Embodiments described herein provide for an election procedure, in a high availability (“HA”) environment, for a backup controller to assume operations performed by a master controller in the event that the master controller becomes unreachable. The master controller may be associated with (e.g., provisioned on) the same set of hardware as one or more worker nodes, and may control operation of the one or more worker nodes. The election procedure may be performed based on performance metrics, location, or efficiency metrics associated with candidate backup controllers (e.g., cloud-based backup controllers), including performance of communications between particular backup controllers and the one or more worker nodes.

A server system including a first server to execute first role, other server to execute at other role, spare server and management layer server. The management layer server is configured to allocate first group of users to access first server and other group of users to access other server, receive status information sent by first server and status information sent by other server, analyse status information to determine an operational status of first server and operational status of other server, update role of spare server to first role when operational status of first server indicates failed state and reallocate first group of users to the spare server, and update a role of another spare server to the other role when the operational status of the other server indicates a failed state and reallocate the other group of users to the other spare server.

A server system including a first server to execute first role, other server to execute at other role, spare server and management layer server. The management layer server is configured to allocate first group of users to access first server and other group of users to access other server, receive status information sent by first server and status information sent by other server, analyse status information to determine an operational status of first server and operational status of other server, update role of spare server to first role when operational status of first server indicates failed state and reallocate first group of users to the spare server, and update a role of another spare server to the other role when the operational status of the other server indicates a failed state and reallocate the other group of users to the other spare server.

A first base station (BS) transmitting a secondary node (SN) Addition Request message to a second BS for a communication device; receiving a SN Addition Request Acknowledge message from the second BS, wherein the SN Addition Request Acknowledge message comprises a first plurality of configurations which configure the communication device to communicate with the second BS and configure a data radio bearer (DRB) which is a SCG split bearer; transmitting a first message comprising the first plurality of configurations to the communication device, wherein the second BS communicates with the communication device according to the first plurality of configurations; receiving a second message indicating the SCG failure from the communication device; initiating a SN Modification procedure with the second BS to recover the SCG failure, or transmitting a third message configuring the DRB to be a master cell group bearer or a MCG split bearer to the communication device.

A first base station (BS) transmitting a secondary node (SN) Addition Request message to a second BS for a communication device; receiving a SN Addition Request Acknowledge message from the second BS, wherein the SN Addition Request Acknowledge message comprises a first plurality of configurations which configure the communication device to communicate with the second BS and configure a data radio bearer (DRB) which is a SCG split bearer; transmitting a first message comprising the first plurality of configurations to the communication device, wherein the second BS communicates with the communication device according to the first plurality of configurations; receiving a second message indicating the SCG failure from the communication device; initiating a SN Modification procedure with the second BS to recover the SCG failure, or transmitting a third message configuring the DRB to be a master cell group bearer or a MCG split bearer to the communication device.

A method includes: a first node monitors a status of a connection between the first node and a center system, and switches to the standby node working mode when the status of the connection between the first node and the center system is disconnected. The center system monitors a status of a connection between the center system and the first node, and sends a switch-to-master command to a second node when the status of the connection between the center system and the first node is disconnected. The second node switches to the master node working mode based on the switch-to-master command. Accordingly, whether a master node is switched to a standby node is determined through connectivity detection between the node and the center system, and whether a standby node is switched to a master node is determined based on an indication of the center system.

Example security systems for use between at least one upstream router and at least one downstream router, are described. A group or pool of security devices can be used to provide stateful security to bidirectional packet flows between upstream and downstream routers. The packets of the bidirectional flows are forwarded to particular security devices based on a consistent hash ring process. For a given flow, bidirectional state information is synchronized among some, but not all, of the security devices. The security devices among which such bidirectional flow state information is shared are determined using the same consistent hash ring process.

Example security systems for use between at least one upstream router and at least one downstream router, are described. A group or pool of security devices can be used to provide stateful security to bidirectional packet flows between upstream and downstream routers. The packets of the bidirectional flows are forwarded to particular security devices based on a consistent hash ring process. For a given flow, bidirectional state information is synchronized among some, but not all, of the security devices. The security devices among which such bidirectional flow state information is shared are determined using the same consistent hash ring process.

Rapid channel failure detection and recovery in wireless communication networks is needed in order to meet, among other things, carrier class Ethernet channel standards. Thus, resilient wireless packet communications is provided using a physical layer link aggregation protocol with a hardware-assisted rapid channel failure detection algorithm and load balancing, preferably in combination. This functionality may be implemented in a Gigabit Ethernet data access card with an engine configured accordingly. In networks with various topologies, these features may be provided in combination with their existing protocols.

Rapid channel failure detection and recovery in wireless communication networks is needed in order to meet, among other things, carrier class Ethernet channel standards. Thus, resilient wireless packet communications is provided using a physical layer link aggregation protocol with a hardware-assisted rapid channel failure detection algorithm and load balancing, preferably in combination. This functionality may be implemented in a Gigabit Ethernet data access card with an engine configured accordingly. In networks with various topologies, these features may be provided in combination with their existing protocols.