A method and a system for treating fluid. The method includes a fluid feeding step for feeding fluid in a fluid feeding pipe into a fluid reactor vessel, a bubbles feeding step for feeding bubbles of first fluid mixture containing first carrier fluid and first active fluid into fluid flowing in the fluid feeding pipe by means of a sparger apparatus. The method includes a fluid mixture analyzing step for measuring the relative content of first active fluid in the first fluid mixture with a first fluid analyzer and controlling a first active fluid source with the first fluid analyzer in response to the relative content of first active fluid in the first fluid mixture as measured by the first fluid analyzer.

A method of fabricating a magnetically-controlled graphene-based micro-/nano-motor includes: (a) mixing FeCl.sub.3 crystal powder with deionized water to obtain a FeCl.sub.3 solution; (b) completely immersing a carbon-based microsphere in the FeCl.sub.3 solution; transferring the carbon-based microsphere from the FeCl.sub.3 solution followed by heating to allow crystallization of FeCl.sub.3 on the surface of the carbon-based microsphere to obtain a FeCl.sub.3-carbon-based microsphere; (c) heating the FeCl.sub.3-carbon-based microsphere in a vacuum chamber until there is no moisture in the vacuum chamber; continuously removing gas in the vacuum chamber and introducing oxygen; and treating the FeCl.sub.3-carbon-based microsphere with a laser in an oxygen-enriched environment to obtain the magnetically controlled graphene-based micro-/nano-motor. A magnetically-controlled graphene-based micro-/nano-motor is further provided.

An adsorbent for wastewater treatment includes titanium hexametaphosphate; the titanium hexametaphosphate is mainly prepared from hexametaphosphate and titanium salt. The adsorbent is an aggregate of micron or nanometer particles, with a large surface area and a good adsorption performance. The adsorbent, as a wastewater treatment agent, may effectively remove thallium contaminants in various water bodies such as underground water, surface water, chemical wastewater and mine wastewater at a removal rate of 99.8%; and the adsorbent has a good removal capability for heavy metals in water such as cadmium, plumbum, copper, stibium, cesium and uranium. The adsorbent has a wide applicable PH value range, and especially has a good adsorption capacity, stability and heat resistance under acidic conditions.

The present invention relates to a method for recovering N, K, and P from liquid waste stream, preferably from a stream of urine, or from a stream comprising excreta (e.g. faeces, manure, digestate, fertilizer), or from (concentrated) wastewater, for example, municipal (e.g. sewage, septic) and/or industrial wastewater (e.g. food and feed industry, agriculture, mining, etc.); more preferably from urine, such as human or animal urine; most preferably from human urine.

A wastewater to chemical fuel conversion device is provided that includes a housing having a first chamber and a second chamber, where the first chamber includes a bio-photoanode, where the second chamber includes a photocathode, where a backside of the bio-photoanode abuts a first side of a planatized fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) glass, where a backside of the photocathode abuts a second side of the FTO glass, where a proton exchange membrane separates the first chamber from the second chamber, where the first chamber includes a wastewater input and a reclaimed water output, where the second chamber includes a solar light input and a H.sub.2 gas output, where the solar light input is disposed for solar light illumination of the first chamber and the second chamber.

An apparatus, system and method to remove purified vapor from a contaminated fluid using energy. The apparatus comprises an inlet wherein contaminated fluid flows in the apparatus through the inlet; at least two outlets wherein a first outlet exits purified vapor and a second outlet wherein contaminated fluid with a portion removed as purified vapor exits the apparatus; an energy source that causes the contaminated fluid to heat to a temperature wherein at least a portion of the contaminated fluid is converted to purified vapor; at least two different flow paths from at least one inlet to the first outlet and second outlet, the first and second flow paths flow through at least a portion of the apparatus.

A water remediation system and accompanying method includes remediation by reducing the concentration of nutrients in the water and dosing the water with metal ions. It has been found that through a combination of reducing nutrients present in the water and treating with metal ions, the requirement to treat with high chemical dosages is removed.

The disclosure relates to bioreactors, for example for biological treatment and, more specifically to bioreactor insert apparatus including biofilms and related methods. The bioreactor insert apparatus provides a means for circulation of reaction medium within the bioreactor, a biofilm support, and biological treatment of an inlet feed to the reactor/insert apparatus. The bioreactor insert apparatus has a high relative surface area for biofilm attachment and is capable of generating complex flow patterns and increasing treatment efficiency/biological conversion activity in a biologically-active reactor. The high surface area structure incorporates multiple biofilm support structures such as meshes at inlet and outlet portions of the structure. The biofilm support structures and biofilms thereon can increase overall reaction rate of the bioreactor and/or perform some solid/liquid separation in the treatment of the wastewater or other influent.

A draw solute for a forward osmosis process, the draw solute comprising: a thermally responsive ionic compound having at least one of: a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) and an upper critical solution temperature (UCST), the draw solute being regeneratable from a diluted aqueous draw solution after forward osmosis via one of: liquid-liquid phase separation and solid-liquid phase separation, the draw solute being regeneratable when the diluted aqueous draw solution is at a temperature selected from one of: above the LCST and below the UCST

A preparation method of a bacterial cellulose-defective molybdenum disulfide (BC-MoS.sub.2-x) heterojunction material for treating radioactive wastewater is provided, including: preparing bacterial cellulose by the in situ growth technology of Acetobacter xylinum, and freeze-drying to obtain dried bacterial cellulose; carbonizing the dried bacterial cellulose to obtain carbonized bacterial cellulose; dispersing the carbonized bacterial cellulose into deionized water under an ultrasonic treatment; then adding thiourea and Na.sub.2MoO.sub.4.2H.sub.2O, dissolving under an ultrasonic treatment to obtain a reaction mixture, subjecting the reaction mixture to a hydrothermal reaction to obtain a BC-MoS.sub.2 heterojunction; and calcining the BC-MoS.sub.2 heterojunction in a tube furnace with an Ar/H.sub.2 atmosphere to obtain the BC-MoS.sub.2-x heterojunction.