This application provides a tunable optical add/drop multiplexer T-OADM. A beam adjustment apparatus changes an incident angle at which an incident beam is emitted onto an optical filter. After the optical filter splits the incident beam into a transmitted beam and a reflected beam, the beam adjustment apparatus further adjusts a transmission direction of the transmitted beam emergent from the optical filter and a transmission direction of the reflected beam emergent from the optical filter, so that the transmitted beam and the reflected beam are output to corresponding ports, so as to implement a flexible and controllable T-OADM apparatus. This application may be applied to the optical communication field, for example, may be used to implement add/drop multiplexing of tributary signals in an optical domain in fields such as a long-haul backbone and a metropolitan area network.

An optical demultiplexer 40 includes: a plurality of optical gate switches 41a to 41n configured to transmit, when being turned on, and to block, when being turned off, a multiplexed optical signal obtained by multiplexing optical signals of a plurality of wavelengths by time-division multiplexing or wavelength-division multiplexing in addition to time-division multiplexing; and a cAWG 42 including a plurality of input ports and a plurality of output ports and configured to input the multiplexed optical signal transmitted through the optical gate switches 41a to 41n from the plurality of input ports, demultiplex the input multiplexed optical signal for each wavelength, and cycle and output the demultiplexed optical signals from the plurality of output ports in a predetermined order.

A method for low-rate signal transmission on Optical Transport Networks is provided. In the method, a signal is mapped to a low-rate OPU of a low-rate ODU, wherein the low-rate ODU comprises an ODU overhead section and the low-rate OPU, the low-rate OPU comprises an OPU overhead section and an OPU payload section, the low-rate ODU has a bit rate of 1, 244, 160 Kbps±20 ppm, and the OPU payload section has a bit rate of 1, 238, 954.31 Kbps±20 ppm; OPU overhead bytes and ODU overhead bytes are added to corresponding overhead section; then, the low-rate ODU is multiplexed to an Optical channel Data Unit-k (ODUk) that has a bit rate higher than the bit rate of the low-rate ODU; finally, the ODUk is transmitted via the OTN.

An optical demultiplexer 40 includes: a plurality of optical gate switches 41a to 41n configured to transmit, when being turned on, and to block, when being turned off, a multiplexed optical signal obtained by multiplexing optical signals of a plurality of wavelengths by time-division multiplexing or wavelength-division multiplexing in addition to time-division multiplexing; and a cAWG 42 including a plurality of input ports and a plurality of output ports and configured to input the multiplexed optical signal transmitted through the optical gate switches 41a to 41n from the plurality of input ports, demultiplex the input multiplexed optical signal for each wavelength, and cycle and output the demultiplexed optical signals from the plurality of output ports in a predetermined order.

This disclosure describes devices and methods related to multiplexing optical data signals. A method may be disclosed for multiplexing one or more optical data signals. The method may comprise receiving, by a dense wave division multiplexer (DWDM), one or more optical data signals. The method may comprise combining, by the DWDM, the one or more optical data signals. The method may comprise outputting, by the DWDM, the combined one or more optical data signals to one or more wave division multiplexer (WDM). The method may comprise combining, by the one or more WDM, the combined one or more optical data signals and one or more second optical data signals, and outputting an egress optical data signal comprising the combined one or more optical data signals and one or more second optical data signals.

A machine automation system for controlling and operating an automated machine. The system includes a controller and sensor bus including a central processing core and a multi-medium transmission intranet for implementing a dynamic burst to broadcast transmission scheme where messages are burst from nodes to the central processing core and broadcast from the central processing core to all of the nodes.

An example system includes a first network device having first circuitry. The first network device is configured to perform operations including receiving data to be transmitted to a second network device over an optical communications network, and transmitting first information and second information to the second device. The first information is indicative of the data, and is transmitted using a first communications link of the optical communications network and using a first subset of optical subcarriers. The second information is indicative of the data, and is transmitted using a second communications link of the optical communications network and using a second subset of optical subcarriers. The first subset of optical subcarriers is different from the second subset of optical subcarriers.

Techniques for providing closed-loop control and predictive analytics in packet-optical networks are described. For example, an integrated, centralized controller provides tightly-integrated, closed-loop control over switching and routing services and the underling optical transport system of a communication network. In one implementation, the controller includes an analytics engine that applies predictable analytics to real-time status information received from a monitoring subsystem distributed throughout the underlying optical transport system. Responsive to the status information, the analytics engine applies rules to adaptively and proactively identify current or predicted topology-changing events and, responsive to those events, maps reroutes packet flows through a routing/switching network and control and, based on any updated bandwidth requirements due to topology changes, dynamically adjusts allocation and utilization of the optical spectrum and wavelengths within the underlying optical transport system.

An optical wavelength multiplexing device includes: a wavelength selective switch including a first input port for receiving an optical signal, a second input port for receiving a monitoring signal, output ports for outputting the optical signal or the monitoring signal, and an adjustment unit that adjusts a level of the optical signal or the monitoring signal at one of the output ports; a measurement unit that measures an output level of the monitoring signal at one of the output ports; and a control unit that specifies an unused output port of the output ports as a monitoring target port; sets a specific adjustment amount to the monitoring target port; outputs the monitoring signal to the monitoring target port; and determines whether the monitoring target port has an abnormality, based on the output level at the monitoring target port and an estimated output level at the monitoring target port.

A single-fiber bidirectional optical ring system includes: a central station; slave stations; and a network which connects the central station and the slave stations in a ring shape by optical fibers. The central station includes: a first single-fiber bidirectional optical transceiver connected in a clockwise direction of the network, which outputs a downstream optical signal of a second wavelength and receives an upstream optical signal of a first wavelength; a second single-fiber bidirectional optical transceiver connected in a counterclockwise direction of the network, which outputs a downstream optical signal of the second wavelength and receives an upstream optical signal of the first wavelength; and a first time synchronization control circuit that adjusts timings at which the downstream optical signals of the second wavelength are outputted, and causes the first and second single-fiber bidirectional optical transceivers to output the downstream optical signals of the second wavelength in different time slots.