A display apparatus includes a display panel configured to display an image and including a first to a fifth regions, at least one first and fourth sound generating devices in a left region of a rear surface of the display panel and in the first and fourth regions, at least one second and fifth sound generating device in a right region of the rear surface and in the second and fifth regions, and at least one third sound generating device in a center region of the rear surface and in the third region. The at least one first to third sound generating devices is configured to vibrate the display panel to generate sound, and the at least one fourth and fifth sound generating devices is configured to vibrate the display panel to generate sound in a direction upwards from the display panel.

Example electronic devices that may be implemented to generate an audio output via a resonance are disclosed. A received resonance sample of an audio output is categorized with a neural network to obtain an inference profile. The received resonance sample corresponding with an equalization setting. The equalization setting for the audio output is adjusted based on the inference profile.

A display device includes: a display panel including a first substrate, a second substrate, and a light emitting element layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, where the light emitting element outputs light to the second substrate; a first sound generator disposed on a surface of the first substrate, where the first sound generator vibrates the display panel to output a sound; and a first buffer member disposed on the surface of the first substrate, where a height of the first buffer member is less than a height of the first sound generator.

The present embodiment relates to a double-faced display device generating sound by directly vibrating a display panel and includes: a first display panel and a second display panel disposed at the front and rear surface thereof, respectively; a single sound generating actuator connected to the first display panel and the second display panel to simultaneously vibrate the first display panel and the second display panel and thus generate sound; and a support part configured to support the sound generating actuator, the first display panel, and the second display panel. The present embodiment does not require a separate speaker and thus can achieve a thin or slim display device, and can improve the localization or the quality of sound output in opposite directions in the double-faced display device.

A vibration apparatus includes a substrate, an elastic piece, a magnetic component and at least two coils. The substrate abuts on a display panel of a mobile terminal; the at least two cods are fixed on an inner side surface of the substrate; the inner side surface faces away from the display panel; the at least two coils are disposed coaxially; and axes of the at least two coils are perpendicular to the substrate. A first side surface of the elastic piece abuts on the inner side surface of the substrate; the magnetic component is connected to a second side surface of the elastic piece; the second side surface is disposed away from the first side surface. The at least two cods are at least in part accommodated in an annular accommodating groove of the magnetic component.

A display apparatus includes: a display panel configured to display an image, and at least one vibration module on a rear surface of the display panel, the at least one vibration module including a piezoelectric composite layer including a plurality of sub-modules configured to vibrate the display panel, each of the plurality of sub-modules including: a plurality of first portions including a piezoelectric characteristic, and a plurality of second portions having flexibility, each of the plurality of second portions being between a respective pair of the plurality first portions, wherein the plurality of first portions in the respective sub-modules are arranged in a same direction or are partially arranged in different directions.

Audio device and method for designing and making a diaphragm, the audio device comprising a diaphragm having a curved profile adapted for radiation of audio signals from a plurality of bending modes and a piston mode, one or more of the plurality of bending modes having coincident nodal line locations, the diaphragm having a frontal side and a rear side, and a transducer coupled to the rear side of the diaphragm, the transducer adapted for driving the diaphragm for radiation of audio signals having reduced audio distortion, wherein the plurality of bending modes each have minima locations throughout the diaphragm, and wherein the transducer is mounted on one of the minima locations of the plurality of bending modes and one or more impedance components are mounted on at least one of the remaining minima locations to inertially balance the diaphragm based on a pre-determined relative mean modal velocity limit.

An air-pulse generating device includes a membrane structure, a valve structure, and a cover structure. A chamber is formed between the membrane structure, the valve structure and the cover structure. An air wave vibrating at an operating frequency is formed within the chamber. The valve structure is configured to be actuated to perform an open-and-close movement to form at least one opening. The at least one opening connects air inside the chamber with air outside the chamber. The open-and-close movement is synchronous with the operating frequency.

Systems and methods of driving plate loudspeakers with different parameters based on frequency region in a way similar to typical cone driver crossover networks are described. These systems and methods may be implemented using arrays of independently controlled drivers which allow a designer to emphasize or de-emphasize certain modes in certain frequency bands. Tuning the characteristics of the plate's motion can also affect the acoustical properties in a larger space rather than just at a single location. The systems and methods described herein can grant a designer a degree of control over the characteristics and performance of the plate.

A panel audio loudspeaker includes a panel extending in a plane and an actuator coupled to the panel and configured to couple vibrations to the panel to cause the panel to emit audio waves. The actuator includes a rigid frame attached to a surface of the panel and the frame includes a portion extending perpendicular to the panel surface. The actuator also includes an elongate flexure attached at one end to the portion of the frame extending perpendicular to the panel surface, the flexure extending parallel to the plane and having a first width where the flexure is attached to the frame different from a second width where the flexure is unattached to the frame. The actuator further includes an electromechanical module attached to a portion of the flexure unattached to the frame, the electromechanical module being configured to displace an end of the flexure during operation of the actuator.