An ink composition for a light-emitting device includes a phosphine oxide-based charge transporting organic material, a first solvent represented by Formula 1, a second solvent represented by Formula 2, and a third solvent that is polar aprotic. A light-emitting device includes a layer prepared with the in composition. An electronic apparatus includes the light-emitting device:

HOR.sub.1(O).sub.mR.sub.2OH  [Formula 1]

R.sub.11OR.sub.12  [Formula 2]

A method for manufacturing an organic electronic element capable of reducing unevenness in film thickness of a coating film is disclosed. A method for manufacturing an organic electronic element according to an embodiment of the invention is a method for manufacturing an organic electronic element including a functional layer containing an organic material, including a coating step of forming a functional layer by horizontally conveying a base material (110) having flexibility using a roll-to-roll process and coating a coating solution containing an organic material onto the base material (110) using a slit coat applicator (30) disposed above the base material (110), wherein in the coating step, the base material (110) is floated by air using an air floating stage (20) disposed below the base material (110) and the coating solution is coated onto the base material (110).

An inkjet printing apparatus includes a surface acoustic wave module including an inner passage and a surface acoustic wave generator around the inner passage; and an outflow passage connected to the surface acoustic wave module to discharge ink, where the outflow passage includes a first outflow passage connected to the inner passage to discharge first ink particles and a second outflow passage connected to the inner passage to discharge second ink particles having an average diameter smaller than that of the first ink particles, and the surface acoustic wave generator is closer to the second outflow passage than the first outflow passage.

A method for manufacturing a photoelectric conversion element includes providing a base structure including a semiconductor substrate having a principal surface, a first electrode located on or above the principal surface, second electrodes which are located on or above the principal surface and which are one- or two-dimensionally arranged, and a photoelectric conversion film covering at least the second electrodes; forming a mask layer on the photoelectric conversion film, the mask layer being conductive and including a covering section covering a portion of the photoelectric conversion film that overlaps the second electrodes in plan view; and partially removing the photoelectric conversion film by immersing the base structure and the mask layer in an etchant.

Disclosed are an electroluminescent polymer based on phenanthroimidazole units, a preparation method therefor, and the use thereof. The electroluminescent polymer based on phenanthroimidazole units has a structure as shown in the formula (I), and the side chain thereof contains phenanthroimidazole units. The electroluminescent polymer (1) has the properties of hybridized local and charge-transfer states, which can improve the utilization of excitons and the electroluminescence properties of devices by means of reverse inter-system crossing to effectively utilize triplet state excitons; (2) the phenanthroimidazole unit has a large degree of conjugation and a strong rigidity, which can not only improve the thermal stability of a material, but can also increase the radiation transition rate of the material and improve the light-emitting efficiency thereof; and (3) the raw materials of the polymer are cheap, the synthetic route is simple, and purification is convenient, which is beneficial for industrial scaled-up production thereof. The polymer has a good solubility, and can be used to prepare large-area flexible display devices by means of a solution processing technology. The polymer has great development potential and prospects in the field of organic electronic display.

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A method for manufacturing a display device includes: a step of forming a first recess, in a planarization film, overlapping a first lower electrode; a step of forming a first lower functional layer in the first recess to have a thickness lower than a depth of the first recess; a step of disposing a first screen, which has an opening corresponding to the first recess, on the planarization film, and coating the first lower functional layer with a first light-emitting layer; a step of sliding a squeegee in contact with the first screen to squeegee the first light-emitting layer and, after the squeegeeing, removing the first screen; and a step of sliding the squeegee in contact with the planarization film to squeegee the first light-emitting layer again.

The present disclosure provides a substrate comprising a printing area, wherein the printing area comprises a flat surface and a plurality of separation structures projecting from the flat surface, wherein the plurality of separation structures divide the printing area into a plurality of micro-areas, and in each of the micro-areas, a circular region containing no separation structure has a maximum diameter between 5 μm and 10 μm. The present disclosure further provides a light emitting device comprising the substrate and a method for manufacturing the substrate.

Embodiments of the disclosed subject matter provide a device including a micronozzle array having separate redundant groups of depositors that each include a delivery aperture disposed between two exhaust apertures. The device may include a first row of depositors of a first redundant group, each of which may be connected in parallel to first common delivery lines and first common exhaust lines. The device may include a second row of depositors of a second redundant group, each of which is connected in parallel to second common delivery and second common exhaust lines. The first row of depositors and the second row of depositors may operate independently from one another. The device may be disposed within a deposition chamber and in proximity of a substrate.

Embodiments of the disclosed subject matter provide a device including a micronozzle array having separate redundant groups of depositors that each include a delivery aperture disposed between two exhaust apertures. The device may include a first row of depositors of a first redundant group, each of which may be connected in parallel to first common delivery lines and first common exhaust lines. The device may include a second row of depositors of a second redundant group, each of which is connected in parallel to second common delivery and second common exhaust lines. The first row of depositors and the second row of depositors may operate independently from one another. The device may be disposed within a deposition chamber and in proximity of a substrate.

A method of forming a halide perovskite nanocrystal array having a plurality of halide perovskite nanocrystals arranged in a pattern can include coating an array of pens with a first ink comprising at least one first perovskite precursor having the formula AX and at least one second perovskite precursor having the formula BX′.sub.2 dissolved in a solvent. A is a cation, B is a metal, and X and X′ are each a halogen. The method further includes contacting a substrate with the coated pen array to thereby deposit the first ink indias a pattern of printed indicia on the substrate. The printed indicia form nanoreactors on the substrate and a halide perovskite nanocrystal nucleates and grows within each nanoreactor to form the halide perovskite nanocrystal array.