The disclosure relates to a method for determining an incorrect operating state of an electrical machine with the aid of an electronic circuit having at least one comparator. The electrical machine is controlled with a pulse width modulation signal. The pulse width modulation signal is demodulated. A first signal, which represents the demodulated pulse width modulation signal, is compared with a second signal. The second signal represents a rotational speed or a rotational angle of the electrical machine and/or a current intensity of the electrical machine. This comparison is carried out with the aid of the at least one comparator. An error signal is generated based on the comparison in order to determine the incorrect operating state of the electrical machine.

The invention involves a switched reluctance motor, comprising a stator and a rotor rotatable relative to the stator. The stator comprises several circumferentially arranged coils and stator poles, the stator poles forming the cores of the coils. The rotor comprises several counter poles for interacting with the stator poles for applying a reluctance torque on the rotor. The motor comprises phase inputs for receiving an actuation signal for actuating one or more phase stages. Each stator coil is associated with a phase stage, such that each phase stage comprises at least two coils. Each phase stage comprises a circuit stage including a switching arrangement comprising switches for selectively switching the coils of said phase stage in either one of a parallel, a serial, or a parallel-serial electrical configuration.

Systems and methods to manipulate the noise and vibration of a switched reluctance machine (SRM), capable of being implemented in a controller. By use of vibration sensors and a real-time optimizer, the noise and vibration profile of an SRM and associated load can be modified in order to meet multiple control objectives, such as torque ripple mitigation (TRM), harmonic spectrum shaping, and efficiency improvement. The systems and methods can be adapted to high power, high pole count, and high speed applications, and applications where electrical or mechanical imbalance exists.

Apparatus and methods of operating an electric motor are provided, comprising energising a plurality of stator coils in sequence to rotate a rotor. Each said coil is energised with a repeating pulse sequence comprising at least a first portion and a second portion, the first and second portions repeating alternately to form the repeating pulse sequence. The first portion comprises a first pattern of pulses, each pulse in the first pattern having either a first polarity or second polarity, and at least two consecutive pulses in the first pattern having the same polarity. The second portion comprises a second pattern of pulses, the second pattern of pulses having the same pattern as said first pattern of pulses, but having inverted polarity with respect to said first pattern of pulses.

Apparatus and methods are provided for operating an electric motor, comprising selectively energising the coils of a stator having a plurality of stator teeth, each stator tooth having a said coil mounted thereon. The stator coils of a subset of the stator teeth are energised during a given time period to attract a corresponding rotor tooth into alignment with each of the stator teeth in the subset over the given time period. The stator coil of at least one stator tooth in the subset is energised during a portion of the given time period before the at least one stator tooth overlaps the corresponding rotor tooth.

A short pitched switched reluctance motor control apparatus comprising a voltage provider comprising a first coupling and a second coupling configured to be coupled to a phase winding of the switched reluctance motor for applying a voltage to drive current in the winding between the first and second coupling is disclosed. The apparatus further comprises a controller configured to apply a first voltage pulse to the first coupling, and to apply a second voltage pulse to the second coupling, wherein the start of the second pulse is delayed with respect to the start of the first pulse, and the end of the first pulse is delayed with respect to the end of the second pulse.

A direct current electrical machine, which includes a rotor that generates a rotor magnetic field, a first commutation cell that includes a winding component, a first switching device, and a second switching device. The first winding component includes a first portion electrically coupled between a first terminal and a second terminal of the first winding component and a second portion electrically coupled between a third terminal and the second terminal of the first winding component. The first switching device is electrically coupled to the first terminal and is closed when a first voltage induced across the first portion by rotation of the rotor magnetic field is positive; and the second switching device is electrically coupled to the third terminal and is closed when a second voltage induced across the second portion by the rotation of the rotor magnetic field is negative.

A braking torque closed-loop control system and method for a switch reluctance motor. The closed-loop control system comprises a torque regulator, a mode selector, a current regulator, an angle optimization controller and a torque estimator. On the basis of the rotating speed of the motor, the mode selector implements a phase current soft chopper control in a low rotating speed region and an angle position control in a high rotating speed region. The current regulator performs soft chopper hysteretic current regulation. The angle optimization controller optimizes a turn-on angle and a turn-off angle of a power converter master switch to reduce torque pulsation and improve braking energy feedback efficiency. The torque estimator conducts an on-line estimation of an actual braking torque estimated value of the motor based on an actual phase voltage and current of the motor to achieve braking torque signal feedback.

A circuit element includes an upper switching device, a lower switching device, an upper diode device, and a lower diode device. An upper drain is connected to a first terminal connected to a positive electrode of a power supply, and an upper source is connected to a third terminal. A lower drain is connected to a fourth terminal, and a lower source is connected to a second terminal connected to a negative electrode of the power supply. An upper anode is connected to the fourth terminal, and an upper cathode is connected to the first terminal. A lower anode is connected to the second terminal, and a lower cathode is connected to the third terminal. The third terminal and the fourth terminal are arranged so as to be able to be short-circuited outside of a package.

A fault-tolerant control method for a position sensor of a switched reluctance motor, if the position sensor of the switched reluctance motor runs without a fault, detecting, in real time, four equal-interval or equal-angle continuous edge pulses of an output signal of the position sensor, the fourth edge pulse being the current edge pulse, and detecting time intervals (T1, T2, T3) between each two adjacent edge pulses sequentially, thereby calculating a time interval (T4) between the current edge pulse and a next edge pulse following the current edge pulse. If the position sensor of the switched reluctance motor fails, and the next edge pulse following the current edge pulse is lost, reconstructing the next edge pulse after the interval time (T4) of the current edge pulse of the output signal of the position sensor. The method can be used, when one or more position sensors of a rotatory and linear switched reluctance motor having various phases and various topology structures fail, to reconstruct an edge pulse after lost.