Accommodation design for wavelength and sub-λ paths in a communication network is performed. If sub-λ path accommodation is possible according to search for a wavelength path present in a single-hop logical route, the accommodation in the wavelength path is executed. If sub-λ path accommodation is possible according to search for a wavelength path present in a multi-hop logical route, a logical route is selected based on the wavelength path and the sub-λ path is accommodated in the wavelength path. Additionally, each physical route suitable for the sub-λ path accommodation is searched for. If the route can accommodate a wavelength path set in a single-hop logical route by available wavelength allocation, the sub-λ path is accommodated in the wavelength path. Furthermore, routes in consideration of overlapping of nodes, pipelines, and links and operation rate are selected based on information about the start and end nodes of each of redundant routes.

A system is proposed to provide handover in a mobile telecommunications environment, particularly applicable to 3GPP networks, which does not increase signalling overhead but minimises user data loss during handover. In the modified system, PDCP SDUs with Sequence numbers are buffered and retransmitted as necessary. At the time of handover, SDUs not received by the user device are forwarded to the target base station for forward transmission to the UE. The handover procedure is designed to minimise packet loss whilst keeping to a minimum the duplication of packet transmission over the air interface.

Disclosed herein is a method and system for utilizing a digital data capture device in conjunction with a Bluetooth (BT) enabled mobile device for publishing data and multimedia content on one or more websites automatically or with minimal user intervention. A client application is provided on the BT enabled mobile device. In the absence of inbuilt BT capability, a BT communication device is provided on the digital data capture device. The BT communication device is paired with the BT enabled mobile device to establish a connection. The client application detects capture of data and multimedia content on the digital data capture device and initiates transfer of the captured data, multimedia content, and associated files. The digital data capture device transfers the captured data, multimedia content, and the associated files to the client application. The client application automatically publishes the transferred data and multimedia content on one or more websites.

Disclosed herein is a method and system for utilizing a digital data capture device in conjunction with a Bluetooth (BT) enabled mobile device for publishing data and multimedia content on one or more websites automatically or with minimal user intervention. A client application is provided on the BT enabled mobile device. In the absence of inbuilt BT capability, a BT communication device is provided on the digital data capture device. The BT communication device is paired with the BT enabled mobile device to establish a connection. The client application detects capture of data and multimedia content on the digital data capture device and initiates transfer of the captured data, multimedia content, and associated files. The digital data capture device transfers the captured data, multimedia content, and the associated files to the client application. The client application automatically publishes the transferred data and multimedia content on one or more websites.

Deterministic real-time multi-protocol heterogeneous packet-based transport is achieved by traffic shaping. When receiving a plurality of packets from a root complex where contents of each packet from the plurality of packets organized in accordance with a first protocol, a sequence number is added to each packet and a packet type is identified. Every packet in the first plurality of packets is encapsulated into at least one packet organized in accordance with a second protocol to form a second plurality of packets organized in accordance with the second protocol. All the packets from the second plurality of packets pass traffic scheduling or traffic shaping prior being sent via a plurality of connections to avoid burstiness and to achieve bounded transport latency in the plurality of connections, thereby providing deterministic real-time behavior in distributed systems.

Deterministic real-time multi-protocol heterogeneous packet-based transport is achieved by traffic shaping. When receiving a plurality of packets from a root complex where contents of each packet from the plurality of packets organized in accordance with a first protocol, a sequence number is added to each packet and a packet type is identified. Every packet in the first plurality of packets is encapsulated into at least one packet organized in accordance with a second protocol to form a second plurality of packets organized in accordance with the second protocol. All the packets from the second plurality of packets pass traffic scheduling or traffic shaping prior being sent via a plurality of connections to avoid burstiness and to achieve bounded transport latency in the plurality of connections, thereby providing deterministic real-time behavior in distributed systems.

Method and network device for providing redundancy in an industrial network includes a first port group connected to a first network segment of the industrial network, and includes a switch module that has a plurality of southbound ports, wherein at least one southbound port is connected to a corresponding end device, where each port group has a pair of redundant northbound ports connected to a link redundancy entity having two or more interlinked ports connectable to one or more south-bound ports of switch module based on network topology for enabling redundant links between end devices connected to the southbound ports and the first network segment.

A method for communication includes mapping transport sequence numbers in headers of data packets received from a network to respective buffers in a memory of a host computer. At least a part of the data from payloads of the received data packets is written directly to the respective buffers.

A method for communication includes mapping transport sequence numbers in headers of data packets received from a network to respective buffers in a memory of a host computer. At least a part of the data from payloads of the received data packets is written directly to the respective buffers.

Examples described herein relate to offload reliable transport management to a network interface device and store packets to be resent, based on received packet receipt acknowledgements (ACKs), into one or more kernel space queues that are also accessible in user space.