A system includes a first device and a second device coupled to a link. The first device is to transmit one or more request frames for synchronization of a data layer, each request frame including a quantity of bits and an error code. The second device is to receive a first set of bits corresponding to the quantity of bits in each request frame. The second device is to perform an error decode operation on the first set of bits using a first portion of the first set of bits and determine the first set of bits correspond to a frame boundary of the one more request frames responsive to a success of the error decode operation. The second device is to transmit an acknowledgement of the synchronization of the data layer based on determining the first set of bits corresponds to the frame boundary.

Enabling a protocol for efficiently and reliably using the NVME protocol over a network, referred to as NVME over Network, or NVMEoN, may include an NVMEoN exchange layer for handling exchanges between initiating and target nodes on a network, a burst transmission protocol that provides guaranteed delivery without duplicate retransmission, and an exchange status block approach to manage state information about exchanges.

A transmitting apparatus is disclosed. The transmitting apparatus includes an encoder to perform channel encoding with respect to bits and generate a codeword, an interleaver to interleave the codeword, and a modulator to map the interleaved codeword onto a non-uniform constellation according to a modulation scheme, and the constellation may include constellation points defined based on various tables according to the modulation scheme.

A receiver for receiving data in a broadcast system includes a broadcast receiver configured to receive, via the broadcast system, a receiver input data stream including a plurality of channel symbols represented by constellation points in a constellation diagram. A demodulator demodulates the channel symbols into codewords and a decoder decodes the codewords into output data words. A redundancy unit selects or requests, if demodulation of a channel symbol and/or decoding of a codeword is erroneous or likely to fail, redundancy data for demodulation of future channel symbols and/or decoding of future codewords via a broadband system and a broadband receiver obtains the redundancy data via the broadband system. The demodulator and/or the decoder is configured to use the obtained redundancy data to demodulate the respective future channel symbols and to decode the respective future codewords, respectively.

The present invention relates to a method for receiving control information within a subframe of a multi-carrier communication system supporting carrier aggregation, the method comprising the following steps performed at a receiving node: performing a blind detection for the control information within a search space by means of a first search pattern, wherein the first search pattern is one of a plurality of search patterns, each of the plurality of search patterns comprising a plurality of candidates distributed on any of a plurality of aggregation levels, and wherein the plurality of search patterns further comprises a second search pattern whose candidates are non-overlapping the candidates of the first search pattern on the same aggregation levels.

This disclosure provides methods, devices and systems for encoding data for wireless communication to achieve a desired amplitude distribution. Some implementations more specifically relate to performing an encoding operation to shape the amplitudes of the resultant symbols such that the amplitudes have a non-uniform distribution. In some implementations of the non-uniform distribution, the probabilities associated with the respective amplitudes generally increase with decreasing amplitude. Some implementations enable the tracking of MPDU boundaries to facilitate successful decoding by a receiving device. Additionally or alternatively, some implementations enable the determination of a packet length after performing the amplitude shaping, which enables a transmitting device to determine the number of padding bits to add to the payload and to signal the packet length to a receiving device so that the receiving device may determine the duration of the packet.

A system includes a first device and a second device coupled to a link. The first device is to transmit one or more request frames for synchronization of a data layer, each request frame including a quantity of bits and an error code. The second device is to receive a first set of bits corresponding to the quantity of bits in each request frame. The second device is to perform an error decode operation on the first set of bits using a first portion of the first set of bits and determine the first set of bits correspond to a frame boundary of the one more request frames responsive to a success of the error decode operation. The second device is to transmit an acknowledgement of the synchronization of the data layer based on determining the first set of bits corresponds to the frame boundary.

In a distribution matching circuit, output data of a plurality of LUTs forming a hierarchical tree structure sequentially designates a combination of signal point groups in a signal space managed by an LUT in an immediately lower level, and signal point information after distribution matching is output for each LUT in the lowermost level.

The downlink control channels in a control region of each downlink subframe in a telecommunication system are divided into at least one common subset of the downlink control channels and a plurality of group subsets of the downlink control channels, such that the common subset or each common subset will be decoded by every user equipment, and each group subset will be decoded only by a limited group of user equipments. Resource assignment messages for a user equipment can then be transmitted on a downlink control channel of the relevant group subset, to avoid the need for messages to be decoded by a large number of UEs that will not act on them, while broadcast messages can be transmitted on a downlink control channel of the relevant common subset, to avoid the need for messages to be transmitted many times.

An apparatus and method for generating a broadcast signal frame corresponding to a time interleaver supporting a plurality of operation modes are disclosed. An apparatus for generating broadcast signal frame according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a combiner configured to generate a multiplexed signal by combining a core layer signal and an enhanced layer signal; a power normalizer configured to reduce the power of the multiplexed signal to a power level corresponding to the core layer signal; a time interleaver configured to generate a time-interleaved signal by performing interleaving that is applied to both the core layer signal and the enhanced layer signal; and a frame builder configured to generate a broadcast signal frame including a preamble for signaling time interleaver information corresponding to the time interleaver, the preamble includes a field indicating a start position of a first complete FEC block corresponding to each of physical layer pipes.