Flag information associated with the current block is obtained in coded information, which indicates whether the current block is intra predicted based at least in part on an intra mode derivation. In response to the flag information being true, a plurality of candidate intra modes is determined based on neighboring samples of the current block. A first intra mode of the current block is determined based on a first syntax element that is included in the coded information. The first syntax element indicates the first intra mode of the current block from a most probable mode (MPM) list and a MPM remainder. A second intra mode of the current block is determined based on the first intra mode and the plurality of candidate intra modes. The current block is reconstructed based on the first intra mode and the second intra mode.

An image decoding method performed by a decoding device according to the present disclosure comprises the steps of: obtaining prediction-related information and indication information comprising a first flag which indicates whether or not a sample adaptive offset (SAO) process to be applied to a current block is applied at a picture level or a slice level; parsing information related to the SAO process from a picture header or a slice header on the basis of the first flag; generating prediction samples for the current block on the basis of the prediction-related information; generating reconstructed samples for the current block on the basis of the prediction samples; and performing the SAO process for the reconstructed samples on the basis of the information related to the SAO process.

An image decoding method performed by a decoding device according to the present disclosure comprises the steps of: obtaining prediction-related information and indication information comprising a first flag which indicates whether or not a sample adaptive offset (SAO) process to be applied to a current block is applied at a picture level or a slice level; parsing information related to the SAO process from a picture header or a slice header on the basis of the first flag; generating prediction samples for the current block on the basis of the prediction-related information; generating reconstructed samples for the current block on the basis of the prediction samples; and performing the SAO process for the reconstructed samples on the basis of the information related to the SAO process.

A method for intra-prediction of a current block includes selecting peripheral pixels of the current block, where the peripheral pixels are used to generate a prediction block for the current block; for each prediction pixel of the prediction block, performing steps including selecting two respective pixels of the peripheral pixels; and calculating the prediction pixel by interpolating at least the two respective pixels; and coding a residual block corresponding to a difference between the current block and the prediction block.

According to one embodiment of the present document, a (decoded) picture can be split into sub-pictures. Information related to the sub-pictures can be acquired by means of a decoding device, and a decoding procedure can be performed on the basis of the information related to the sub-pictures. In one embodiment, the decoding device can determine, on the basis of the information about the sub-pictures, the location in which information related to locations of virtual boundaries for in-loop filtering is signaled.

According to one embodiment of the present document, a (decoded) picture can be split into sub-pictures. Information related to the sub-pictures can be acquired by means of a decoding device, and a decoding procedure can be performed on the basis of the information related to the sub-pictures. In one embodiment, the decoding device can determine, on the basis of the information about the sub-pictures, the location in which information related to locations of virtual boundaries for in-loop filtering is signaled.

A video encoding method includes: decoding a target coding unit to obtain a quantization coefficient matrix corresponding to the target coding unit; determining first reference information according to a quantization coefficient in the quantization coefficient matrix; obtaining a value of a target flag bit corresponding to the first reference information, the target flag bit being a flag bit of a target sub-block position, the target sub-block position being a position of a sub-block that requires processing of residual data in a coding unit; and determining the target sub-block position of the target coding unit according to the value of the target flag bit. A flag bit of a sub-block transform position or a transform skip sub-block position in a target coding unit is implicitly indicated using a quantization coefficient in a quantization coefficient matrix corresponding to a coding unit.

A video encoding method includes: decoding a target coding unit to obtain a quantization coefficient matrix corresponding to the target coding unit; determining first reference information according to a quantization coefficient in the quantization coefficient matrix; obtaining a value of a target flag bit corresponding to the first reference information, the target flag bit being a flag bit of a target sub-block position, the target sub-block position being a position of a sub-block that requires processing of residual data in a coding unit; and determining the target sub-block position of the target coding unit according to the value of the target flag bit. A flag bit of a sub-block transform position or a transform skip sub-block position in a target coding unit is implicitly indicated using a quantization coefficient in a quantization coefficient matrix corresponding to a coding unit.

This application provides a method for predicting a point cloud attribute, an encoder, a decoder, and a storage medium. During point cloud attribute prediction, different selection policies for target adjacent points are designed according to the distribution of repetition points, to determine at least one target adjacent point of a target point, and attribute prediction is performed on the target point according to reconstructed attribute information of the at least one target adjacent point, thereby improving the efficiency and accuracy of point cloud attribute prediction.

This application provides a method for predicting a point cloud attribute, an encoder, a decoder, and a storage medium. During point cloud attribute prediction, different selection policies for target adjacent points are designed according to the distribution of repetition points, to determine at least one target adjacent point of a target point, and attribute prediction is performed on the target point according to reconstructed attribute information of the at least one target adjacent point, thereby improving the efficiency and accuracy of point cloud attribute prediction.