This application provides a packet transmission method, apparatus, and system, and relates to the field of network technologies. The method is applied to a network architecture including a user terminal, a first forwarding device and a second forwarding device. A tunnel is disposed between the first forwarding device and the second forwarding device. The method includes: The first forwarding device receives packets forwarded by the user terminal in the load balancing mode, where the packets include a keepalive packet, and the first forwarding device is a standby forwarding device corresponding to the user terminal. The first forwarding device forwards the keepalive packet to the second forwarding device through the tunnel, where the second forwarding device is an active forwarding device corresponding to the user terminal.

Embodiments of the invention generally relate to address resolution in a wireless communication system. The access node may locally determine, responsive to receiving a second-layer network address associated with a destination communication device from a source communication device in the wireless communication system, a first-layer network address of the destination communication device from the second-layer network address. The access node may send, responsive to the first-layer network address being unavailable, a request for the first-layer network address to an address resolution server in the wireless communication system. In this way, the time and resources for address resolution may be saved, and the efficiency of the address resolution may be improved.

This application provides a packet transmission method, apparatus, and system, and relates to the field of network technologies. The method is applied to a network architecture including a user terminal, a first forwarding device and a second forwarding device. A tunnel is disposed between the first forwarding device and the second forwarding device. The method includes: The first forwarding device receives packets forwarded by the user terminal in the load balancing mode, where the packets include a keepalive packet, and the first forwarding device is a standby forwarding device corresponding to the user terminal. The first forwarding device forwards the keepalive packet to the second forwarding device through the tunnel, where the second forwarding device is an active forwarding device corresponding to the user terminal.

This disclosure provides systems, methods and apparatuses for wireless communications. In some implementations, a first wireless communication device associated with a basic service set (BSS) receives a plurality of packets transmitted during a measurement window by a second wireless communication device associated with the BSS. The first wireless communication device determines a received signal strength indicator (RSSI) value of the plurality of received packets, determines a level of overlapping basic service set (OBSS) interference on the wireless medium during the measurement window, and adjusts one or more of a packet detect (PD) threshold, an OBSS PD threshold, or an energy detect (ED) threshold based on the determined RSSI value and the level of OBSS interference.

This disclosure provides systems, methods and apparatuses for wireless communications. In some implementations, a first wireless communication device associated with a basic service set (BSS) receives a plurality of packets transmitted during a measurement window by a second wireless communication device associated with the BSS. The first wireless communication device determines a received signal strength indicator (RSSI) value of the plurality of received packets, determines a level of overlapping basic service set (OBSS) interference on the wireless medium during the measurement window, and adjusts one or more of a packet detect (PD) threshold, an OBSS PD threshold, or an energy detect (ED) threshold based on the determined RSSI value and the level of OBSS interference.

A method for facilitating communications between client devices in geographically separated networks is described. First, message monitoring is conducted by each of a plurality of virtual appliances within a local network to detect a message of a first message type. Responsive to failing to locate a Media Access Control (MAC) address of a destination for the message within a prescribed table by a default gateway, one of the plurality of virtual appliances is selected for handling a forwarding of the message to a plurality of remote networks, and the message via the selected virtual appliance is forwarded to a plurality of gateways associated with a plurality of remote networks. Responsive to locating the MAC address of the destination within the table, the virtual appliance previously handling communications with the destination to forward the message to the destination.

A method for facilitating communications between client devices in geographically separated networks is described. First, message monitoring is conducted by each of a plurality of virtual appliances within a local network to detect a message of a first message type. Responsive to failing to locate a Media Access Control (MAC) address of a destination for the message within a prescribed table by a default gateway, one of the plurality of virtual appliances is selected for handling a forwarding of the message to a plurality of remote networks, and the message via the selected virtual appliance is forwarded to a plurality of gateways associated with a plurality of remote networks. Responsive to locating the MAC address of the destination within the table, the virtual appliance previously handling communications with the destination to forward the message to the destination.

A method for facilitating communications between client devices in geographically separated networks is described. First, message monitoring is conducted by each of a plurality of virtual appliances within a local network to detect a message of a first message type. Responsive to failing to locate a Media Access Control (MAC) address of a destination for the message within a prescribed table by a default gateway, one of the plurality of virtual appliances is selected for handling a forwarding of the message to a plurality of remote networks, and the message via the selected virtual appliance is forwarded to a plurality of gateways associated with a plurality of remote networks. Responsive to locating the MAC address of the destination within the table, the virtual appliance previously handling communications with the destination to forward the message to the destination.

An operation method of a switch in a vehicle network may include: transmitting a first signal to a first end node through a first path connecting the switch and the first end node; detecting a failure in the first path; configuring a second path connecting the switch and the first end node; receiving a second signal from a second end node; determining whether a destination of the second signal is the first end node; and in response to determining that the destination of the second signal is the first end node, transmitting the second signal through the second path.

A network element (NE) includes a receiver configured to receive an Information-Centric Media Access Control (i-MAC) frame, a processor operably coupled to the receiver and configured to determine whether an i-MAC table includes routing information for the i-MAC Based Frame, and a transmitter operably coupled to the processor and configured to route the i-MAC Based Frame based on the i-MAC table when the i-MAC table includes information corresponding to the i-MAC Based Frame, and route the i-MAC Based Frame based on a layer 2 (L2) MAC Address Table when the i-MAC table does not contain information corresponding to the i-MAC Based Frame.