Systems, methods and devices for implementing cryptographic and security-in-depth techniques on-board spacecrafts or satellites are provided, to allow users to task activities or retrieve satellite data from the satellite system in an anonymous, secure, safe, and private manner, such that no other user sharing the satellite system resources can know what has been tasked or transmitted to the ground. Considerable advantages can be realized by providing spacecraft or satellite systems with a substantial capacity of applying security-in-depth and cryptographic techniques and protocols to data and requests, based on autonomous tasking, allowing a secure, safe and private use of spacecraft or satellite resources.

In an exemplary embodiment, a phased array antenna comprises multiple subcircuits in communication with multiple radiating elements. The radio frequency signals are independently adjusted for both polarization control and beam steering. In a receive embodiment, multiple RF signals of various polarizations are received and combined into at least one receive beam output. In a transmit embodiment, at least one transmit beam input is divided and transmitted through multiple radiating elements, with the transmitted beams having various polarizations. In an exemplary embodiment, the phased array antenna provides multi-beam formation over multiple operating frequency bands. The wideband nature of the active components allows for operation over multiple frequency bands simultaneously.

The present disclosure relates to a pre-5G or 5G communication system to support higher data rates beyond 4G communication system such as LTE. The present disclosure enables the 3GPP system to protect the broadcasted unique UAV identities for a secured UAV communication. In remote identification process, the UAVs send the messages with flight information to the receiving party (i.e., UTM/USS, a TPAE or another UAV). Also, there are use cases on local broadcast of UAV identities for remote identification and tracking purposes. The present disclosure renders a mechanism that only the authorized personnel is able to decode the received broadcasting ID from the initiating UAV. The present disclosure protects unique UAV identities broadcasted so that, the fake UAV or unauthorized personnel cannot use the broadcasted ID for certain attacks such as impersonation of genuine UAV, tracking of the UAV and so on.

In an exemplary embodiment, a phased array antenna comprises multiple subcircuits in communication with multiple radiating elements. The radio frequency signals are independently adjusted for both polarization control and beam steering. In a receive embodiment, multiple RF signals of various polarizations are received and combined into at least one receive beam output. In a transmit embodiment, at least one transmit beam input is divided and transmitted through multiple radiating elements, with the transmitted beams having various polarizations. In an exemplary embodiment, the phased array antenna provides multi-beam formation over multiple operating frequency bands. The wideband nature of the active components allows for operation over multiple frequency bands simultaneously.

A communication network, such as a satellite-based communication network, comprises a gateway transceiver that communicates with a plurality of remote locations via the communication network, and a gateway controller which operates to generate website content data based on website data for a website and link accessible data at the website. The gateway controller further operates to control the gateway transceiver to transmit the website content data to the plurality of remote locations via a broadcast communication. Thus, bandwidth usage to provide the website content data to multiple remote locations is reduced. Also, the network terminals at the remote locations make the transmitted website content data available locally without the need to establish a communication link with the gateway transceiver, thus reducing latency in providing the content.

An approach for improved security protocols in a mobile satellite system is provided. A remote terminal performs a key establishment function, including determination of a first encryption key for encrypting data for transmission over the satellite communications channels, and determination of an authentication key for authenticating entities communicating over the communications channels. The remote terminal receives a security mode command including a key indicator, and determines a second encryption key for enhanced session data security over communications channels. The second encryption key is determined based on the key indicator and a key generation algorithm. The remote terminal further determines a key indicator response and transmits a security mode complete command including the key indicator response to a satellite base station subsystem (SBSS). The key indicator response is constructed for the SBSS to determine the second encryption key based on the key indicator response and a key generation algorithm.

A radio communication route enables communication from an originating ground station to a destination ground station via one of multiple randomly orbiting, rotating satellites with no active attitude control. The ground stations and satellites include directional antennas for receiving radio signals from and transmitting radio signals in multiple directions. The satellites store an address of a destination ground station from which an initial information signal is transmitted and antenna information identifying the satellite antenna on which the initial information signal was received. Plural satellite antennas transmit linking information identifying the satellite to the originating ground station. Data transmissions received at the originating ground station that designate a particular destination are transmitted by the originating ground station using the antenna on which the linking information was received and the satellite retransmits the data transmission using the satellite antenna identified by the stored antenna information.

Some implementations of the disclosure are directed to preventing unauthorized transmissions of an outdoor IP Radio by an unauthorized user tapping the connection between an indoor unit and the outdoor IP Radio. In one implementation, a method comprises: initializing, over an interfacility link (IFL) connecting an indoor unit of a satellite terminal and an outdoor Internet Protocol (IP) Radio of the satellite terminal, a communication link between the indoor unit and the outdoor IP Radio; authenticating, using the indoor unit and the outdoor IP Radio, the communication link between the indoor unit and the outdoor IP radio; and after authenticating the communication link, providing satellite network service to the indoor unit via the outdoor IP Radio.

Disclosed is a two-phase access authentication method integrating spatial-temporal features in space-air-ground integrated networks. In the method, an access authentication is divided into two phases: a primary authentication phase and a continued authentication phase. In the primary authentication phase, a user equipment and a satellite are respectively initialized and registered through a ground network control center. In the authentication phase, a fast and secure access is achieved by using a user ID, facial features, and other authentication factors. In the continued authentication phase, data of a user flow and behavior features are acquired, and feature comparison is performed by using historical user data; and a security level and an authentication decision are output. According to the disclosure, the spatial-temporal features are integrated to perform access authentication on a satellite-ground communication network, the authentication not only achieves a fast access, but also continuously ensures the system security in a service phase.

A radio communication route enables communication from an originating ground station to a destination ground station via one of multiple randomly orbiting satellites with no attitude control. The ground stations and satellites include directional antennas for receiving radio signals from and transmitting radio signals in multiple directions. The satellites store an address of a destination ground station from which an initial information signal is transmitted and antenna information identifying the satellite antenna on which the initial information signal was received. Plural satellite antennas transmit linking information identifying the satellite to the originating ground station. Data transmissions received at the originating ground station that designate a particular destination are transmitted by the originating ground station using the antenna on which the linking information was received and the satellite retransmits the data transmission using the satellite antenna identified by the stored antenna information.