A data multicast implementation method, apparatus, and system are provided. In some embodiments, a transmission device receives a standby forwarding path establishment request, where the standby forwarding path establishment request includes a device identifier, has a destination address being an address of a multicast source device, and is used to request to establish a standby forwarding path between a multicast destination device identified by the device identifier and the multicast source device. In those embodiments, when determining, based on the device identifier in the standby forwarding path establishment request, that the transmission device is located on an active forwarding path between the multicast destination device and the multicast source device, the transmission device skips using the transmission device as a device on the standby forwarding path between the multicast destination device and the multicast source device, and skips forwarding the standby forwarding path establishment request.

The disclosure relates to a 5G or 6G communication system for supporting a higher data transmission rate. A method performed by a first node in a wireless communication system, including receiving, from a second node, downlink user data through a first radio bearer, the downlink user data including multicast service data; transmitting, to at least one UE, the downlink user data through a second radio bearer; and transmitting, to the second node, a downlink data delivery status including PDCP sequence number information, wherein the PDCP sequence number information includes a higher PDCP sequence number between a highest PDCP sequence number successfully delivered in sequence associated with a first transmission mode and a highest PDCP sequence number transmitted to lower layers associated with a second transmission mode.

A donor communication station transmits a unicast transmission comprising a plurality of device data sets where each device data set directed to each of a plurality of user equipment (UE) devices. A relay node receives the unicast transmission and retransmits the data sets in a broadcast transmission over a broadcast communication channel to the plurality of UE devices. In one example, the donor communication station encodes data for multiple user equipment (UE) devices by applying broadcast encoding to the data for each device before applying outer encoding to the data. The dual encoded data is transmitted to the relay node over a dedicated channel. The relay node applies outer decoding to the dual encoded data to retrieve the broadcast encoded data. The relay node then transmits the broadcast encoded device data in a broadcast transmission without outer encoding.

A method and device for transmitting or receiving a broadcast signal are discussed. The method for transmitting the broadcast signal can include processing one or more Internet Protocol (IP) packets into link layer packets, processing the link layer packets to output the broadcast signal, and transmitting the broadcast signal. The one or more IP packets can carry components of a service and service signaling information for signaling the components of the service. The broadcast signal can further include a service list table. The service list table can include one or more of service identification information for identifying the service, capabilities information related to the service, channel number information of the service, category information for indicating a type of the service, protocol information for representing a type of a protocol used to deliver the service signaling information.

A method for multicast communication. The method which may be performed by a terminal device comprises receiving a downlink control channel from a network node. The downlink control channel may be associated with a traffic of the terminal device. The method further comprises determining an uplink resource to transmit feedback for the traffic to the network node, according to the association between the downlink control channel and the traffic. A hybrid automatic repeat request feedback may be implemented efficiently and flexibly for different traffic such as multicast and unicast traffic.

For a network with host machines that are hosting virtual machines, a method for facilitating BUM (broadcast, unknown unicast, and multicast) traffic between a hardware switch (e.g., ToR switch) and the host machines is provided. The network has a set of host machines configured as a cluster of replicators for replicating BUM traffic from the hardware switch to the host machines. A set of network controllers establishes failure-detection tunnels for links between the hardware switch and the replicator cluster. The replicator cluster informs the set of controllers of a change in the membership of the replicator cluster to initiate an update to the active failure-detection sessions. The set of network controllers communicates with the replicator cluster and a ToR switch to establish bidirectional forwarding detection (BFD) sessions between one or more replicator nodes in the replicator cluster and the ToR switch.

The present disclosure provides an in-situ flow detection method and an electronic device. In the present disclosure, a BFIR in the G-BIER domain and an intermediate BFR between the BFIR and a BFER may transmit in situ flow detection information used for detecting network quality currently along with a G-BIER service packet, which realizes in-situ flow detection based on G-BIER service packet; at the same time, the BFIR in the G-BIER domain, the intermediate BFR and the BFER in the G-BIER domain may also report detection data used for detecting network quality currently to an analyzer which finally may detect network quality based on the detection data reported by the BFIR and the BFER in the G-BIER domain and the intermediate BFR between the BFIR and the BFER.

The equipment management device includes an information collection unit, a specific state detection unit, a cause estimation unit, and a countermeasure process execution unit. The information collection unit acquires a video of a conference room or a sound of the conference room. The specific state detection unit detects that equipment provided in the conference room is in a specific state on the basis of a result of analyzing the video or the sound. The cause estimation unit acquires equipment information about the equipment when the equipment has been detected to be in the specific state and estimates a cause of the specific state on the basis of the equipment information. The countermeasure process execution unit selects and executes a countermeasure process to be executed on the basis of the estimated cause.

A conferencing system terminal device includes a display, an audio output, a user interface, a communication device, and one or more processors. The one or more processors present an audio difficulties user actuation target upon the display during an audio or video conference occurring across a network and concurrently with a presentation of conference content. Actuation of the audio difficulties user actuation target indicates that audio content associated with the audio or video conference being delivered by the audio output is impaired.

Systems are methods are described for predicting and forecasting a resource utilization on network device, particularly for handling multicast flows, by monitoring past resource consumption patterns. A system can include a plurality of multicast clients coupled to a network; and a network device coupled to the network. The network device may be a switch or a router that directs multicast traffic to the plurality of multicast clients. The network device can include a flow prediction controller that determines one or more real-time predictions relating to a demand of the network based on an analysis of an artificial intelligence (AI) forecasting model, such as an Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model. Also, the network device can include a resource optimizer that performs a resource management action that optimizes the resources of the network device based on the one or more real-time predictions of the demand of the network and a policy.