A phase shifter for altering the phase of a radio frequency signal is disclosed herein. A Lange coupler is used having reflective ports that are coupled to artificial transmission lines. The artificial transmission lines provide a reflection transmission path, the length of which can be determined by digital control lines. Transistors placed along the length of the central trace provide independent paths to ground that serve to shorten the electrical length of the ATL. Accordingly, by selectively turning the transistors on/off, the electrical length of the ATL can be selected and thus the amount of phase delay introduced by the phase shifter.

Continuous-time digital systems implemented with separate timing paths and data paths are disclosed. The disclosed continuous-time digital systems, can implement an event-grouping and detection method that can be used feedback systems with propagation delays. By implementing event-detection into a feedback loop of a continuous-time digital system, the system can automatically stop when there is no event in the system. When new events are detected the system can commence operation.

An adjustable signal equalization device includes an equalizer circuitry, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), a calculation circuitry, and a comparator circuitry. The equalizer circuitry has a transfer function, and processes an input signal based on the transfer function to generate an output signal. The ADC generates a digital signal according to the output signal. The calculation circuitry performs an accumulation according to the first digital signal to generate a first accumulated value and a second accumulated value, and generates a first detection signal and a second detection signal according to the first accumulated value and the second accumulated value. The comparator circuitry compares the first detection signal with the second detection signal to output a control signal to the equalizer circuit if the first detection signal is different from the second detection signal, in order to adjust the transfer function.

A delay line is constructed by combining a phase generator and a fabric. The phase generator splits a digital input signal in multiple incrementally delayed versions, which are input to the fabric. The fabric has an array of node filters. Inputs of filters in the first array column are inputs of the fabric. A node filter has a delay element and a cross-coupling element, whose output signals are added or subtracted to form a filter output signal. A node filter in a row is concatenated to the previous filter in the row through its delay element. Inputs of cross-coupling elements are connected to other array rows. Outputs of node filters form the outputs of the fabric. Delay times of delay elements and cross-coupling elements are nominally equal. Drive strengths of cross-coupling elements may be lower than drive strengths of delay elements.

The present application relates to an adaptive filter using resource sharing and a method of operating the adaptive filter. The filter comprises at least one computational block, a monitoring block and an offset calculation block. The computational block is configured for adjusting a filter coefficient, c.sub.i(n), in an iterative procedure according to an adaptive convergence algorithm. The monitoring block is configured for monitoring the development of the determined filter coefficient, c.sub.i(n), during the performing of the iterative procedure. The offset calculation block is configured for determining an offset, Off.sub.i, based on a monitored change of the filter coefficient, c.sub.i(n), each first time period, T.sub.1, and for outputting the determined offset, Off.sub.i, to the computational block if the determined filter coefficient, c.sub.i(n), has not reached the steady state. The computational block is configured to accept the determined offset, Off.sub.i, and to inject the determined offset, Off.sub.i, into the iterative procedure.

A data stream processing device including a first tapped delay line which outputs data values received via a first data input on N first taps, wherein N is two or more; a second tapped data delay line which outputs data values received via a second data input on N second taps; a first processing unit including N first delayed data inputs and which generates a first data output based on the N first delayed data inputs; a second processing unit including N second delayed data inputs and which generates a second data output based on the N second delayed data inputs; and control circuitry including a mode selection input, and which is coupled to in response to the mode selection input receiving a signal indicating a first mode, simultaneously couple each of the first taps to a respective one of the first delayed data inputs and couple each of the second taps to a respective one of the second delayed data inputs, and in response to the mode select input not receiving a signal indicating the first mode, simultaneously couple one of the first taps to one of the second delayed data inputs and couple one of the second taps to one of the first data inputs.

A phase control signal generation device generating a phase control signal for each of frequency bands for an audio signal converted into a frequency domain, the phase control signal generation device comprising: a setting change means that is able to change setting of a propagation delay time for each of predetermined frequency bands; a difference obtaining means that obtains a difference between propagation delay times before and after setting change; an updating means that updates a phase control amount of the frequency band for which the propagation delay time is changed, based on the obtained difference; and a phase control signal generating means that generates a phase control signal of each frequency band by performing a smoothing process for the phase control amount in a frequency domain using the updated phase control amount.

A multi-gas detection apparatus includes a concentration output computation section, a concentration computation section and a weighted average computation section. The concentration computation section computes the concentration of ammonia and the concentration of NO.sub.2 on the basis of a first pumping current and first and second ammonia electromotive forces. The concentration output computation section and the concentration computation section computes the concentration of NOx on the basis of the computed ammonia concentration, the computed NO.sub.2 concentration, and second pumping current. The weighted average computation section decreases the response speed of the first pumping current, which changes in accordance with the oxygen concentration, by digital filter processing. The weighted average computation sections decrease the response speeds of the first and second ammonia electromotive forces, which change in accordance with the ammonia concentration and the NO.sub.2 concentration, by digital filter processing.

Continuous-time digital systems implemented with separate timing paths and data paths are disclosed. The disclosed continuous-time digital systems, can implement an event-grouping and detection method that can be used feedback systems with propagation delays. By implementing event-detection into a feedback loop of a continuous-time digital system, the system can automatically stop when there is no event in the system. When new events are detected the system can commence operation.

A phase shifter for altering the phase of a radio frequency signal is disclosed herein. A Lange coupler is used having reflective ports that are coupled to artificial transmission lines. The artificial transmission lines provide a reflection transmission path, the length of which can be determined by digital control lines. Transistors placed along the length of the central trace provide independent paths to ground that serve to shorten the electrical length of the ATL. Accordingly, by selectively turning the transistors on/off, the electrical length of the ATL can be selected and thus the amount of phase delay introduced by the phase shifter.