Systems and methods are described herein for pre-steering traffic within a telecommunications network. In some embodiments, the systems and methods pre-steer traffic by steering user devices to optimal or suitable frequency bands of a network before the user devices begin streaming content and/or performing other actions via the network.

A path selection apparatus for selecting a path when storing sensor reports from lower nodes in a packet and transmitting the packet to an upper node in a sensor tree including a plurality of nodes includes a node movement unit that selects a first node holding a child node under the first node in the sensor tree, and moves a second node under the subtree with the first node as a vertex to a position under a third node not belonging to the subtree in the sensor tree when a movement of the second node to the position under the third node decreases a total number of packets to be transmitted and received in the sensor tree.

A path selection apparatus for selecting a path when storing sensor reports from lower nodes in a packet and transmitting the packet to an upper node in a sensor tree including a plurality of nodes includes a node movement unit that selects a first node holding a child node under the first node in the sensor tree, and moves a second node under the subtree with the first node as a vertex to a position under a third node not belonging to the subtree in the sensor tree when a movement of the second node to the position under the third node decreases a total number of packets to be transmitted and received in the sensor tree.

A Long Term Evolution (LTE) network connects wireless communication devices to an Internet. In the LTE network, a Packet Data Network Gateway (P-GW) exchanges user communications between the wireless communication devices and the Internet. The P-GW determines a number of additional wireless communication devices the P-GW can serve and transfers the number to a Mobility Management Entity (MME). The MME allocates a new wireless communication device to the P-GW based on the number of additional wireless communication devices reported by the P-GW. The MME may redirect one of the wireless communication devices to the P-GW based on the number.

A Long Term Evolution (LTE) network connects wireless communication devices to an Internet. In the LTE network, a Packet Data Network Gateway (P-GW) exchanges user communications between the wireless communication devices and the Internet. The P-GW determines a number of additional wireless communication devices the P-GW can serve and transfers the number to a Mobility Management Entity (MME). The MME allocates a new wireless communication device to the P-GW based on the number of additional wireless communication devices reported by the P-GW. The MME may redirect one of the wireless communication devices to the P-GW based on the number.

A method comprising receiving, at a first equipment acting as a donor node connected to a core network part of the wireless network, from a second equipment, information relating to each of a plurality of different communications paths from the second equipment to the first equipment via one or more other equipment acting as relay nodes, determining, based on the received information, that either at least a part of a new communications path exists between the first of the equipment and the second of the equipment or at least a part of a previously known communications path no longer exists between the first of the equipment and the second of the equipment, and updating a communications path list by either adding the at least the part of the new communications path or deleting the at least the part of the previously known communications path that no longer exists.

A method comprising receiving, at a first equipment acting as a donor node connected to a core network part of the wireless network, from a second equipment, information relating to each of a plurality of different communications paths from the second equipment to the first equipment via one or more other equipment acting as relay nodes, determining, based on the received information, that either at least a part of a new communications path exists between the first of the equipment and the second of the equipment or at least a part of a previously known communications path no longer exists between the first of the equipment and the second of the equipment, and updating a communications path list by either adding the at least the part of the new communications path or deleting the at least the part of the previously known communications path that no longer exists.

A method of establishing one or more links for an integrated access and backhaul for a network, where the network includes a non-terrestrial node and a terrestrial node, includes determining a plurality of links to form between a non-terrestrial node and a number of nodes in the network and causing the plurality of links to be formed. The method also includes determining a plurality of routing paths for backhaul between the non-terrestrial node to a central server, providing instructions for backhaul between the non-terrestrial node and the central server using the plurality of routing paths, and transmitting a first set of data to backhaul via a first routing path of the plurality of routing paths and a second set of data to backhaul via a second routing path of the plurality of routing paths.

An optical path design device includes: a search unit configured to search for one or more route possibilities from a start point to an end point in an optical network including one or more transmission paths as links and a plurality of node devices as nodes on the basis of topology information of the optical network, information on the start point, and information on the end point; a time derivation unit configured to derive available time which is time at which a frequency band including one or more frequency slots becomes available for communication for each of the transmission paths or the node devices included in the route; and a design unit configured to select the route from the one or more route possibilities that have been searched for on the basis of the available time derived for each of the transmission paths or the node devices and select a frequency band of an optical signal to be transmitted through an optical path in the selected route.

An optical path design device includes: a search unit configured to search for one or more route possibilities from a start point to an end point in an optical network including one or more transmission paths as links and a plurality of node devices as nodes on the basis of topology information of the optical network, information on the start point, and information on the end point; a time derivation unit configured to derive available time which is time at which a frequency band including one or more frequency slots becomes available for communication for each of the transmission paths or the node devices included in the route; and a design unit configured to select the route from the one or more route possibilities that have been searched for on the basis of the available time derived for each of the transmission paths or the node devices and select a frequency band of an optical signal to be transmitted through an optical path in the selected route.