A method for synchronizing a binding process among a group of network devices connected to a server that is multi-homed to the group of network devices in provided. The method is executed by a first network device among the group of network devices and includes: receiving, from the server, network traffic associated with a host executing on the server; configuring, using the network traffic, a binding between the first network device and the host and setting a binding status of the first network device for the host to a first status; and transmitting, in response to the setting and via an out-of-band (OOB) channel to a second network device among the plurality of network devices, first binding instructions for causing the second network device set a binding status of the second network device for the host to a second status different from the first status.

A wireless emergency stop system includes a machine safety device connected to a machine stop circuit for stopping operation of a machine when the machine stop circuit is activated. The machine safety device includes a wireless communication interface. The system also includes a mobile device controller configured to control operation of the machine, and a safety stop device. The safety stop device includes a wireless communication interface for wireless communication with the machine safety device, and an emergency stop switch configured to, when activated, transmit an emergency stop signal to the machine safety device to trigger an emergency stop of the machine. The mobile device controller is configured to link with the safety stop device via short-range wireless communication.

Techniques for management of traffic in a network. The techniques provide application awareness in a Network Address Translation (NAT) system. In some examples, a first traffic is received at a first switch in a network from a first application hosted behind the first switch. The first switch identifies a first resource tag associated with the application from the first traffic. Further, the first switch identifies a first rule from the first resource tag indicating that the first traffic is to be routed through an intermediate device that performs network address translation. Moreover, the first switch transmits the traffic to an intermediate device, which perform NAT to translate the source IP address of the first traffic to a second IP address. Finally, the intermediate device sends the traffic to a destination device indicated by the first traffic.

Techniques are described for extending a cellular quality of service bearer through an enterprise fabric network. In one example, a method obtaining, by a first switch of a network, a packet to be delivered to a client connected to the network via a cellular access point; identifying quality of service (QoS) bearer information associated with the packet, wherein the QoS bearer information is associated with a radio access bearer for the client and the QoS bearer information comprises a bearer indicator and a QoS class identifier; providing a fabric tunnel encapsulation for the packet, wherein the bearer indicator and the QoS class identifier are included within the fabric tunnel encapsulation of the packet; and forwarding the packet within the fabric tunnel encapsulation toward a second switch of the network via a fabric tunnel, wherein the cellular access point is connected to the network via the second switch.

A method for providing fixed-mobile convergence capabilities and/or device discovery capabilities within a telecommunications network includes: a specific client device or user equipment is connected to or connects to the home gateway device in order to connect to the telecommunications network; the home gateway device uses the connection to the specific client device or user equipment to initiate an exchange of messages according to an authentication or key exchange protocol, wherein the authentication or key exchange protocol is an extensible authentication protocol (EAP) or an enhanced authentication and key agreement (AKA), wherein identity information of the specific client device or user equipment is transmitted to the home gateway device as part of at least one message of the authentication or key exchange protocol; and the authentication or key exchange protocol is prematurely terminated.

Embodiments of a station (STA) and method of communication are generally described herein. The STA may be included in a first plurality of STAs affiliated with a first multi-link logical entity (MLLE). A plurality of links may be established between the first MLLE and a second MLLE, wherein the second MLLE may be affiliated with a second plurality of STAs. The STA may receive a first subset of a sequence of MAC protocol data units (MPDUs). A second subset of the sequence of MPDUs may be transmitted by another STA of the first plurality of STAs. The STA may transmit a block acknowledgement (BA) frame that includes: a number of BA bitmaps, configurable to values greater than or equal to one; and BA control information for each of the BA bitmaps.

Methods, systems, and devices relate to digital wireless communication, and more specifically, to techniques relating to dynamic change MAC address of the station for subsequent transmissions. In one exemplary aspect, a method of dynamic change MAC address includes specifying a MAC address change mode and a new MAC address to be used by the station. In another exemplary aspect, a method of dual MAC address change mode in the dynamic change MAC address mechanism includes separating the unchanged MAC address of the station from the changeable MAC address of the station, and keep the mapping between them. In another exemplary aspect, a method includes transmitting a MAC address change request message from the station (or the access point) to initiate the MAC address change procedure. In another exemplary aspect, a method includes receiving a MAC address change response message from the access point (or the station).

A traffic forwarding method includes determining, by a first network device, a first address resolution protocol (ARP) entry of the access device, where the first ARP entry is used to indicate a mapping relationship among a media access control (MAC) address, an Internet Protocol (IP) address, and an egress port, the egress port includes a standby egress port, and the first network device is connected to the protection link through the standby egress port, receiving traffic sent by a network side, determining whether a fault exists in the first multi-chassis link aggregation group (MC-LAG) link, and when the first network device determines that a fault exists in the first MC-LAG link, sending the traffic to the second network device through the protection link based on a standby egress port number in the first ARP entry, where the standby egress port number is used to indicate the standby egress port.

This application provides a packet transmission method, apparatus, and system, and relates to the field of network technologies. The method is applied to a network architecture including a user terminal, a first forwarding device and a second forwarding device. A tunnel is disposed between the first forwarding device and the second forwarding device. The method includes: The first forwarding device receives packets forwarded by the user terminal in the load balancing mode, where the packets include a keepalive packet, and the first forwarding device is a standby forwarding device corresponding to the user terminal. The first forwarding device forwards the keepalive packet to the second forwarding device through the tunnel, where the second forwarding device is an active forwarding device corresponding to the user terminal.

Wireless communications are described. A wireless device may determine a first transmission power for a first signal and a second transmission power for a second signal. The wireless device may reduce signal transmission power of one or more of the first signal or the second signal, based on a calculated power value exceeding an allowable transmission power. The wireless device may reduce the signal transmission power during an overlap period or a non-overlap period, based on a duration of an overlap of the first signal with the second signal.