Embodiments are directed towards systems and methods for user plane function (UPF) and network slice load balancing within a 5G network. Example embodiments include systems and methods for load balancing based on current UPF load and thresholds that depend on UPF capacity; UPF load balancing using predicted throughput of new UE on the network based on network data analytics; UPF load balancing based on special considerations for low latency traffic; UPF load balancing supporting multiple slices, maintaining several load-thresholds for each UPF and each slice depending on the UPF and network slice capacity; and UPF load balancing using predicted central processing unit (CPU) utilization and/or predicted memory utilization of new UE on the network based on network data analytics.

Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication. In some aspects, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node may receive a data packet associated with a timing parameter. The IAB may insert a time stamp into the data packet, based at least in part on the timing parameter, the time stamp associated with a reference time that is known among one or more additional IAB nodes within a path associated with the data packet. Numerous other aspects are described.

This invention flexibly controls the number of user planes in a communication system. In a communication system, a base station is in a local area network and at least one user plane function arranged in a cloud are connected. A determination is made as to whether or not a new user plane function should be added, taking into consideration: the traffic amount, from the maximum traffic amount using the local area network, of user data transferred by the at least one user plane function using the local area network; and an anticipated traffic amount of a new user plane function.

A network environment includes a communication management resource, a first wireless station, and a second wireless station. The communication management resource initially allocates a first wireless channel to the first wireless station; the first wireless channel is selected from multiple available wireless channels. The communication management resource detects that a second wireless station is a substitute to the first wireless station. For example, the second wireless station is substituted as a replacement to the first wireless station. In response to the detecting that the second wireless station is a substitute to the first wireless station, the communication management resource allocates the first wireless channel to the second wireless station.

Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, computing a first time gap associated with a completion of a first transfer of first data via a first network connection and a completion of a second transfer of second data via a second network connection that is different from the first network connection, determining, based on the computing of the first time gap, that the first time gap exceeds a threshold, and adjusting, based on the determining, respective shares of third data that are to be transferred via the first network connection and the second network connection. Other embodiments are disclosed.

The invention relates to a method for efficiently discarding data packets destined to a mobile station connected to both a master base station and a secondary base station. The master base station configures a secondary discard function in a lower layer of the secondary base station, based on the master discard function in the higher layer of the master base station. The master base station forwards the data packet from the higher layer to the lower of the secondary base station. The secondary discard function of the lower layer at the secondary base station discards the received data packet upon expiry of the secondary timer started by the lower layer upon reception of the data packet from the higher layer at the master base station.

A control apparatus controls communication when a first communication apparatus configured to perform communication based on scheduling by using a first frequency and a second communication apparatus configured to perform communication by using a second frequency that allows communication without being based on scheduling concurrently communicate with a third communication apparatus. The control apparatus obtains information indicating the load state of the second communication apparatus and decides the distribution of data transmitted to the third communication apparatus with respect to the first communication apparatus and the second communication apparatus based on the information.

This application provides a data transmission method and apparatus. The method includes: A first access point detects a channel. If the first access point detects an idle first channel, the first access point sends a first trigger frame to at least one second access point, where the first trigger frame is used to trigger the at least one second access point to send data on the first channel after a first preset time period elapses. In this way, an existing CSMA channel detection mechanism may be compatible with the method, and a conflict caused by contention of a plurality of APs for a channel at the same time can be avoided, which helps improve network transmission efficiency, and helps improve transmission performance.

A method in an access network (200) including a radio access network (100) and a packet data network gateway (P-GW) includes receiving (702), at a network node (510) in the access network, a service setup request (615) from an external service via a packet switched data communication network (580), wherein the service setup request is to set up a packet switched connection between the external service and a wireless terminal (10) served by the radio access network, negotiating (704) a quality of service, QoS, level with the external service for the packet switched connection, wherein the QoS level includes a plurality of QoS parameters including a minimum QoS duration, and causing (706) the packet data network gateway to establish a bearer (410) between the packet data network gateway and the wireless terminal, the bearer having the QoS level.

Embodiments of the present disclosure disclose a method, an apparatus and a system for acquiring control information, and belong to the field of communication technology. The method includes: receiving indication information sent by a base station, wherein the indication information is configured to indicate a standby bandwidth part (BWP) that is used when a BWP switching failure occurs, and the BWP indicated by the indication information is any of a BWP at Which a terminal works currently, a BWP at which the terminal works previously, and a preset BWP; switching to the BWP indicated by the indication information when detecting that the BWP switching failure occurs; and receiving control information corresponding to the terminal that is sent by the base station at the BWP indicated by the indication information. According to the present disclosure, the possibility of getting offline by the terminal may be reduced.