Enabling a protocol for efficiently and reliably using the NVME protocol over a network, referred to as NVME over Network, or NVMEoN, may include an NVMEoN exchange layer for handling exchanges between initiating and target nodes on a network, a burst transmission protocol that provides guaranteed delivery without duplicate retransmission, and an exchange status block approach to manage state information about exchanges.

A receiving circuit of a communications link comprises: a first data buffer configured to input, under control of a first clock signal, data of a first data stream transmitted by a transmitting circuit, and to generate a credit trigger signal indicating when a data value is read from the first data buffer, wherein data is read from the first data buffer, or from a further data buffer coupled to the output of the first data buffer, under control of a second clock signal; and a credit generation circuit configured to generate, based on the credit trigger signal, a credit signal for transmission to the transmitting circuit under control of the first clock signal, the credit signal indicating that one or more further data values of the first data stream can be transmitted by the transmitting circuit.

In an embodiment, a system includes a plurality of integrated circuits have subsets of a plurality of agents. The plurality of integrated circuits may have network segments implemented wholly (e.g., entirely) within the respective integrated circuits and may have segment to segment (S2S) network interface circuits to couple to other network segments of a plurality of network segment forming a network among the plurality of agents.

A computer-implementation method includes receiving a data packet; identifying a virtual queue from a list of virtual queues to which the data packet pertains; and determining whether the identified virtual queue size exceeds a threshold maximum size. When the first size does not exceed the threshold maximum size, the identified virtual queue is increased based on a size of the data packet and the data packet is forwarded. The method further includes setting a virtual queue from the list of virtual queues as a target queue; determining a service capacity based on an update time interval and increasing a credit allowance based on the service capacity. The target queue is reduced by an amount based on the credit allowance size, and the credit allowance is reduced by the same amount.

Deterministic real-time multi-protocol heterogeneous packet-based transport is achieved by traffic shaping. When receiving a plurality of packets from a root complex where contents of each packet from the plurality of packets organized in accordance with a first protocol, a sequence number is added to each packet and a packet type is identified. Every packet in the first plurality of packets is encapsulated into at least one packet organized in accordance with a second protocol to form a second plurality of packets organized in accordance with the second protocol. All the packets from the second plurality of packets pass traffic scheduling or traffic shaping prior being sent via a plurality of connections to avoid burstiness and to achieve bounded transport latency in the plurality of connections, thereby providing deterministic real-time behavior in distributed systems.

A switch is provided for routing packets in an interconnection network. The switch includes egress ports to transmit packets, and ingress ports to receive packets. The switch also includes a buffer capacity circuit configured to obtain local buffer capacity for buffers configured to buffer packets transmitted via the switch. The switch also includes a telemetry circuit configured to receive telemetry flow control units from next switches coupled to the switch. Each telemetry flow control unit corresponds to buffer capacity at a respective next switch. The switch also includes a network capacity circuit configured to compute network capacity for transmitting packets to a destination based on the telemetry flow control units and the local buffer capacity. The switch also includes a routing circuit configured to receive packets via the ingress ports, and route the packets to the destination, via the egress ports, with bandwidth proportional to the network capacity.

A cable distribution system includes a head end connected to a plurality of customer devices through a transmission network that includes a remote fiber node, that converts received data to analog data suitable to be provided on a coaxial cable for the plurality of customer devices. The cable distribution system includes a license manager.

An apparatus includes an input interface to receive incoming packets from a first network device and an output interface to send outgoing packets to a second network device. Media access control security (MACsec) circuitry is coupled between the input interface and the output interface. Bypass flow-control (FC) circuitry is coupled between the input interface and the MACsec circuitry. The bypass FC circuitry is to detect an FC packet in the incoming packets and pass the FC packet passively to the output interface to enable end-to-end flow control directly between the first network device and the second network device.

This application discloses a method for controlling traffic in a packet-based network. In the method, after receiving a control packet from a transmit end, an intermediate node between the transmit end and the receive end sends a control packet at the head of a first control queue based on first duration, wherein the first duration is obtained based on a committed burst size (CBS) and a first committed information rate (CIR), and the intermediate node is configured to send a packet of a first transmit end to a first receive end in the packet-based network. After sending the control packet in the control queue, the intermediate node sends a first data packet set at the head of a data queue based on the sent control packet, wherein the first data packet set comprises C data packets, and C is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

A device allocates buffer space for storing data received from another device. The other device has a credit balance corresponding to the amount of buffer space. A sending device reduces its number of credits by a cost of a packet and sends the packet. To ensure that the buffer does not overflow, the sending device spends a credit for each entry in the buffer that could be consumed by the sent data packet. When received data is added to the buffer without consuming a new entry, a response packet that returns a credit is sent to the sending device before the data is read from the buffer. Thus, the sending device is enabled to continue sending data without waiting for the buffer to be read, enabling the communication between the two devices to make more efficient use of the buffer.