A sigma-delta ADC is described including a passive filter with an input coupled to the ADC input and a filter output. A gain stage has an input connected to the filter output. A quantiser has an input connected to the gain stage output and a quantiser output. The passive filter includes a first filter resistor between the filter input and the filter output and a filter capacitor having first terminal coupled to the filter output. A feedback resistor is coupled between the quantiser output and the filter output and receives a negative of the value of the output to provide negative feedback to the filter output. The gain stage has a capacitor and resistor in series, and a gain element connected to the gain stage input and an output connected to the gain stage output. One terminal of the gain stage capacitor is connected to the gain element output.

Disclosed herein are transconductance circuits, as well as related methods and devices. In some embodiments, a transconductance circuit may include an amplifier having a first input coupled to a voltage input of the transconductance circuit, and a switch coupled between an output of the amplifier and a second input of the amplifier.

Disclosed herein are transconductance circuits, as well as related methods and devices. In some embodiments, a transconductance circuit may include an amplifier having a first input coupled to a voltage input of the transconductance circuit, and a switch coupled between an output of the amplifier and a second input of the amplifier.

An active feedback low-noise amplifier includes a feedback transistor whose source couples through a feedback path to an input signal node. A bias transistor biases the source of the feedback transistor with a bias current responsive to an input signal carried on the input signal node.

An active feedback low-noise amplifier includes a feedback transistor whose source couples through a feedback path to an input signal node. A bias transistor biases the source of the feedback transistor with a bias current responsive to an input signal carried on the input signal node.

An electronic device may include wireless circuitry with a baseband processor, a transceiver circuit, a front-end module, and an antenna. The front-end module may include amplifier circuitry such as a low noise amplifier for amplifying received radio-frequency signals. The amplifier circuitry is operable in a non-carrier-aggregation mode and a carrier aggregation mode. The amplifier circuitry may include an input transformer that is coupled to multiple amplifier stages such as a common gate amplifier stage, a cascode amplifier stage, and a common source amplifier stage. The common gate amplifier stage may include switches for selectively activating a set of cross-coupled capacitors to help maintain input impedance matching in the non-carrier-aggregation mode and the carrier-aggregation mode. The common source amplifier stage may include additional switches for activating and deactivating the common source amplifier stage to help maintain the gain in the non-carrier-aggregation mode and the carrier-aggregation mode.

In a preamplifier (amplifier) for the radiation detector, an interconnection layer connected to the bonding pad forms one electrode of a feedback capacitor. Since there is no wiring for connecting the bonding pad and capacitor, a parasitic capacitance caused by the wiring will not be generated. Moreover, the capacitor is arranged below the bonding pad with a conductive layer serving as the other electrode, so that the feedback capacitance of the capacitor is included in the parasitic capacitance between the interconnection layer and the substrate. Compared to the conventional case, an amount of capacitance corresponding to the parasitic capacitance caused by wiring and the feedback capacitance for the capacitor is reduced from the input capacitance. Thus, the input capacitance for the amplifying circuit is reduced.

In a preamplifier (amplifier) for the radiation detector, an interconnection layer connected to the bonding pad forms one electrode of a feedback capacitor. Since there is no wiring for connecting the bonding pad and capacitor, a parasitic capacitance caused by the wiring will not be generated. Moreover, the capacitor is arranged below the bonding pad with a conductive layer serving as the other electrode, so that the feedback capacitance of the capacitor is included in the parasitic capacitance between the interconnection layer and the substrate. Compared to the conventional case, an amount of capacitance corresponding to the parasitic capacitance caused by wiring and the feedback capacitance for the capacitor is reduced from the input capacitance. Thus, the input capacitance for the amplifying circuit is reduced.

Example multi-band phased array are described. One example multi-band phased array includes a plurality of branches coupled to a plurality of multi-band antennas. Each of the plurality of branches includes a low noise amplifier and a power amplifier. The power amplifier and the low noise amplifier are configured to transmit and receive, in a time-sharing manner, a signal of a first frequency band and a signal of a second frequency band that are received by the multi-band phased array, and the first frequency band and the second frequency band are different and do not overlap. Each of the plurality of branches further includes a phase shifter, where the phase shifter is configured to perform phase shifting on the signal of the first frequency band, and the phase shifter is further configured to perform phase shifting on the signal of the second frequency band.

Example multi-band phased array are described. One example multi-band phased array includes a plurality of branches coupled to a plurality of multi-band antennas. Each of the plurality of branches includes a low noise amplifier and a power amplifier. The power amplifier and the low noise amplifier are configured to transmit and receive, in a time-sharing manner, a signal of a first frequency band and a signal of a second frequency band that are received by the multi-band phased array, and the first frequency band and the second frequency band are different and do not overlap. Each of the plurality of branches further includes a phase shifter, where the phase shifter is configured to perform phase shifting on the signal of the first frequency band, and the phase shifter is further configured to perform phase shifting on the signal of the second frequency band.