A microcontroller based multifunctional electronic switch using a detection circuit design to convert external control signal into message carrying sensing signal readable to the microcontroller. Based on a time length of sensing signal and a format of the sensing signal received in a preset instant period of time the microcontroller through the operation of its software program codes is able to recognize working modes chosen by the external control signal generated by user, and thereby selecting appropriate loops of subroutine for execution. The system and method of the present invention may simultaneously be applicable to detection circuit design using infrared ray sensor, electrostatic induction sensor, conduction based touch sensor or push button sensor for performing multifunctions such as controlling on/off switch performance, diming or speed control and delay timer management within the capacity of a single lighting load or an electrical appliance.

A compact solid state relay (7) is provided. Solid state devices (74, 75), such as Triacs or Thyristors are used to implement the relay functionality. The device is at least partially enclosed in a housing that has pins for mounting on an electronics board. A number of “U” shaped jumpers (72) or other jumpers or wires are provided in the housing to act as heat sinks. A sub-miniature fan (70) is positioned to create an air flow over the heat sinks and dissipate heat from the device.

A theory and a technical foundation for building a technical framework of a color temperature tuning technology are disclosed, composing a power allocation algorithm and a power allocation circuitry, wherein the power allocation algorithm is a software for designing a process of dividing and sharing a total electric power between at least a first LED load emitting light with a first color temperature CT1 and a second LED load emitting light with a second color temperature CT2 to generate at least one paired combination of a first electric power X allocated to the first LED load and a second electric power Y allocated to the second LED load to create at least one mingled light color temperature CTapp thru a light diffuser according to color temperature tuning formulas CTapp=CT1.Math.X/(X+Y)+CT2.Math.Y/(X+Y) and X+Y=constant; and the power allocation circuitry is a hardware designed for implementing the process.

According to an aspect, a power supply system includes a plurality of power converters configured to deliver a system load current to a load, where the system load current is a combination of individual load currents provided by the plurality of power converters, and a system performance controller configured to detect a value of the system load current. The system performance controller is configured to determine, using power loss information, values for the individual load currents such that a composite efficiency achieves a threshold condition. The system performance controller is configured to generate control signals to operate the plurality of power converters at the determined values.

According to an aspect, a power supply system includes a plurality of power converters configured to deliver a system load current to a load, where the system load current is a combination of individual load currents provided by the plurality of power converters, and a system performance controller configured to detect a value of the system load current. The system performance controller is configured to determine, using power loss information, values for the individual load currents such that a composite efficiency achieves a threshold condition. The system performance controller is configured to generate control signals to operate the plurality of power converters at the determined values.

The present description concerns a method of controlling a bidirectional switch (200), including: first (210 1) and (210 2) field-effect transistors electrically in series between first (262 1) and second (262 2) terminals of the bidirectional switch; third (614) and fourth (612) field-effect transistors electrically in series between said first and second terminals of the bidirectional switch, a first connection node (252) in series with the first and second transistors being common with a second connection node (616) in series with the third and fourth transistors, including steps of: receiving a voltage (V200) between the terminals of the bidirectional switch; detecting, from the received voltage, a first sign of said voltage; at least while the first sign is being detected, coupling the first terminal to said first node (252), potentials of control terminals of the first, second, third, and fourth transistors being referenced to the potential (REF) of the first and second nodes having common sources of the first, second, third, and fourth transistors connected thereto.

The present disclosure provides a DC mechanical circuit breaker that can utilize two switches, one of which can generate zero-crossing with an alternate oscillatory circuit for the other one, which can be a conventional zero-crossing-based AC breaker and can be used in the main circuit. This is different from the conventional single-switch commute-and-absorb method currently used. The present disclosure shows that disclosed circuit breaker improves the fault current extinction and significantly reduces the voltage rate-of-change while creating the current zero-crossing faster compared to the available technology. Thus, disclosed circuit breaker is capable of interrupting high DC currents with minimal arc through a less expensive AC circuit breaker. Simulation and hardware results are provided to show the efficiency of the disclosed circuit breaker.

The present disclosure provides a DC mechanical circuit breaker that can utilize two switches, one of which can generate zero-crossing with an alternate oscillatory circuit for the other one, which can be a conventional zero-crossing-based AC breaker and can be used in the main circuit. This is different from the conventional single-switch commute-and-absorb method currently used. The present disclosure shows that disclosed circuit breaker improves the fault current extinction and significantly reduces the voltage rate-of-change while creating the current zero-crossing faster compared to the available technology. Thus, disclosed circuit breaker is capable of interrupting high DC currents with minimal arc through a less expensive AC circuit breaker. Simulation and hardware results are provided to show the efficiency of the disclosed circuit breaker.

A fully isolated drive circuit to be used for regulating an output voltage across a load. The isolated drive circuit may charge, discharge, or preserve the load charge using a controller that controls one or more switches. The controller may operate a switch according to an internal/external clock or an external control signal received by the controller. The isolated drive circuit may be an effective solution to simplify the drive design and decrease the amount of energy dissipated by the drive, especially when the load, associated with the drive, requires a high input voltage level.

During a first mode of operation, a zero current detect (ZCD) signal is asserted in response to detecting a zero current condition at a switch node of a power converter. The power converter enters a light load mode of operation when the ZCD signal is asserted between a beginning point and a trigger point of a period of a PWM signal. A compensator voltage is generated based on a feedback voltage indicative of an output voltage. The compensator voltage is compared to a threshold voltage that represents a limit for the compensator voltage during the light load mode of operation determined over a range of the output voltage. The power converter exits the light load mode back to the first mode of operation in response to the compensator voltage being beyond the threshold voltage.