A semiconductor device, includes a source and drain bottom epitaxial layer positioned on top of a dielectric substrate. A metal gate is positioned on top of the bottom epitaxial layer. A source and drain top epitaxial layer is positioned on top of the metal gate. A first and second semiconductor channel pass vertically from the source and drain top epitaxial layer through the metal gate to the source and drain bottom epitaxial layer. First and second metal contacts are conductively coupled to the first and second semiconductor channels. First and second metal vias are formed on a backside of the source and drain bottom epitaxial layer and arranged in conductive contact with the first and second semiconductor channels. A metal layer is formed on a backside of the first and second metal vias.

A method includes forming a fin structure including first and second sacrificial layers and first and second channel layers over a substrate; forming a dummy gate structure across the fin structure; forming gate spacers on opposite sides of the dummy gate structure; forming first source/drain epitaxial layers on opposite sides of the first channel layer; forming second source/drain epitaxial layers on opposite sides of the second channel layer; removing the dummy gate structure and the first and second sacrificial layers to form a gate trench defined by the gate spacers; forming an oxynitride layer in the gate trench to surround the first channel layer; forming a dipole layer to surround the oxynitride layer; performing an anneal process to drive dipole dopants into the oxynitride layer; and depositing a high-k gate dielectric layer and a work function metal layer in the gate trench to form a gate structure.

A material stack comprising a plurality of bi-layers, each bi-layer comprising two semiconductor material layers, is fabricated into a transistor structure including a first stack of channel materials that is coupled to an n-type source and drain and in a vertical stack with a second stack of channel materials that is coupled to a p-type source drain. Within the first stack of channel material layers a first of two semiconductor material layers may be replaced with a first gate stack while within the second stack of channel materials a second of two semiconductor material layers may be replaced with a second gate stack.

Methods of manufacturing and processing semiconductor devices (i.e., electronic devices) are described. Embodiments of the disclosure advantageously provide electronic devices which comprise an integrated dipole region to meet reduced thickness and lower thermal budget requirements. The electronic devices described herein comprise a source region, a drain region, and a channel separating the source region and the drain region, and a dipole region having an interfacial layer, a metal film substantially free of non-metal atoms on the interfacial layer, and a high- dielectric layer on the metal film. In some embodiments, the dipole region of the electronic devices comprises an interfacial layer, a high- dielectric layer on the interfacial layer, and a metal film on the high- dielectric layer. In some embodiments, the methods comprise annealing the substrate to drive particles of metal from the metal film into one or more of the interfacial layer or the high- dielectric layer.

Semiconductor device and the manufacturing method thereof are disclosed. An exemplary method comprises forming a first stack structure and a second stack structure in a first area over a substrate, wherein each of the stack structures includes semiconductor layers separated and stacked up; depositing a first interfacial layer around each of the semiconductor layers of the stack structures; depositing a gate dielectric layer around the first interfacial layer; forming a dipole oxide layer around the gate dielectric layer; removing the dipole oxide layer around the gate dielectric layer of the second stack structure; performing an annealing process to form a dipole gate dielectric layer for the first stack structure and a non-dipole gate dielectric layer for the second stack structure; and depositing a first gate electrode around the dipole gate dielectric layer of the first stack structure and the non-dipole gate dielectric layer of the second stack structure.

A semiconductor device includes: a first active pattern extended in a first direction on a substrate; a second active pattern extended in the first direction and spaced apart from the first active pattern in a second direction on the substrate; a field insulating layer between the first active pattern and the second active pattern on the substrate; a first gate electrode on the first active pattern; a second gate electrode on the second active pattern; and a gate isolation structure separating the first gate electrode and the second gate electrode from each other on the field insulating layer, wherein a width of the gate isolation structure in the second direction varies in a downward direction from the upper isolation pattern.

Embodiments of this disclosure relate to methods for removing a dummy material from under a superlattice structure. In some embodiments, after removing the dummy material, it is replaced with a bottom dielectric isolation layer beneath the superlattice structure.

A device includes a bottom transistor, a top transistor, and an epitaxial isolation structure. The bottom transistor includes a first channel layer, first source/drain epitaxial structures, and a first gate structure. The first source/drain epitaxial structures are on opposite sides of the first channel layer. The first gate structure is around the first channel layer. The top transistor is over the bottom transistor and includes a second channel layer, second source/drain epitaxial structures, and a second gate structure. The second source/drain epitaxial structures are on opposite sides of the second channel layer. The second gate structure is around the second channel layer. The epitaxial isolation structure is between and in contact with one of the first source/drain epitaxial structures and one of the second source/drain epitaxial structures, such that the one of the first source/drain epitaxial structures is electrically isolated from the one of the second source/drain epitaxial structures.

An integrated circuit includes a driver cell and at least one transmission cell. The driver cell includes a first active area and a second active area, and a first conductive line coupled to the first active area and the second active area on a back side of the integrated circuit. The at least one transmission cell having a second cell height includes a third active area and a fourth active area, a second conductive line coupled to the third active area and the fourth active area on the back side of the integrated circuit, and a conductor coupled to the third active area and the fourth active area. The integrated circuit further includes a third conductive line coupled between the first conductive line and the second conductive line on the back side to transmit a signal between the driver cell and the at least one transmission cell.

A semiconductor device including a substrate including a division region extending in a first direction, first and second active patterns on the substrate with the division region interposed therebetween, the first and the second active patterns being spaced apart from each other in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, gate electrodes extending in the first direction and crossing the first and second active patterns, a first channel pattern on the first active pattern, and a second channel pattern on the second active pattern may be provided. The smallest width of the first active pattern may be smaller than the smallest width of the second active pattern, in the first direction. An end portion of the first channel pattern adjacent to the division region may include a protruding portion extending in the first direction, and the protruding portion may have a triangle shape in a plan view.