disconnecting the AC to DC voltage converter of the power supply circuit from the AC mains by opening the input switch and, at the same time, closing the output switch to supply the load by discharging the tank capacitor.

A power supply circuit for supplying a load, which may be a SMA component or a piezoelectric component, may use short high-voltage pulses to achieve fast heating of the load and, in order to comply with functional requirements, the SMA or piezoelectric component should not be supplied by connecting it directly to an electric line at a relatively high voltage. It is also disclosed an actuator comprising a power supply circuit of this disclosure and at least one load, comprising at least one smart materials chosen between a piezoelectric device and a a shape memory alloy (SMA) component, and a method of supplying a load comprising the steps of: connecting the AC to DC voltage converter of the power supply circuit to the AC mains by closing the input switch for charging a tank capacitor of the converter and, at the same time, opening the output switch for disconnecting the load from the tank capacitor: disconnecting the AC to DC voltage converter of the power supply circuit from the AC mains by opening the input switch and, at the same time, closing the output switch to supply the load by discharging the tank capacitor.

The present disclosure relates to semiconductors. Some embodiments may include a series circuit arrangement of power semiconductors comprising: cooling-water boxes arranged on the semiconductors and electrically connected to them; two cooling-water distributor lines; respective branchings on the cooling-water distributor lines for the cooling chambers; and a control electrode arranged on the cooling-water distributor lines. The cooling chambers are connected in parallel between the cooling-water distributor lines with respect to a cooling-water stream. The cooling chambers are connected to the branchings via a respective connecting line. For at least some of the cooling chambers, the branchings on the cooling-water distributor lines are arrayed relative to the position of the respective cooling chamber in offset manner in relation to a geometrically shortest possible link to the cooling-water distributor lines, so that a difference of potential between the cooling chambers and the branchings is minimized.

A power supply circuit for supplying a load, which may be a SMA component or a piezoelectric component, may use short high-voltage pulses to achieve fast heating of the load and, in order to comply with functional requirements, the SMA or piezoelectric component should not be supplied by connecting it directly to an electric line at a relatively high voltage. It is also disclosed an actuator comprising a power supply circuit of this disclosure and at least one load, comprising at least one smart materials chosen between a piezoelectric device and a a shape memory alloy (SMA) component, and a method of supplying a load comprising the steps of: connecting the AC to DC voltage converter of the power supply circuit to the AC mains by closing the input switch for charging a tank capacitor of the converter and, at the same time, opening the output switch for disconnecting the load from the tank capacitor: disconnecting the AC to DC voltage converter of the power supply circuit from the AC mains by opening the input switch and, at the same time, closing the output switch to supply the load by discharging the tank capacitor.

A power supply circuit for supplying a load, which may be a SMA component or a piezoelectric component, may use short high-voltage pulses to achieve fast heating of the load and, in order to comply with functional requirements, the SMA or piezoelectric component should not be supplied by connecting it directly to an electric line at a relatively high voltage. It is also disclosed an actuator comprising a power supply circuit of this disclosure and at least one load, comprising at least one smart materials chosen between a piezoelectric device and a a shape memory alloy (SMA) component, and a method of supplying a load comprising the steps of: connecting the AC to DC voltage converter of the power supply circuit to the AC mains by closing the input switch for charging a tank capacitor of the converter and, at the same time, opening the output switch for disconnecting the load from the tank capacitor: disconnecting the AC to DC voltage converter of the power supply circuit from the AC mains by opening the input switch and, at the same time, closing the output switch to supply the load by discharging the tank capacitor.

A circuit and a method operate an electrical machine connected to at least three phases of a power supply network through a frequency converter that has a DC link. By a synchronous inverter that is actuated by a DC chopper and has two bridge halves switching the positive and the negative half-waves respectively, the energy generated by the machine is fed back into the power supply network. Accordingly, the synchronous inverter has an asymmetrical configuration such that, to switch the potential tapped from the DC link by the DC chopper, switching is carried out by a first bridge half that is formed from thyristors as electronic switches, and such that the second bridge half contains reverse-blocking electronic switches able to be switched off.

A circuit and a method operate an electrical machine connected to at least three phases of a power supply network through a frequency converter that has a DC link. By a synchronous inverter that is actuated by a DC chopper and has two bridge halves switching the positive and the negative half-waves respectively, the energy generated by the machine is fed back into the power supply network. Accordingly, the synchronous inverter has an asymmetrical configuration such that, to switch the potential tapped from the DC link by the DC chopper, switching is carried out by a first bridge half that is formed from thyristors as electronic switches, and such that the second bridge half contains reverse-blocking electronic switches able to be switched off.