A method of manufacturing an interconnect structure includes forming an opening through a dielectric layer. The opening exposes a top surface of a first conductive feature. The method further includes forming a barrier layer on sidewalls of the opening, passivating the exposed top surface of the first conductive feature with a treatment process, forming a liner layer over the barrier layer, and filling the opening with a conductive material. The liner layer may include ruthenium.

In a general aspect, a quantum control device includes a substrate having a substrate surface. An insulator layer is disposed over the substrate surface and defines a cavity. The insulator layer includes an insulator surface that defines an opening to the cavity. The quantum control device also includes a field-responsive layer over the insulator surface. The field-responsive layer includes a target region that resides over the opening to the cavity. The quantum control device additionally includes a projection extending from the substrate into the cavity and terminating at a tip. The projection is configured to produce an electric field that interacts with a quantum state in the target region. The tip resides in the cavity and configured to concentrate the electric field produced by the projection.

Structures and formation methods of a semiconductor device structure are provided. The semiconductor device structure includes a plurality of nanostructures over a substrate, and a gate electrode surrounding the nanostructures. The semiconductor device structure includes a source/drain portion adjacent to the gate electrode, and a semiconductor layer between the gate electrode and the source/drain portion.

A method of manufacturing an interconnect structure includes forming an opening through a dielectric layer. The opening exposes a top surface of a first conductive feature. The method further includes forming a barrier layer on sidewalls of the opening, passivating the exposed top surface of the first conductive feature with a treatment process, forming a liner layer over the barrier layer, and filling the opening with a conductive material. The liner layer may include ruthenium.

A process for etching a substrate comprising polycrystalline silicon to form silicon nanostructures includes depositing metal on top of the substrate and contacting the metallized substrate with an etchant aqueous solution comprising about 2 to about 49 weight percent HF and an oxidizing agent.

Techniques are disclosed for forming transistor devices having reduced parasitic contact resistance relative to conventional devices. The techniques can be implemented, for example, using a standard contact stack such as a series of metals on, for example, silicon or silicon germanium (SiGe) source/drain regions. In accordance with one example such embodiment, an intermediate boron doped germanium layer is provided between the source/drain and contact metals to significantly reduce contact resistance. Numerous transistor configurations and suitable fabrication processes will be apparent in light of this disclosure, including both planar and non-planar transistor structures (e.g., FinFETs), as well as strained and unstrained channel structures. Graded buffering can be used to reduce misfit dislocation. The techniques are particularly well-suited for implementing p-type devices, but can be used for n-type devices if so desired.

A method includes depositing a sacrificial layer on a first dielectric layer over a substrate; applying a first patterning process, a second patterning process, a third patterning process to the sacrificial layer to form a first group of openings, a second group of openings and a third group of openings, respectively, in the sacrificial layer, wherein three first openings from three different patterning processes form a first side, a second side and a first angle between the first side and the second side, and three second openings from the three different patterning processes form a third side, a fourth side and a second angle between the third side and the fourth side, wherein the first angle is approximately equal to the second angle and forming nanowires based on the first group of openings, the second group of openings and the third group of openings.

A method for forming a vertical single electron transistor includes forming a heterostructured nanowire having a SiGe region centrally disposed between an upper portion and a lower portion in the nanowire. An oxide is deposited to cover the SiGe region, and a condensation process is performed to convert the SiGe to oxide and condense Ge to form an island between the upper portion and the lower portion of the nanowire. A bottom contact is formed about the lower portion, a first dielectric layer is formed on the bottom contact and a gate structure is formed about the island on the first dielectric layer. A second dielectric layer is formed on the gate structure, and a top contact is formed on the second dielectric layer.

A method of fabricating a vertical field effect transistor including forming a first recess in a substrate; epitaxially growing a first drain from the first bottom surface of the first recess; epitaxially growing a second drain from the second bottom surface of a second recess formed in the substrate; growing a channel material epitaxially on the first drain and the second drain; forming troughs in the channel material to form one or more fin channels on the first drain and one or more fin channels on the second drain, wherein the troughs over the first drain extend to the surface of the first drain, and the troughs over the second drain extend to the surface of the second drain; forming a gate structure on each of the one or more fin channels; and growing sources on each of the fin channels associated with the first and second drains.

The disclosed technology generally relates to semiconductor devices, and more particularly to transistor devices comprising multiple channels. In one aspect, a method of fabricating a transistor device comprises forming on the substrate a plurality of vertically repeating layer stacks each comprising a first layer, a second layer and a third layer stacked in a predetermined order, wherein each of the first, second and third layers is formed of silicon, silicon germanium or germanium and has a different germanium concentration compared to the other two of the first, second and third layers. The method additionally includes selectively removing the first layer with respect to the second and third layers from each of the layer stacks, such that a gap interposed between the second layer and the third layer is formed in each of the layer stacks. The method further includes selectively removing the second layer from each of the layer stacks with respect to the third layer, wherein removing the second layer comprises at least partially removing the second layer through the gap, thereby defining the channels comprising a plurality of vertically arranged third layers.