In an embodiment an ultra-wideband indoor real-time location system for determining positions of mobile tag devices within a localizing area includes a plurality of UWB signal transmitters located at preset positions and defining the localizing area, wherein the UWB signal transmitters are configured to operate with synchronized clocks and transmit UWB signals based on a UWB frame format, and wherein the UWB frame format includes unique information content for the UWB signal transmitter and at least one mobile tag device comprising a signal reception unit configured to receive the UWB signals, a time detection unit configured to derive respective arrival time points for the received UWB signals, an identification unit configured to derive the unique information content from the received UWB signals and a control unit configured to process the unique information content and the arrival time points for at least a subset of the UWB signal transmitters in a localizing algorithm to derive a position of the mobile tag device with respect to the subset of the UWB signal transmitters.

An information transmission method and apparatus are provided. The method includes: determining a time domain density of a phase tracking reference signal (PTRS); determining a frequency domain density of the PTRS based on an available bandwidth, a scheduled resource block (RB) or an available RB; mapping the PTRS to one or more orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols based on the time domain density and the frequency domain density; and sending a signal that includes the OFDM symbol to which the PTRS is mapped. According to this application, a quantity of PTRSs can be prevented from jumping when a value of scheduled bandwidth is close to a threshold, both accuracy of common phase error estimation and spectral efficiency are taken into consideration, and the PTRSs can be uniformly mapped in the scheduled or available bandwidth, thereby properly configuring the PTRSs.

In an embodiment a real-time location method includes sending, by a master beacon device and one or more beacon repeater devices, ultra-wideband beacon frames, wherein the ultra-wideband beacon frames are transmitted as interleaved pairs of ultra-wideband beacon frames, wherein each interleaved pair is sent either from the master beacon device or the one or more beacon repeater devices, wherein each interleaved pair includes a first ultra-wideband beacon frame and a second ultra-wideband beacon frame, and wherein, for each interleaved pair, the first ultra-wideband beacon frame and the second ultra-wideband beacon frame are transmitted with a master time delay, receiving, by one or more tag devices, at least one of the interleaved pairs of ultra-wideband beacon frames, receiving, by the one or more beacon repeater devices, at least one of the interleaved pairs of ultra-wideband beacon frames, receiving, by one of a plurality of tag response receptor units, at least one of the interleaved pairs of ultra-wideband beacon frames, sending, by the one or more tag devices, ultra-wideband tag response frames and receiving, by the one of the plurality of tag response receptor units, at least one of the ultra-wideband tag response frames.

A method includes sending, by a master beacon device and one or more beacon repeater devices, ultra-wideband (UWB) beacon frames. The UWB beacon frames are transmitted as interleaved pairs of UWB beacon frames. Each interleaved pair includes a first UWB beacon frame and a second UWB beacon frame. For each interleaved pair, the first UWB beacon frame and the second UWB beacon frame are transmitted with a master time delay. The method further includes receiving, by one or more tag devices, at least one of the interleaved pairs of UWB beacon frames.

In an embodiment a real-time location method includes sending, by a master beacon device and one or more beacon repeater devices, ultra-wideband beacon frames, wherein the ultra-wideband beacon frames are transmitted as interleaved pairs of ultra-wideband beacon frames, wherein each interleaved pair is sent either from the master beacon device or the one or more beacon repeater devices, wherein each interleaved pair includes a first ultra-wideband beacon frame and a second ultra-wideband beacon frame, and wherein, for each interleaved pair, the first ultra-wideband beacon frame and the second ultra-wideband beacon frame are transmitted with a master time delay, receiving, by one or more tag devices, at least one of the interleaved pairs of ultra-wideband beacon frames, receiving, by the one or more beacon repeater devices, at least one of the interleaved pairs of ultra-wideband beacon frames, receiving, by one of a plurality of tag response receptor units, at least one of the interleaved pairs of ultra-wideband beacon frames, sending, by the one or more tag devices, ultra-wideband tag response frames and receiving, by the one of the plurality of tag response receptor units, at least one of the ultra-wideband tag response frames.

In an embodiment a real-time location method includes sending and receiving ultra-wideband frames using an exchange protocol based on an ultra-wideband frame format, wherein the exchange protocol defines a location rate frame format including a beacon section having a series of time slots associated to at least one frame of interleaved pairs of beacon frames, wherein a first beacon frame and a second beacon frame of each pair are separated in time by a master time delay, and wherein, between time slots assigned to the beacon frames of an opening pair having an initial one of the beacon frames within the beacon section, an array of time slots is respectively assigned to the first beacon frames of the remaining pairs, and a tag response section including a sequence of time slots associated to tag response frames.

A method for high data rate transmission using minimum energy coding with Ultra Wide Band modulation includes encoding each of a plurality of sourcewords into a respective codeword. Each respective codeword includes a single logic-high bit. A codeword duty cycle is less than a low duty cycle threshold, wherein the codeword duty cycle is based on a bit length of the codeword. Each respective codeword is modulated with an On-Off-Keying (OOK) modulation to form a respective modulated codeword, wherein a transmission of each modulated codeword occurs only for the single logic-high bit in each respective codeword.

A method for high data rate transmission using minimum energy coding with Ultra Wide Band modulation includes encoding each of a plurality of sourcewords into a respective codeword. Each respective codeword includes a single logic-high bit. A codeword duty cycle is less than a low duty cycle threshold, wherein the codeword duty cycle is based on a bit length of the codeword. Each respective codeword is modulated with an On-Off-Keying (OOK) modulation to form a respective modulated codeword, wherein a transmission of each modulated codeword occurs only for the single logic-high bit in each respective codeword.

This application provides an information transmission method and apparatus. The method includes: determining a time domain density of a phase tracking reference signal PTRS; determining a frequency domain density of the phase tracking reference signal PTRS based on available bandwidth, or determining a frequency domain density of the phase tracking reference signal PTRS based on a scheduled resource block RB or an available resource block RB; mapping the PTRS to one or more orthogonal frequency division multiplexing OFDM symbols based on the time domain density and the frequency domain density; and sending a signal that includes the OFDM symbol to which the PTRS is mapped. The corresponding apparatus is also disclosed. When the technical solution of this application is used, a quantity of PTRSs can be prevented from jumping when a value of scheduled bandwidth is close to a threshold, both accuracy of common phase error estimation and spectral efficiency are taken into consideration, and the PTRSs can be uniformly mapped in the scheduled or available bandwidth, thereby properly configuring the PTRSs.

In an embodiment an ultra-wideband indoor real-time location system for determining positions of mobile tag devices within a localizing area includes a plurality of UWB signal transmitters located at preset positions and defining the localizing area, wherein the UWB signal transmitters are configured to operate with synchronized clocks and transmit UWB signals based on a UWB frame format, and wherein the UWB frame format includes unique information content for the UWB signal transmitter and at least one mobile tag device comprising a signal reception unit configured to receive the UWB signals, a time detection unit configured to derive respective arrival time points for the received UWB signals, an identification unit configured to derive the unique information content from the received UWB signals and a control unit configured to process the unique information content and the arrival time points for at least a subset of the UWB signal transmitters in a localizing algorithm to derive a position of the mobile tag device with respect to the subset of the UWB signal transmitters.