A wireless system includes an active oscillator and a front-end circuit. The active oscillator is used to generate and output a reference clock. The active oscillator includes at least one active component, and does not include an electromechanical resonator. The front-end circuit is used to process a transmit (TX) signal or a receive (RX) signal according to a local oscillator (LO) signal. The LO signal is derived from the reference clock.

Various aspects of the disclosure relate to communication using a data unit that includes a payload with synchronization information. In some aspects, a first apparatus may transmit a data unit that includes at least one synchronization symbol in the payload. A second apparatus that receives the data unit may thereby recover synchronization information from the data unit even if interference at the second apparatus prevents the second apparatus from recovering synchronization information in a preamble of the data unit. In some aspects, the second apparatus may determine, based on information in the at least one synchronization symbol, whether and/or when to conduct a spatial reuse transmission. In some aspects, the second apparatus may determine, based on information in the at least one synchronization symbol, an amount of time to defer transmission.

A system can comprise a radio unit comprising a digital front end, wherein the digital front end comprises a group of tap points that are configured to receive a first custom signal. The system can also comprise a first component that is configured to originate the first custom signal. The system can also comprise a second component that is configured to select a first tap point of the group of tap points, and inject the first custom signal into the first tap point.

A media system comprises one or more non-wearable playback devices, a gateway device, and a wearable playback device. The one or more non-wearable playback devices are configured to receive media content and to play the media content in synchrony with one another. The gateway device is commutatively coupled with at least one of the non-wearable playback devices and is configured to receive the media content. The wearable playback device comprises a microphone and a transducer and is commutatively coupled to the gateway device. The wearable playback device is configured to receive the media content and to simultaneously play ambient audio received via the microphone and the media content via the transducer while the one or more non-wearable playback devices play the media content.

Method and apparatus, for synchronising communications between a radio access network (RAN) node and a wireless device (WD) provisioned with a set of synchronised communication configurations. The method comprises, after receiving, by the RAN node, a downstream protocol data unit (PDU), selecting a synchronised communication configuration from the set of synchronised communication configurations where each synchronised communication configuration includes a downlink portion governing downlink data transmissions to the WD, an uplink portion governing uplink data transmissions from the WD, and a sidelink portion governing sidelink data transmissions between WDs, respective ones of the set of synchronised communication configurations being associated with a periodic communications synchronisation indicator (PCSI). The method further includes transmitting, by the RAN node to the WD, the PCSI associated with the selected synchronised communication configuration, transmitting, by the RAN node to the WD, at a pre-determined interval following transmission of the PCSI, the downstream PDU in accordance with the downlink portion of the selected synchronised communication configuration, and receiving, by the RAN node, an upstream PDU transmitted by the WD in accordance with the uplink portion of the selected synchronised communication configuration.

A media system comprises one or more non-wearable playback devices, a gateway device, and a wearable playback device. The one or more non-wearable playback devices are configured to receive media content and to play the media content in synchrony with one another. The gateway device is commutatively coupled with at least one of the non-wearable playback devices and is configured to receive the media content. The wearable playback device comprises a microphone and a transducer and is commutatively coupled to the gateway device. The wearable playback device is configured to receive the media content and to simultaneously play ambient audio received via the microphone and the media content via the transducer while the one or more non-wearable playback devices play the media content.

Disclosed are a communication technique for merging, with IoT technology, a 5G communication system for supporting a data transmission rate higher than that of a 4G system, and a system therefor. The disclosure can be applied to intelligent services (for example, smart home, smart building, smart city, smart car or connected car, health care, digital education, retail, security and safety related services, and the like) on the basis of 5G communication technology and IoT related technology. Disclosed are a signal, a channel structure, and an operation method and device for supporting initial access for a system expected to remarkably increase M communication capacity, by using beamforming on a wide frequency band in next-generation communication for supporting a millimeter-wave (mmWave) band.

A communications system including a transmit processor for determining transmit and azimuth elevation in response to a refractive layer altitude, a transmitter array including a plurality of transmitters each for transmitting one of a plurality of transmitted signals in response to the transmit elevation wherein each of the plurality of transmitted signals is encoded using a data signal and one of a plurality of unique synchronization sequences, and a receiver for receiving the plurality of transmitted signals, isolating each of the plurality of transmitted signals in response to one of the plurality of unique synchronization sequences corresponding to each of the plurality of transmitted signals to generate a plurality of isolated signals, to combine the plurality of isolated signals to generate a combined signal and to generate the data signal in response to the combined signal.

Method and apparatus, for synchronising communications between a radio access network (RAN) node and a wireless device (WD) provisioned with a set of synchronised communication configurations. The method comprises, after receiving, by the RAN node, a downstream protocol data unit (PDU), selecting a synchronised communication configuration from the set of synchronised communication configurations where each synchronised communication configuration includes a downlink portion governing downlink data transmissions to the WD, an uplink portion governing uplink data transmissions from the WD, and a sidelink portion governing sidelink data transmissions between WDs, respective ones of the set of synchronised communication configurations being associated with a periodic communications synchronisation indicator (PCSI). The method further includes transmitting, by the RAN node to the WD, the PCSI associated with the selected synchronised communication configuration, transmitting, by the RAN node to the WD, at a pre-determined interval following transmission of the PCSI, the downstream PDU in accordance with the downlink portion of the selected synchronised communication configuration, and receiving, by the RAN node, an upstream PDU transmitted by the WD in accordance with the uplink portion of the selected synchronised communication configuration.

Some techniques and apparatuses described herein provide synchronization signal numerology, coverage extension/repetition schemes, and synchronization signal burst set periodicities for 5G IoT user equipment (UEs). For example, some techniques and apparatuses described herein provide a sequence of slots and/or particular symbols within a slot for transmission of a synchronization signal and/or a broadcast channel. Furthermore, some techniques and apparatuses described herein define minimum bandwidths of IoT UEs in relation to non-IoT UEs, and define synchronization signal burst set periodicities that may be different for IoT UEs than for non-IoT UEs.