Systems and methods include obtaining power measurements from one or more first components in an optical node and store the power measurements at corresponding vertices in a graph that describes the optical node; obtaining calibration data from a plurality of second components in the optical node and utilize the calibration data to determine an optical gain or an optical loss through an associated arc in the graph; and determining an optical power at any point in the optical node via traversing the graph, for any of configuration and operation of the optical node. The graph includes the vertices that are points in the optical node where there is a need for optical power, the arcs that are connections through the optical node where the optical power has the optical gain or the optical loss, and optical channels and their associated optical spectrum.

A transmission device includes a processor configured to: extract data other than an idle signal from an input signal, generate a first frame in which the extracted data is stored, and store the generated first frames in a second frame, each of the generated first frames being the first frame; and a transmitter coupled to the processor and configured to: divide the second frame to transmit through a plurality of lines corresponding to storage areas of the first frames in the second frame among the plurality of lines, and when a failure occurs in a line among the plurality of lines, store the first frame corresponding to the line in which the failure occurs in an area, the first frame in the area being to be transmitted through a line different from the line in which the failure occurs.