An apparatus is provided for using a square wave digital chirp signal for optical chirp range detection. A laser source emits an optical signal and a RF waveform generator generates an input digital chirp signal based on the square wave digital chirp signal. A frequency of the optical signal is modulated based on the input digital chirp signal. A splitter divides the optical signal into a transmit optical signal and a reference optical signal. A detector combines the reference optical signal and a return optical signal from an object. The detector generates an electrical output signal based on the combined reference optical signal and the return optical signal. A processor determines a range to the object based on a characteristic of a Fourier transform the electrical output signal. A method is also provided for using the square wave digital chirp signal for optical chirp range detection.

Provided is a first bias power source that generates a first data bias voltage to be applied to an optical modulation unit for the I component, a second bias power source that generates a second data bias voltage to be applied to an optical modulation unit for the Q component, and a third bias power source that generates a quadrature bias voltage to be applied to an optical phase shifter, a data bias voltage adjustment unit that applies a feedback control to each of the first bias power source and the second bias power source, and a quadrature bias voltage adjustment unit that determines whether or not the quadrature bias voltage is optimal on a basis of a second optical QAM signal generated by an IQ optical modulator, and applies a feedback control to the third bias power source, in which a first optical QAM signal and the second optical QAM signal are generated by the IQ optical modulator but the optical phase difference between an optical electric field EI and an optical electric field EQ differs by π.

In a system for converting digital data into a modulated optical signal, an electrically controllable device, including a modulator having one or more actuating electrodes, provides an analog-modulated optical signal that is modulated in response to output data bits of a digital-to-digital mapping. A digital-to-digital conversion provides the mapping of input data words to the output data bits. The mapping enables adjustments to correct for non-linearities and other undesirable characteristics, thereby improving signal quality.

In a system for converting digital data into a modulated optical signal, an electrically controllable device, including a modulator having one or more actuating electrodes, provides an analog-modulated optical signal that is modulated in response to output data bits of a digital-to-digital mapping. A digital-to-digital conversion provides the mapping of input data words to the output data bits. The mapping enables adjustments to correct for non-linearities and other undesirable characteristics, thereby improving signal quality.

A Field Programmable Gate Array (“FPGA”) transmitter reliability directly drives an optical modulator. Each time the FPGA is powered up, the transmitters are aligned using optical feedback for coarse and fine alignments. The fine alignment may be executed using a built-in transmitter phase interpolator Parts-Per-Million (“PPM”) controller.

A Field Programmable Gate Array (“FPGA”) transmitter reliability directly drives an optical modulator. Each time the FPGA is powered up, the transmitters are aligned using optical feedback for coarse and fine alignments. The fine alignment may be executed using a built-in transmitter phase interpolator Parts-Per-Million (“PPM”) controller.

Systems and methods for increasing throughput of a photonic processor by using photonic degrees of freedom (DOF) are provided. The photonic processor includes a multiplexer configured to multiplex, using at least one photonic DOF, multiple encoded optical signals into a multiplexed optical signal. The photonic processor also includes a detector coupled to an output of an optical path including the multiplexer, the detector being configured to generate a first current based on the multiplexed optical signal or a demultiplexed portion of the multiplexed optical signal. The photonic processor further includes a modulator coupled to and output of the detector, the modulator being configured to generate a second current by modulating the first current.

An optical IQ modulator includes: Y branching elements, which are cascade-connected, each of which has one input and two outputs; QPSK modulators configured to perform QPSK modulation on continuous light branched by the Y branching elements to generate signal light; and Y combining elements, which are cascade-connected, each of which has two inputs and one output.

An optical IQ modulator includes: Y branching elements, which are cascade-connected, each of which has one input and two outputs; QPSK modulators configured to perform QPSK modulation on continuous light branched by the Y branching elements to generate signal light; and Y combining elements, which are cascade-connected, each of which has two inputs and one output.

An optical beamforming device includes an RF front-end transmitting or receiving RF signals and an optical beamformer forming or compensating for a time delay for each of the plurality of channels based on the RF signals. The optical beamformer includes E/O converters converting the RF signals into optical signals, respectively, a linear modulator generating an optical modulation signal based on an RF input signal, a TTD array outputting an optical combined signal obtained by compensating for a time delay degree of the input optical signals or outputting output optical signals, in each of which a time delay is formed for each channel, by distributing the optical modulation signal, a photo detector generating an RF output signal to an RF back-end based on the optical combined signal, and O/E converters converting the output optical signals into RF signals, respectively.