A signal processing device includes: a memory; and a processor coupled to the memory and configured to: perform soft decision of a value of, among bit strings, a predetermined bit string encoded with a soft decision code from a symbol assigned to, according to each value of the bit strings, the bit strings having been subject to encoding of an outer code with a turbo product code and encoding of an inner code with the soft decision code; decode the predetermined bit string with the soft decision code on a basis of a result of the soft decision; individually perform, from the symbol, the soft decision of a value of each bit string other than the predetermined bit string among the bit strings; and decode the bit strings with the turbo product code on a basis of a result of the decoding and a result of the soft decision.

A method, of decoding error correction code of a memory device with dynamic bit error estimation, can include generating at least one metric corresponding to one or more syndromes associated with a code word, the code word comprising an error correction code of a memory device, decoding the code word by a first decoder integrated with the memory device, in response to a determination that the metric satisfies a threshold associated with the syndromes, the first decoder having a first execution property, and decoding the code word by a second decoder integrated with the memory device, in response to a determination that the metric does not satisfy the threshold associated with the syndromes, the second decoder having a second execution property distinct from the first execution property, or in response to a determination that the metric satisfies the threshold associated with the syndromes, and in response to a determination to perform further decoding.

A method and a decoder for receiving a message encoded in Turbo Codes and modulated for transmission as an analog signal includes: (a) demodulating the analog signal to recover the Turbo Codes; and (b) decoding the Turbo Codes to recover the message using an iterative Turbo Code decoder, wherein the decoding includes performing an error detection after a predetermined number of iterations of the Turbo Code decoder to determine whether or not an error has occurred during the transmission. The predetermined number of iterations may be, for example, two. Depending on the result of the error detection, the decoding may stop, a request for retransmission of the message may be sent, or further iterations of decoding in the Turbo Code decoder may be carried out.

A method for decoding data by an electronic device (100) is provided. The method includes receiving, by the electronic device (100), encoded data. The method includes determining, by the electronic device (100), a sparsity of a plurality of Machine Learning (ML) models (301, 302) of a turbo decoder (150) of the electronic device (100) for decoding the encoded data based on Quality-of-Service (QoS) parameters. The method includes decoding, by the electronic device (100), the encoded data using the turbo decoder (150) based on the determined sparsity.

System and methods are disclosed that comprise receiving at least one signal via a receiver. The at least one signal is extracted for data via a processor coupled to the receiver, wherein the data includes at least one message and a set of parameters related to the message. A signal output is generated using the at least one message and the set of parameters such that the signal output includes a first portion and a second portion. At least one error is identified in the signal output and corrected using the first portion and the second portion. An output is generated that is used to perform at least one task related to the at least one signal.

A signal processing device includes: a memory; and a processor coupled to the memory and configured to: perform soft decision of a value of, among bit strings, a predetermined bit string encoded with a soft decision code from a symbol assigned to, according to each value of the bit strings, the bit strings having been subject to encoding of an outer code with a turbo product code and encoding of an inner code with the soft decision code; decode the predetermined bit string with the soft decision code on a basis of a result of the soft decision; individually perform, from the symbol, the soft decision of a value of each bit string other than the predetermined bit string among the bit strings; and decode the bit strings with the turbo product code on a basis of a result of the decoding and a result of the soft decision.

A method for generating a signal, including turbo-coding a set of information symbols delivering, on the one hand, the information symbols and, on the other hand, redundancy symbols. The turbo-coding implementing, to obtain the redundancy symbols: an encoding of the set of information symbols by a first encoder, an interleaving of the set of information symbols, and an encoding of the set of information symbols interleaved by a second encoder. The turbo-coding also implements a bijective transformation of the information symbols, implemented before and/or after the interleaving, the transformation modifying a value of at least two of the information symbols prior to the coding of the information symbols by the first and/or the second coder.

A data storage device includes a nonvolatile memory device including a target memory region; and a controller suitable for performing a read operation by reading a data chunk from the target memory region based on a read bias and performing an error correction operation for the data chunk, iterating the read operation according to a result of the error correction operation, and adjusting the read bias based on at least one read bias used in one or more previous read operations and at least one correction failure index corresponding to the at least one read bias.

It is disclosed an optical coherent receiver comprising a number of decoding blocks configured to implement iterations of a FEC iterative message-passing decoding algorithm. The decoding blocks are distributed into two (or more) parallel chains of cascaded decoding blocks. The receiver also comprises an intermediate circuit interposed between the two parallel chains. The optical coherent receiver is switchable between (i) a first operating mode, in which the intermediate circuit is inactive and the two parallel chains separately implement the FEC message-passing decoding algorithm on respective client channels; and (ii) a second operating mode, in which the intermediate circuit is active and the two parallel chains jointly implement the FEC message-passing decoding algorithm on a same client channel, by cooperating through the intermediate circuit.

A decoding method and device for Turbo product codes, a decoding device, a decoder and a computer storage medium are provided. The method includes: a received codeword of a Turbo product code is acquired, and iterative decoding is performed on the received codeword for a set first iterative decoding times (S101); a decoding result of iterative decoding performed for the first iteration times is judged according to a first decoding rule to obtain a decoding identifier representing the decoding result (S102); and error correction processing is performed on the Turbo product code on which iterative decoding is performed for the first iteration times according to the decoding identifier (S103).