A split radio access architecture comprises a packet processing node and one or more baseband processing nodes. The packet processing node receives, from a baseband processing node, first feedback corresponding to air interface congestion between the baseband processing node and a wireless device receiving packets from the baseband processing node. The packet processing node also receives, from the baseband processing node, second feedback corresponding to transport network congestion of a transport interface between the packet processing node and the baseband processing node. The packet processing node transmits user data to the baseband processing node based on the received first and second feedback.

A split radio access architecture comprises a packet processing node and one or more baseband processing nodes. The packet processing node receives, from a baseband processing node, first feedback corresponding to air interface congestion between the baseband processing node and a wireless device receiving packets from the baseband processing node. The packet processing node also receives, from the baseband processing node, second feedback corresponding to transport network congestion of a transport interface between the packet processing node and the baseband processing node. The packet processing node transmits user data to the baseband processing node based on the received first and second feedback.

Systems, methods and computer software are disclosed for providing multi-User Equipment (UE) and multi-message support in tunnel management messages. In one embodiment, a method is disclosed, comprising: determining, for a first node and a second node using GPRS Tunneling Protocol (GTP) tunneling support for UE management, if the first node and the second node support multi-UE messaging; when the first node and the second node support multi-UE messaging, then switching to multi-UE multi-messaging mode wherein a chain of messages are formed; and when at least one of the first node and second node do not support multi-UE messaging, then using conventional tunnel management messaging.

In a grant based system, a user equipment (UE) sends data in an uplink in a request-grant process. The UE first sending a scheduling request, a gNodeB processing the request and scheduling a grant sometime in future, then UE then either sending data if the grant is sufficient or requesting for another grant with more capacity to accommodate data sending. Such a proceeding could cause serious latency in network access. Described in the present patent disclosure are embodiments to reduce the access time by giving proactive grants through inspecting downlink (DL) data sent to the UE or uplink data being transmitted from the UE. The uplink data may be predictive since it maybe in lieu of requirement for sending a TCP acknowledgement for the DL TCP data scheduled earlier. For voice calls, a ML system for system may be deployed to predict when proactive UL grants may be given.

An apparatus may include a microprocessor and a wireless communication interface configured to perform at least one of receiving a first radio signal or transmitting a second radio signal. The microprocessor may be configured to execute at least one of a base-band encoder software program or a base-band decoder software program. The apparatus may be further configured to execute a wireless communication protocol selector software program that may be configured to optimize a value of a user-defined criterion in order to dynamically select at least one of a wireless communication network, a wireless communication protocol, and a parameter of a wireless communication protocol.

An apparatus may include a microprocessor and a wireless communication interface configured to perform at least one of receiving a first radio signal or transmitting a second radio signal. The microprocessor may be configured to execute at least one of a base-band encoder software program or a base-band decoder software program. The apparatus may be further configured to execute a wireless communication protocol selector software program that may be configured to optimize a value of a user-defined criterion in order to dynamically select at least one of a wireless communication network, a wireless communication protocol, and a parameter of a wireless communication protocol.

There is provided a communication relay device including at least one memory, and at least one processor coupled to the at least one memory, respectively, and the at least one processor configured to relay messages exchanged between a first wireless-base-station and a first wireless-network-side-device, or between a second wireless-base-station and a second wireless-network-side-device, acquire, from the messages, first and second statistic-information related to call processing between first and second wireless-base-stations and first and second wireless-network-side-devices, respectively, determine, in accordance with a number of first and second terminal-devices coupled to the first and second wireless-base-stations, respectively, included in first second statistic-information, respectively, an order of establishment of first and second communication sessions between the first and second wireless-base-stations and the first and second wireless-network-side-devices, respectively, and establish, when switching of a path of relaying a communication is performed, the first and second communication sessions in accordance with the order of establishment.

There is described a computer implemented method for efficient aggregation of a Television White Space (TVWS) spectrum for backhaul use, said method comprising: providing a TVWS conversion substrate with a single antenna for combining multiple non-contiguous chunks of TVWS spectrum with said single antenna; providing a Multi-Path transport protocol; and providing an uncoupled, cross-layer congestion control algorithm for Multi-path Transmission Control Protocol (MPTCP).

The present disclosure relates to a communication method and system for converging a 5.sup.th-Generation (5G) communication system for supporting higher data rates beyond a 4.sup.th-Generation (4G) system with a technology for Internet of Things (IoT). The present disclosure may be applied to intelligent services based on the 5G communication technology and the IoT-related technology, such as smart home, smart building, smart city, smart car, connected car, health care, digital education, smart retail, security and safety services. A method for processing a packet by a transmission device in a wireless communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises the steps of: checking whether a data radio bearer (DRB) mapped to a quality of service (QoS) flow changes from a first DRB to a second DRB; and when the DRB changes from the first DRB to the second DRB, transmitting, to a reception device, information on a last packet transmitted through the first DRB in the QoS flow.

A broadcast signal transmission method comprises outputting an RoHC channel that includes one or more RoHC streams and a signaling table that includes information related to header compression by performing header compression for Internet Protocol (IP) packets, which include broadcast data, in accordance with an adaptation mode, a header of each IP packet including an IP header and a User Datagram Protocol (UDP) header, generating at least one first link layer packet that includes the RoHC channel and generating at least one second link layer packet that includes the signaling table, and physical layer processing the at least one first link layer packet and the at least one second link layer packet and transmitting through one or more Physical Layer Pipes (PLPs), wherein the signaling table includes adaptation mode information indicating the adaptation mode, and each RoHC stream in the RoHC channel includes RoHC packets.