Topological superconductive and memristive nanostructured toroidal-tower array devices are invented for direct electrochemical sensing of multiple biomarkers based on the biomimetic glucose . . . pyruvate . . . acetyl CoA (ACoA) fuel energy pathway of mitochondria. The device comprises flexible fractional Josephson junctions (FFJJ) made of innate organometallic protein cross-linked with conductive polymers forming a first layer membrane on the electrode surface, a medium comprising of glucose and acetyl CoA (ACoA) molecules (as the GA medium), serves as an insulator or a conductor when pyruvate molecules activated the medium, and the second layer comprising of an innate Heat Shock Protein (HSP) cross-linked with the similar polymers on top of the first layer. Cooper-pairs reentry between the state of superconductivity at room temperature and the memristive state are enabled through a molecular “Valve” GA medium activated by a biomarker to switch the electron move in a 3D horizontal-vertical pathway from low Josephson frequency to high Josephson frequency, enabled the device to direct sensitive and quantitative sensing multiple-biomarkers without antibody or labeling, wherein many applications are discussed.

A strain engineered material including a monolayer graphene sheet comprising an array of wrinkles induced by deformations in the graphene sheet, the deformations formed by a lattice of underlying nanostructures on a substrate. The lattice of nanostructures comprises rows of the nanostructures and each of the wrinkles comprise a ridge aligned on top of a different one of the rows and along an alignment direction defined by the rows. The deformations pattern a strain distribution in the graphene sheet that induces a periodically varying pseudo magnetic field distribution ranging between a positive value and a negative values. The periodically varying pseudo magnetic field distribution has field magnitude minima located parallel to and between the ridges and field magnitude maxima located near to and parallel to each of the ridges and can be designed for various valleytronic and spintronic device applications.

Disclosed is a kinetic energy harvest and electrical energy storage feedback cell that combines the 2-dimensional superconductor behaviour induced by a ferroelectric-metal with a quantum. Hall Effect placed within two conductor/semiconductor materials with different chemical potentials. The feedback corresponding to external and internal conduction and tunnelling of the electrons in the cell allows the electrical potential difference to increase during discharge of the cell with a load. The feedback cell harvests kinetic energy, heat and store electrostatic and electrochemical energy that at room temperature the supercurrent can be induced during several years in feedback and can be used as part of a transistor, a computer, a photovoltaic cell or panel, a wind turbine, a vehicle, a ship, a satellite, an airplane, a remote access circuit, a building, smart grid, electric power transmission, transformers, power storage devices, electric motors and as a part of other several components or products.

A superconducting article includes a substrate and a superconducting metal oxide film formed on the substrate. The metal oxide film including ions of an alkali metal, ions of a transition metal, and ions of an alkaline earth metal or a rare earth metal. For instance, the metal oxide film can include Rb ions, La ions, and Cu ions. The superconducting metal oxide film can have a critical temperature for onset of superconductivity of greater than 250 K, e.g., greater than room temperature.

The invention relates to a ferroelectric, which has a piezoelectric material having a hafnium proportion of 2% or less, to the use of a ferroelectric of this type in energy generation and for implementation in memory, processor and sensor technologies, to the use of a ferroelectric, in which use energy demand is lowered by superconductivity, and to a method for producing a ferroelectric, in which method a sintering method is used.

A first aspect provides a topological quantum computing device comprising a network of semiconductor-superconductor nanowires, each nanowire comprising a length of semiconductor formed over a substrate and a coating of superconductor formed over at least part of the semiconductor; wherein at least some of the nanowires further comprise a coating of ferromagnetic insulator disposed over at least part of the semiconductor. A second aspect provides a method of fabricating a quantum or spintronic device comprising a heterostructure of semiconductor and ferromagnetic insulator, by: forming a portion of the semiconductor over a substrate in a first vacuum chamber, and growing a coating of the ferromagnetic insulator on the semiconductor by epitaxy in a second vacuum chamber connected to the first vacuum chamber by a vacuum tunnel, wherein the semiconductor comprises InAs and the ferromagnetic insulator comprises EuS.

The present invention relates to a one-electrode cell and series of two or more cells as a device at temperatures from below to above room temperature comprising a very high permittivity ferroelectric.

In a device constituted by one or more ferroelectricity-induced superconductor cells, the cells do not have to be in physical contact with one another; one terminal can be connected to a first cell and the other connected to a third cell without physical contact between any of the three cells. With the spontaneous and dynamic alignment of the dipoles of the ferroelectric, a potential difference is induced in different points of the surface of the cell, cells or device and a current can be harvested by conductor-terminals.

The present invention can be used for contactless charging of energy storage devices and as a part of several components or products.

A strain engineered material including a monolayer graphene sheet comprising an array of wrinkles induced by deformations in the graphene sheet, the deformations formed by a lattice of underlying nanostructures on a substrate. The lattice of nanostructures comprises rows of the nanostructures and each of the wrinkles comprise a ridge aligned on top of a different one of the rows and along an alignment direction defined by the rows. The deformations pattern a strain distribution in the graphene sheet that induces a periodically varying pseudo magnetic field distribution ranging between a positive value and a negative values, The periodically varying pseudo magnetic field distribution has field magnitude minima located parallel to and between the ridges and field magnitude maxima located near to and parallel to each of the ridges and can be designed for various valleytronic and spintronic device applications.

Nanostructured model device of energy sensing and monitoring apparatus comprises arrays of orderly nanotubes parallel oriented forming 3D cross-bar with vertically oriented nanopillars membrane through self-assembly affixed onto an electrode; the membrane comprises active sites of an innate Heat Shock Protein (HSP) cross-linked with conductive polymers on an electrode to be able to monitor toxic protein β-amyloid (Aβ) energy landscape change, and the reversed membrane potential was restored in the presence of an antibiotic drug. By depositing the HSP60 polymer mixtures on a top of a MMP-2 membrane, it promoted a moonlighting protein network that was able to 97.3% impaired Aβ refolding with imprecision 0.05%, which was not depending on antibiotic drug's concentration, wherein to be able to maintain the RMP.

Superconductors and processes that form superconductors as composites of electrically polarizable ferroelectric materials and electrically conductive materials. The materials are chosen such that the binding energy of charge carriers within the materials exceeds the repulsive energy of the carriers and the energy carried by thermal vibrations (phonons) within the materials.