A telecommunications receiver is adapted to communicate with mobile devices that operate according to a protocol where the telecommunications receiver operates outside of expected ranges for the protocol but modifies its communications with mobile devices to appear to those mobile devices as being within the expected ranges. To determine what modifications to make to transmissions, the telecommunication receiver processes signals from mobile devices to determine where a communications channel is relative to the expected ranges and uses that information to modify transmissions to mobile devices. The expected ranges might relate to maximum distance between telecommunications receiver and a mobile device, maximum relative velocity, power etc. Determining a relative velocity, and therefore a Doppler shift, can be done by determining a fractional frequency offset, determining an expected subchannel, and determining an integer frequency offset based on the expected subchannel carrier frequency and the measured carrier frequency.

A method of frequency-offset determination includes: receiving a resource block containing one or more auxiliary frequency-offset estimation signals and pilot signals from a second device; and calculating the one or more auxiliary frequency-offset estimation signals and the pilot signals to determine a frequency offset for demodulating the resource block. At least one of the first device or the second device is a vehicle.

A method and an apparatus for carrier frequency-offset determination and a storage medium are provided. The method includes the following. A first carrier initial frequency-offset is obtained according to a pilot time interval and a pilot phase difference of a first carrier. A second carrier frequency-offset is obtained according to a carrier frequency-ratio of a second carrier to the first carrier and the first carrier initial frequency-offset. A first carrier frequency-offset is obtained according to the first carrier initial frequency-offset.

Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to wireless communication devices, systems comprising wireless communication devices, and to an apparatus, a method and a computer program for a wireless communication device. The apparatus comprises a transceiver module for transmitting and receiving wireless transmissions. The apparatus comprises a processing module that is configured to control the transceiver module. The processing module is configured to communicate with a further wireless communication device via the transceiver module. The communication with the further wireless communication device is based on a transmission of data frames between the wireless communication device and the further wireless communication device. Each data frame is based on a two-dimensional grid in a time-frequency plane having a time dimension resolution and a frequency dimension resolution. The processing module is configured to select a communication mode from a plurality of communication modes for the communication between the wireless communication device and the wireless communication device. The communication mode defines a combination of a frequency dimension resolution and a time dimension resolution of the two-dimensional grid in the time-frequency plane. The communication mode is selected from the plurality of communication modes based on an estimated self-interference of the plurality of communication modes.

A method and an apparatus for carrier frequency-offset determination and a storage medium are provided. The method includes the following. A first carrier initial frequency-offset is obtained according to a pilot time interval and a pilot phase difference of a first carrier. A second carrier frequency-offset is obtained according to a carrier frequency-ratio of a second carrier to the first carrier and the first carrier initial frequency-offset. A first carrier frequency-offset is obtained according to the first carrier initial frequency-offset.

A device may selectively listen for a tracking reference signal (TRS) during connected mode discontinuous reception (CDRx) based on whether the device is to switch between repeaters of a base station (such as during travel). A device may determine whether the device is in a high speed train (HST) scenario (such as based on a difference in frequency errors generated using a synchronization signal block (SSB) and generated using a TRS, based on a trajectory of a frequency error or a frequency error difference over time, based on instantaneous frequency errors, etc.). When the device is in a HST scenario, the device listens for a TRS during CDRx, and the device generates a frequency error using the TRS. When the device is not in a HST scenario, the device prevents listening for a TRS during CDRx (with a SSB received during CDRx to be used to generate a frequency error).

The invention relates to an integrated sensing and communication system based on a mobile communication signal, belonging to the field of wireless communication. In this system, a synchronization sequence embedding module is added at a sending end of a node, which is configured for embedding a primary synchronization sequence and a secondary synchronization sequence into a radio frequency signal to be sent and then outputting the radio frequency signal to a digital modulation module; a primary synchronization sequence-assisted ranging accuracy improvement algorithm module and a secondary synchronization sequence-assisted speed measurement accuracy improvement algorithm module is newly added at a receiving end of a node; a target node range and a target node speed output by a two-dimensional range-Doppler radar processing algorithm module are compensated by using the autocorrelation characteristics of the primary/secondary synchronization sequences in a synchronization broadcast block to obtain more accurate target node range and target node speed. The invention effectively improves the sensing accuracy of the existing OFDM integrated system based on fixed frame structure, improves the accuracy of identifying the target node's motion information, and maximizes the sensing ability through flexible deployment of subcarriers to improve the node's own environmental adaptability.

A telecommunications receiver is adapted to communicate with mobile devices that operate according to a protocol where the telecommunications receiver operates outside of expected ranges for the protocol but modifies its communications with mobile devices to appear to those mobile devices as being within the expected ranges. To determine what modifications to make to transmissions, the telecommunication receiver processes signals from mobile devices to determine where a communications channel is relative to the expected ranges and uses that information to modify transmissions to mobile devices. The expected ranges might relate to maximum distance between telecommunications receiver and a mobile device, maximum relative velocity, power etc. Determining a relative velocity, and therefore a Doppler shift, can be done by determining a fractional frequency offset, determining an expected subchannel, and determining an integer frequency offset based on the expected subchannel carrier frequency and the measured carrier frequency.

A device may selectively listen for a tracking reference signal (TRS) during connected mode discontinuous reception (CDRx) based on whether the device is to switch between repeaters of a base station (such as during travel). A device may determine whether the device is in a high speed train (HST) scenario (such as based on a difference in frequency errors generated using a synchronization signal block (SSB) and generated using a TRS, based on a trajectory of a frequency error or a frequency error difference over time, based on instantaneous frequency errors, etc.). When the device is in a HST scenario, the device listens for a TRS during CDRx, and the device generates a frequency error using the TRS. When the device is not in a HST scenario, the device prevents listening for a TRS during CDRx (with a SSB received during CDRx to be used to generate a frequency error).

Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to wireless communication devices, systems comprising wireless communication devices, and to an apparatus, a method and a computer program for a wireless communication device. The apparatus comprises a transceiver module for transmitting and receiving wireless transmissions. The apparatus comprises a processing module that is configured to control the transceiver module. The processing module is configured to communicate with a further wireless communication device via the transceiver module. The communication with the further wireless communication device is based on a transmission of data frames between the wireless communication device and the further wireless communication device. Each data frame is based on a two-dimensional grid in a time-frequency plane having a time dimension resolution and a frequency dimension resolution. The processing module is configured to select a communication mode from a plurality of communication modes for the communication between the wireless communication device and the wireless communication device. The communication mode defines a combination of a frequency dimension resolution and a time dimension resolution of the two-dimensional grid in the time-frequency plane. The communication mode is selected from the plurality of communication modes based on an estimated self-interference of the plurality of communication modes.