A request for registration by a User Equipment (UE) to a cellular network is handled. The geographical coverage of the cellular network is divided into a plurality of tracking areas, each tracking area having a respective identifier. A registration request message is communicated from the UE to the cellular network via an access node. Where the registration request is rejected, a registration rejection message is communicated in response. The registration request message and/or the registration rejection message includes the identifier for each of one or more tracking areas to which the respective message applies.

Systems, apparatuses, and method may provide unmanned aerial system communication. A method performed by at least one processor included in an unmanned aerial system (UAS) includes: transmitting, to a UAS Service Supplier (USS) implemented on at least one server, a first registration request to register a first remote identification (RID) corresponding to the UAS with the USS; receiving, from the USS, an indication that the first RID is a duplicate RID that is registered with the USS; determining, based on the first RID, a second RID corresponding to the UAS; and transmitting, to the USS, a second registration request to register the second RID.

A method for operating a power transmitting device in a wireless communication system is provided. The method includes receiving feedback information corresponding to power harvest from a plurality of electronic devices, performing beam scheduling based on the feedback information, and transmitting power to the plurality of the electronic devices using at least one beam based on the beam scheduling.

Satellite access to a PLMN with a Fifth Generation (5G) core network (5GCN) is supported by a serving satellite NodeB (gNB). The gNB determines or verifies the country in which a user equipment (UE) is located to ensure that the UE is located in the same country as the PLMN. The gNB may determine the country of the UE based on UE measurements from broadcast satellite signals and a positioning ID (PID) broadcast for each radio cell. The PID frequently changes to prevent spoofing. The gNB may use multiple UE measurements from a moving radio cell over a period of time to generate a more accurate location for the UE. The gNB may indicate to a 5GCN whether the country of the UE has been verified. The 5GCN will determine the location and country of the UE if the gNB indicates that the country is not fully verified.

Embodiments relate to a paging optimization method and a network device. The method comprises: receiving a paging message sent by a core network device, the paging message carrying current paging cell information and/or information for determining the current paging cell; and performing paging according to the paging message. Paging optimization can be achieved, and paging failure caused by the change of the current cell is avoided.

A wireless device, receives, from a non-terrestrial network (NTN) node, a geographical zone configuration parameter. The wireless device determines a first zone identity of the wireless device based on the geographical zone configuration parameter and a first geographical location of the wireless device. The wireless device sends, to an access and mobility management function (AMF), a first registration request message indicating the first zone identity. The wireless device sends, to the AMF, a second registration request message indicating a second zone identity.

Devices, methods, and systems for uplink synchronization in time division multiple access (TDMA) satellite network. In one embodiment, an earth-based satellite terminal is configured to communicate with a satellite hub through a satellite using the TDMA communication protocol. The earth-based satellite terminal is configured to determine its own location, a location of the satellite, estimate a distance between the location of the terminal and the location of the satellite, determine a Coarse Timing Advance based on the distance that is estimated, and transmit data to the satellite based on the Coarse Timing Advance and the TDMA communication protocol. The Coarse Timing Advance may allow uplink TDMA communication without a preamble transmission on a random access channel, the preamble transmission being required in many conventional systems.

An SSA business device (47) is a business device (40) with which an SSA business operator manages space object information. The SSA business device (47) includes a space traffic management device (200) that is compatible with space traffic management devices (200) respectively included in business devices (40) that manage space objects. The SSA business device (47) is connected, through the space traffic management device (200), to a space traffic management system (800) in which the space traffic management devices (200) respectively included in the business devices (40) are mutually connected with a communication line.

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. A user equipment (UE) may receive control signaling identifying a configuration of a set of uplink slots for the UE to transmit uplink reference signals to a satellite. The UE may transmit, to the satellite, a set of uplink reference signals on the set of uplink slots according to the configuration. The set of uplink reference signals may include sounding reference signals (SRSs), positioning references signals (PRSs), or both. In some implementations, the UE may transmit the set of uplink reference signals in accordance with one or more timing advance values, where the timing advance values are indicated to the satellite by the UE, pre-configured by the satellite, or both. The UE may then, from a network node, an indication of a position of the UE based on the set of uplink reference signals.

Various aspects of the present disclosure relate to a UE that receives a first configuration associated with a set of positioning reference signals, where the first configuration indicates a time and frequency resource for a positioning reference signal of the set of positioning reference signals. The UE also receives a second configuration that associates a positioning measurement of the positioning reference signal on the time and frequency resource, and receives one or more types of polarization associated with the first configuration and/or the second configuration. The UE also transmits a report indicating the one or more types of polarization associated with the positioning measurement of the positioning reference signal on the time and frequency resource.