A process for treatment of nanoparticles of mineral filler for obtaining 5 processed nanoparticles for use in polymerization in the presence of nanopartciles which includes the steps of (a) drying a mineral filler with an inert gas for remove catalyst poisons; (b) mixing the mineral filler dried obtained in step (a) with a swelling agent in a liquid state or near a critical state or in the supercritical state; (c) subjecting the swelling agent of the 10 mixture obtained in step (b) to an endoenthalpic or isoentalphic phase change by altering the conditions of the temperature and/or pressure; (d) subjecting the nanoparticles of the mixture obtained in step (c) to contact of scavenging agent to react with catalyst poisons; then the mixture obtained in step (d) can be dried in a step (e) with an inert gas to remove sub-products 15 from scavenging agent and catalyst poisons to obtain the treated nanoparticles.

A semiconductor device includes a substrate, a gate structure on the substrate, and a gate contact in the gate structure. The gate structure includes a gate electrode extending in a first direction and a gate capping pattern on the gate electrode. The gate contact is connected to the gate electrode. The gate electrode includes a protrusion extending along a boundary between the gate contact and the gate capping pattern.

The disclosure relates to an electronic beam machining system. The system includes a vacuum chamber; an electron gun located in the vacuum chamber and used to emit electron beam; a holder located in the vacuum chamber and used to fix an object; a control computer; and a diffraction unit located in the vacuum chamber; the diffraction unit includes a two-dimensional nanomaterial; the electron beam transmits the two-dimensional nanomaterial to form a transmission electron beam and a plurality of diffraction electron beams; the transmission electron beam and the plurality of diffraction electron beams radiate the object to form a transmission spot and a plurality of diffraction spots.

An optical device includes an active layer that includes at least two outer barriers and at least one coupled quantum well that is inserted between the at least two outer barriers. Each coupled quantum well includes at least three quantum well layers and at least two coupling barriers that are respectively provided between the at least three quantum well layers. Thicknesses of two quantum well layers disposed at opposite end portions of the at least three quantum well layers are less than a thickness of the other quantum well layer disposed between the two quantum well layers disposed at the opposite end portions. A bandgap of the two quantum well layers disposed at the opposite end portions may be higher than a bandgap of the other quantum well layer disposed between the two quantum well layers.

The present invention is directed to methods of transferring urea from an aqueous solution comprising urea to a MXene composition, the method comprising contacting the aqueous solution comprising urea with the MXene composition for a time sufficient to form an intercalated MXene composition comprising urea.

The present invention provides for an inorganic nanostructure-organic polymer heterostructure, useful as a thermoelectric composite material, comprising (a) an inorganic nanostructure, and (b) an electrically conductive organic polymer disposed on the inorganic nanostructure. Both the inorganic nanostructure and the electrically conductive organic polymer are solution-processable.

A coating made of platinum-gold alloy is provided, together with a method of its preparation by electrodeposition. The alloy is composed of more than 50 atomic percent platinum. The microstructure of the alloy consists of generally ellipsoidal grains. More than half of the grains have a major axis of 10 nm or less.

A method for improving the lateral resolution of fluorescence microscopy using inhomogeneous surface wave microscopy is provided. The microscope includes a prism on which laterally-interfaced plasmonic nanofilms are deposited (here called metal 1 and metal 2, though materials other than metals may be used, see Claim 1). A propagating wave which has evanescent character along one spatial dimension, known as a surface plasmon polariton, is excited on the first metal nanofilm by focusing of monochromatic incident light with a particular incident angle through the prism. Propagation of the surface plasmon polariton across the interface between the metal 1 nanofilm and the metal 2 nanofilm creates a propagating wave with evanescent character in two spatial dimensions, known as an inhomogeneous surface plasmon polariton [3]. A key property of inhomogeneous surface plasmon polaritons is the external controllability of the evanescent character of the wave in both the axial and lateral dimensions, which imparts the ability to judiciously enhance lateral resolution of conventional total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy with only minor modifications to the device.

Disclosed herein is a method of manufacturing a zinc oxide nanosheet structure. The zinc oxide nanosheet structure may be manufactured by forming a zinc oxide seed on a substrate and growing zinc oxide from the zinc oxide seed in a zinc oxide growth solution in which zinc precursors and a doping-element-containing compound are dissolved.

An anti-reflection coat includes an intermediate layer and a low refractive index layer sequentially stacked on a substrate, and preventing the reflection of incident light by optical interference effect, wherein the low refractive index layer is a film formed on the surface of the intermediate layer by a wet film formation method using a coating liquid including layer-constituting raw materials which includes hollow silica particles adhering each other with a binder, and the intermediate layer is a layer mainly composed of an organometallic compound which adheres well to the binder and having wettability to the coating liquid; and provides an optical device including the anti-reflection coat.