An optical transmission system including a plurality of optical transmission devices and an optical reception device and performing communication by wavelength division multiplexing, in which the plurality of optical transmission devices each includes a transmission unit that encodes transmission data on a basis of an allocated code and output the transmission data to an optical transmission line at an allocated wavelength, and different codes are allocated to the plurality of optical transmission devices to which different wavelengths are allocated, and the optical reception device includes one or a plurality of decoding units that decodes the transmission data transmitted from the plurality of optical transmission devices on the basis of an optical signal for each wavelength transmitted via the optical transmission line by wavelength multiplexing division and the allocated code.

A multi-layer network planning system can determine a set of regenerator sites (“RSs”) that have been found to cover all paths among a set of nodes of an optical layer of a multi-layer network and can determine a set of candidate RSs in the optical layer for use by the links between a set of nodes of an upper layer, wherein each RS can be selected as a candidate RS for the links. The system can determine a binary path matrix for the links between the set of nodes of the upper layer. The system can determine a min-cost matrix that includes a plurality of min-cost paths. The system can determine a best RS from the set of candidate RSs and can move the best RS from the set of candidate RSs into the set of RSs for the links. The system can then update the binary path matrix.

A cyclic wavelength band permutation device (31) includes as many wavelength band converters (32a to 32c) as the wavelength bands of optical signals (S1, C1, and L1), and the wavelength band converters are individually connected to the output terminals of corresponding optical amplifiers among a plurality of optical amplifiers (17a to 17c) connected to an optical fiber (16) in an inserted manner. When a wavelength-multiplexed signal beam obtained by multiplexing optical signals in different wavelength bands is multiband-transmitted through an optical fiber while being amplified by the plurality of optical amplifiers, each wavelength band converter performs a cyclic permutation process of transitioning or converting an optical signal allocated to the shorter wavelength band side in the bands of the optical fiber to the longer wavelength band side, and also transitioning or converting an optical signal allocated to the longest wavelength band to the shortest wavelength band.

A multi-layer network planning system can determine a set of regenerator sites (“RSs”) that have been found to cover all paths among a set of nodes of an optical layer of a multi-layer network and can determine a set of candidate RSs in the optical layer for use by the links between a set of nodes of an upper layer, wherein each RS can be selected as a candidate RS for the links. The system can determine a binary path matrix for the links between the set of nodes of the upper layer. The system can determine a min-cost matrix that includes a plurality of min-cost paths. The system can determine a best RS from the set of candidate RSs and can move the best RS from the set of candidate RSs into the set of RSs for the links. The system can then update the binary path matrix.

Provided herein is a wavelength/bandwidth tunable optical filter capable of flexibly tuning a wavelength and bandwidth, the wavelength/bandwidth tunable optical filter including an optical circulator configured to receive a WDM (Wavelength-Division-Multiplexing) optical signal from an optical cable; and a plurality of wavelength-tunable optical filters configured to receive the WDM optical signal via the optical circulator, wherein the plurality of wavelength-tunable optical filters reflect wavelengths of different bandwidths from one another.

A fiber loop includes a plurality of processors coupled to each other and a controller coupled to each of the plurality of processors. The controller is configured to: assign to each of the plurality of processors a number of wavelengths for interconnect communications between the plurality of processors; receive, from a first processor of the plurality of processors, a request for one or more additional wavelengths; determine whether an interconnect bandwidth utilization on the fiber loop is less than a threshold; and in response to determining that the interconnect bandwidth utilization on the fiber loop is less than the threshold, reassign, to the first processor, one or more wavelengths that are assigned to a second processor of the plurality of processors.

A transmission device, includes a first wavelength converter configured to convert a second wavelength-multiplexed signal in a first wavelength band to a second wavelength band different from the first wavelength band, and a multiplexer configured to transmit, after the conversion, a wavelength-multiplexed signal obtained through multiplexing of a first wavelength-multiplexed signal in the first wavelength band, a first supervisory control signal light ray that is a control signal for the first wavelength-multiplexed signal, the second wavelength-multiplexed signal in the second wavelength band, and a second supervisory control signal light ray that is a control signal for the second wavelength-multiplexed signal, wherein the first supervisory control signal light ray and the second supervisory control signal light ray each have a wavelength in a wavelength band different from the first wavelength band and the second wavelength band.

A ZR or ZR+ interface includes circuitry configured to receive one or more client signals; and circuitry configured to transmit the one or more client signals as an aggregate signal in a Flexible Ethernet (FlexE) format in one of a ZR format and a ZR+ format, including a mapping indicative of how the one or more client signals are one of multiplexed and subrated into the aggregate signal. The aggregate signal can have a rate that does not correspond to a standard Ethernet Physical Medium Dependent (PMD). The FlexE format can include a plurality of FlexE instances with at least one of the FlexE instances having calendar slots removed for a subrating application.

In an example method, an edge transceiver receives a first message from a hub transceiver over a first communications channel of an optical communications network, including an indication of available network resources on the optical communications network. The edge transceiver transmits, over a second communications channel of the optical communications network, a second message to the hub transceiver, including an indication of a subset of the available network resources selected by the edge transceiver. The edge transceiver receives, from the hub transceiver, a third message acknowledging receipt of a selection by the edge transceiver and a fourth message confirming an assignment of the selected subset of the available network resources to the edge transceiver. The edge transceiver transmits, using the selected subset of the available network resources, data via the hub transceiver.

A system includes a pair of network devices, a universal multi-core fiber (UMCF) interconnect, and a pair of wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) devices. Each network device includes (i) first optical communication devices configured to communicate first optical signals having a first carrier wavelength and (ii) second optical communication devices configured to communicate second optical signals having a second carrier wavelength. The universal multi-core fiber (UMCF) interconnect includes multiple cores that are configured to convey the first optical signals and the second optical signals between the network devices, using single-mode propagation for the first optical signals and multi-mode propagation for the second optical signals. Each WDM device is connected between a respective network device and the UMCF interconnect and configured to couple the first and second optical communication devices of the respective network device to the cores in accordance with a defined channel assignment.