A solar cell module and a method for operating a solar cell module. The solar cell module includes a plurality of strings which are each formed from a plurality of solar cells connected to one another in a series circuit, wherein each string is connected to a bypass circuit assigned thereto. The solar cell module is also characterized in that the bypass circuit has a switching element and is configured to reduce an electrical current inside the string by switching the switching element when a return current occurs within the associated string.

A junction box mountable on a roof surface, comprising a housing unit and an enclosing unit, the housing unit and enclosing unit combining to form a waterproof assembly. The housing unit is mountable to a roof surface via a flashing having a continuous, raised waterproofing track that mates with a waterproofing recess in a bottom surface of the housing unit to create a waterproofing zone inside the housing unit. At least one bottom pass through is located within the waterproofing zone and provides a channel from the internal housing area through the roof surface.

A junction box mountable on a roof surface, comprising a housing unit and an enclosing unit, the housing unit and enclosing unit combining to form a waterproof assembly. The housing unit is mountable to a roof surface via a flashing having a continuous, raised waterproofing track that mates with a waterproofing recess in a bottom surface of the housing unit to create a waterproofing zone inside the housing unit. At least one bottom pass through is located within the waterproofing zone and provides a channel from the internal housing area through the roof surface.

The disclosure relates to a roof covering element, a solar roof covering element, to an assembly of solar roof covering elements, and to a method for producing a solar roof covering element. A roof covering element and a solar roof covering element are to be provided for a solar roof system, which can be produced by means of a cost-effective mass production process and which enable a simple and cost-effective roof mounting. The disclosure is characterized by a roof covering element with a flat main part, the upper face of which has a receiving surface for a solar module and which has an opening or a bore running perpendicularly to the main surface, at least two electrical lines being guided together through said opening or bore, wherein the lines end on the upper face of the main part in the region of the receiving surface as contact means, said contact means being held or guided in an axially movable manner in a common flat connection socket, the electrical lines being guided in a common plug-in socket from the lower face through the opening or the bore and wherein the plug-in socket on the lower face of the main part is held in the axial plug-in direction in an interlocking manner by a plug-in flange and on the upper face of the main part is held against its axial plug-in direction in an interlocking and/or force-fitting manner by a locking means and forms the connection socket on the upper face of the main part.

The disclosure relates to a roof covering element, a solar roof covering element, to an assembly of solar roof covering elements, and to a method for producing a solar roof covering element. A roof covering element and a solar roof covering element are to be provided for a solar roof system, which can be produced by means of a cost-effective mass production process and which enable a simple and cost-effective roof mounting. The disclosure is characterized by a roof covering element with a flat main part, the upper face of which has a receiving surface for a solar module and which has an opening or a bore running perpendicularly to the main surface, at least two electrical lines being guided together through said opening or bore, wherein the lines end on the upper face of the main part in the region of the receiving surface as contact means, said contact means being held or guided in an axially movable manner in a common flat connection socket, the electrical lines being guided in a common plug-in socket from the lower face through the opening or the bore and wherein the plug-in socket on the lower face of the main part is held in the axial plug-in direction in an interlocking manner by a plug-in flange and on the upper face of the main part is held against its axial plug-in direction in an interlocking and/or force-fitting manner by a locking means and forms the connection socket on the upper face of the main part.

A method includes providing a mandrel having an electrical conduit electroformed in the mandrel. The second side of the electrical conduit is blackened while in the mandrel to create a black layer on the electrical conduit. The mandrel is aligned in a flatness fixture such that the mandrel is substantially flat. The mandrel remains flat and in a fixed relationship to the flatness fixture throughout the method. A beam of a laser is controlled toward the black layer. The beam has laser parameters including a power output, a frequency and a mark speed, and selected by setting the power output and the mark speed then determining the frequency. The beam removes a plurality of the portions of the black layer. Each removed portion of the plurality of the portions has a thickness equal to the black layer thickness, and a portion area of 9 mm.sup.2 to 18 mm.sup.2.

A method includes providing a mandrel having an electrical conduit electroformed in the mandrel. The second side of the electrical conduit is blackened while in the mandrel to create a black layer on the electrical conduit. The mandrel is aligned in a flatness fixture such that the mandrel is substantially flat. The mandrel remains flat and in a fixed relationship to the flatness fixture throughout the method. A beam of a laser is controlled toward the black layer. The beam has laser parameters including a power output, a frequency and a mark speed, and selected by setting the power output and the mark speed then determining the frequency. The beam removes a plurality of the portions of the black layer. Each removed portion of the plurality of the portions has a thickness equal to the black layer thickness, and a portion area of 9 mm.sup.2 to 18 mm.sup.2.

A system includes a plurality of photovoltaic modules installed on a roof deck in an array and at least one jumper module electrically connecting a first subarray to a second subarray of the array. The jumper module includes at least one electrical bussing and an encapsulant encapsulating the at least one electrical bussing. The jumper module includes a frontsheet juxtaposed with the encapsulant. The frontsheet includes a first layer and a polymer layer attached to the first layer.

A system includes a plurality of photovoltaic modules installed on a roof deck in an array and at least one jumper module electrically connecting a first subarray to a second subarray of the array. The jumper module includes at least one electrical bussing and an encapsulant encapsulating the at least one electrical bussing. The jumper module includes a frontsheet juxtaposed with the encapsulant. The frontsheet includes a first layer and a polymer layer attached to the first layer.

The solar tent comprises a canopy tent with integrated solar panels into the roof of a medical tent design. This technology allows the tent to capture solar energy, and convert it into electrical energy which can then be used to power lights, medical devices, and other equipment. This technology is foldable and collapsible to allow the tent to be both deployed and stored rapidly. The solar tent helps medical professionals overcome the challenges of lack of sufficient electricity while operating from a canopy tent, in the face of COVID-19.