A method and decoding unit for decoding a compressed data structure that encodes a set of Haar coefficients for a 2×2 quad of pixels of a block of pixels. The set of Haar coefficients comprises a plurality of differential coefficients and an average coefficient. A first portion of the compressed data structure encodes the differential coefficients for the 2×2 quad of pixels. A second portion of the compressed data structure encodes the average coefficient for the 2×2 quad of pixels. The first portion of the compressed data structure is used to determine signs and exponents differential coefficients which are non-zero. The second portion of the compressed data structure is used to determine a representation of the average coefficient. The result of a weighted sum of the differential coefficients and the average coefficient for the 2×2 quad of pixels is determined using: (i) the determined signs and exponents for the differential coefficients which are non-zero, (ii) the determined representation of the average coefficient, and (iii) respective weights for the differential coefficients. The determined result is used to determine the decoded value. The determined decoded value is outputted.

A method and encoding unit for encoding a block of pixels into a compressed data structure determines a set of Haar coefficients for a 2×2 quad of pixels of the block of pixels, which set includes a plurality of differential coefficients and an average coefficient. A first portion of the compressed data structure is determined using the differential coefficients and includes a first set of bits which indicates an order of the magnitudes of the differential coefficients, and a second set of bits which indicates a sign and an exponent for each of one or more of the differential coefficients which are non-zero. A second portion of the compressed data structure is determined using the average coefficient determined for the 2×2 quad of pixels. The compressed data structure is stored.

A method for processing image or video data is performed in an image processing pipeline. Color filtered mosaiced raw image or video data is received. A one-level wavelet transform of subbands of the color filtered mosaiced raw image or video data to provide LL, HH, LH and HL subbands. The LH and HL subbands are de-correlated by summing and difference operations to provide decorrelated sum and difference subbands. Additional n-level wavelet transformation on the sum and difference subbands and the LL and HH subbands to provide sparsified subbands for encoding. LL and HH and sum subbands are recombined into standard color images e.g., red, green, and blue color components, which are subsequently processed by color correction, white balance, and gamma correction. The sparsified subbands are encoded.

A method for processing image or video data is performed in an image processing pipeline. Color filtered mosaiced raw image or video data is received. A one-level wavelet transform of subbands of the color filtered mosaiced raw image or video data to provide LL, HH, LH and HL subbands. The LH and HL subbands are de-correlated by summing and difference operations to provide decorrelated sum and difference subbands. Additional n-level wavelet transformation on the sum and difference subbands and the LL and HH subbands to provide sparsified subbands for encoding. LL and HH and sum subbands are recombined into standard color images e.g., red, green, and blue color components, which are subsequently processed by color correction, white balance, and gamma correction. The sparsified subbands are encoded.

An apparatus for decoding a sequence of pictures from a data stream is configured for decoding a picture of the sequence by: deriving a residual transform signal of the picture from the data stream; combining the residual transform signal with a buffered transform signal of a previous picture of the sequence so as to obtain a transform signal of the picture, the transform signal representing the picture in spectral components; and subjecting the transform signal to a spectral-to-spatial transformation, wherein the buffered transform signal comprises a selection out of spectral components representing the previous picture.

An apparatus for decoding a sequence of pictures from a data stream is configured for decoding a picture of the sequence by: deriving a residual transform signal of the picture from the data stream; combining the residual transform signal with a buffered transform signal of a previous picture of the sequence so as to obtain a transform signal of the picture, the transform signal representing the picture in spectral components; and subjecting the transform signal to a spectral-to-spatial transformation, wherein the buffered transform signal comprises a selection out of spectral components representing the previous picture.

A video processing method is provided to include performing a conversion between a video including a plurality of pictures each including at least one slice and a bitstream of the video, wherein the bitstream conforms to a format rule; wherein the format rule specifies that a first flag in the bitstream indicates whether a picture header syntax structure of a picture is included in a slice header of a slice of the picture; and wherein the format rule specifies that, responsive to any of six flags in a picture parameter set associated with the picture is equal to 1, the first flag is equal to 0.

Provided is an image decoding method including: generating an intra prediction value of a current sample based on a position of the current sample in a current block and an intra prediction mode of the current block; determining, based on the position of the current sample in the current block, a sample value of at least one filtering reference sample to be filtered and a first weight with respect to the filtering reference sample and a second weight with respect to the intra prediction value of the current sample; generating a filtered prediction sample value of the current sample based on the determined sample value of the filtering reference sample to be filtered, the intra prediction value of the current sample, the first weight with respect to the filtering reference sample, and the second weight with respect to the intra prediction value of the current sample; and generating a prediction block of the current block, the prediction block including the filtered prediction sample value of the current sample.

Provided is an image decoding method including: generating an intra prediction value of a current sample based on a position of the current sample in a current block and an intra prediction mode of the current block; determining, based on the position of the current sample in the current block, a sample value of at least one filtering reference sample to be filtered and a first weight with respect to the filtering reference sample and a second weight with respect to the intra prediction value of the current sample; generating a filtered prediction sample value of the current sample based on the determined sample value of the filtering reference sample to be filtered, the intra prediction value of the current sample, the first weight with respect to the filtering reference sample, and the second weight with respect to the intra prediction value of the current sample; and generating a prediction block of the current block, the prediction block including the filtered prediction sample value of the current sample.

A method includes performing a conversion between a video unit of a video and a bitstream of the video, wherein the bitstream conforms to a format rule, and wherein the format rule specifies that a syntax element indicating whether an in-loop filtering operation is performed across slice boundaries is selectively included in the bitstream based on whether or how the video unit is partitioned into slices.