A broadband communication system provides broadband communication services onboard an aircraft. The broadband communication system includes a satellite communication transceiver, a direct air-to-ground communication (DA2GC) transceiver, and a controller. The satellite communication transceiver is configured to communicate directly with a target satellite providing a satellite communication data pathway with a satellite ground station connected to ground networks. The DA2GC transceiver is configured to communicate directly with a DA2GC ground station providing an DA2GC data pathway with the ground networks. The controller is configured to control handoff between the satellite communication transceiver and the DA2GC transceiver for data communications between the broadband communications system and the ground networks, based on performance of at least one of the satellite communication data pathway and the DA2GC data pathway.

A broadband communication system provides broadband communication services onboard an aircraft. The broadband communication system includes a satellite communication transceiver, a direct air-to-ground communication (DA2GC) transceiver, and a controller. The satellite communication transceiver is configured to communicate directly with a target satellite providing a satellite communication data pathway with a satellite ground station connected to ground networks. The DA2GC transceiver is configured to communicate directly with a DA2GC ground station providing an DA2GC data pathway with the ground networks. The controller is configured to control handoff between the satellite communication transceiver and the DA2GC transceiver for data communications between the broadband communications system and the ground networks, based on performance of at least one of the satellite communication data pathway and the DA2GC data pathway.

A flow control method and an apparatus, the method including receiving, by a first integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, a radio link failure (RLF) notification from a second IAB node, where the first IAB node is a child node of the second IAB node and the second IAB node is a parent node of the first IAB node, and rerouting, by the first IAB node, based on the RLF notification, uplink data that corresponds to N backhaul adaptation protocol (BAP) routing identifiers, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

A flow control method and an apparatus, the method including receiving, by a first integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, a radio link failure (RLF) notification from a second IAB node, where the first IAB node is a child node of the second IAB node and the second IAB node is a parent node of the first IAB node, and rerouting, by the first IAB node, based on the RLF notification, uplink data that corresponds to N backhaul adaptation protocol (BAP) routing identifiers, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

A communication apparatus is provided that establishes a wireless LAN communication by handover. The communication apparatus communicates with an external apparatus through a first communication path. The communication apparatus includes a storage unit that store a communication parameter used for communicating with the external apparatus through a second communication path, a communication establishment control unit that performs control to establish communication with the external apparatus through the second communication path using the communication parameter stored, and a communication parameter change control unit that performs control to change the communication parameter stored in the external apparatus that establishes communication through the second communication path. The communication parameter change control unit prohibits change of the communication parameter stored in the external apparatus that establishes communication through the second communication path when the communication through the second communication path is established by switching from communication through the first communication path.

A communication apparatus is provided that establishes a wireless LAN communication by handover. The communication apparatus communicates with an external apparatus through a first communication path. The communication apparatus includes a storage unit that store a communication parameter used for communicating with the external apparatus through a second communication path, a communication establishment control unit that performs control to establish communication with the external apparatus through the second communication path using the communication parameter stored, and a communication parameter change control unit that performs control to change the communication parameter stored in the external apparatus that establishes communication through the second communication path. The communication parameter change control unit prohibits change of the communication parameter stored in the external apparatus that establishes communication through the second communication path when the communication through the second communication path is established by switching from communication through the first communication path.

The present disclosure relates to a load balancing for a control in a wireless communication system. According to a various embodiments of the present disclosure, a method for operating a base station in a wireless communication system comprises determining a mobility of a terminal, and responsive to the mobility exceeding a threshold, transmitting, to the terminal, a message for requesting the terminal to process a control plane of the terminal with at least one other base station.

The present disclosure provides a method for supporting UE access control. A base station is informed by a ProSe Function via a MME or informed by the MIME of information indicating whether a UE is authorized for a D2D service. The base station performs an access control to the UE according to the information indicating whether the UE is authorized for the D2D service. The present disclosure further provides a method in which a source base station informs a target base station of the information indicating whether the UE is authorized for a D2D service. The target base station performs an access control according to the information.

The present disclosure provides a method for supporting UE access control. A base station is informed by a ProSe Function via a MME or informed by the MIME of information indicating whether a UE is authorized for a D2D service. The base station performs an access control to the UE according to the information indicating whether the UE is authorized for the D2D service. The present disclosure further provides a method in which a source base station informs a target base station of the information indicating whether the UE is authorized for a D2D service. The target base station performs an access control according to the information.

Provisioning and communicating physical signals and channels in NR networks having a first subset of transmit and receive points that use a first cell ID and a second subset of transmit and receive points that use a second cell ID. Operations include transmitting from, and receiving from, a first transmit and receive point a first signal or channel wherein the first signal or channel is based on a first user equipment (UE) specific parameter assigned via the first subset of transmit and receive points and transmitting from, and receiving from, the first transmit and receive point the plurality of transmit and receive points a second signal or channel wherein the second signal or channel is based on a second UE specific parameter assigned via the second subset of transmit and receive points. A transmit and receive point and a UE for implementing the operations are also disclosed.