In accordance with the present invention, compositions are described which are useful, for example, for the preparation of metal-clad laminate structures, methods for the preparation thereof, and various uses therefor. Invention metal-clad laminate structures are useful, for example, in the multi-layer board (MLB) industry, in the preparation of burn-in test boards and high reliability boards, in applications where low coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) is beneficial, in the preparation of boards used in down-hole drilling, and the like.

A resin composition is provided. The resin composition comprises the following components: (A) a halogen-free epoxy resin; (B) a hardener; and (C) a phosphorus-containing phenolic resin of the following formula (I): ##STR00001##
wherein m, n, l, R.sub.1, and R.sub.2 are as defined in the specification.

In accordance with the present invention, compositions are described which are useful, for example, for the preparation of metal-clad laminate structures, methods for the preparation thereof, and various uses therefor. Invention metal-clad laminate structures are useful, for example, in the multi-layer board (MLB) industry, in the preparation of burn-in test boards and high reliability boards, in applications where low coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) is beneficial, in the preparation of boards used in down-hole drilling, and the like.

A resin composition is provided. The resin composition comprises the following components: (A) a halogen-free epoxy resin; (B) a hardener; and (C) a phosphorus-containing phenolic resin of the following formula (I):

##STR00001##

wherein m, n, 1, R.sub.1, and R.sub.2 are as defined in the specification.

There is provided a coating composition comprising nonspherical nanoparticles; spherical nanoparticles; optionally hydrophilic groups and optional an surfactant; and a liquid medium comprising water and no greater than 30 wt % organic solvent, if present, based on the total weight of liquid medium, where at least a portion of the nonspherical nanoparticles or at least a portion of the spherical nanoparticles comprises functional groups attached to their surface through chemical bonds, wherein the functional groups comprise at least one group selected from the group consisting of epoxy group, amine group, hydroxyl, olefin, alkyne, (meth) acrylato, mercapto group, or combinations thereof. There is also provided a method for modifying a substrate surface using the coating composition and articles made therefrom.

There are provided an antifogging article having a water absorbing layer which excels in antifogging property, in durability and appearance, a method for manufacturing the same, an article for transportation apparatus having the antifogging article, and a water absorbing layer forming composition. The antifogging article has a substrate and an antifogging film on a surface of the substrate, in which the antifogging film has a water absorbing layer constituted of a water absorbing material with a saturated water absorption amount of 50 mg/cm.sup.3 or more, the water absorbing material is containing a first cured epoxy resin obtained by reacting the composition containing a polyepoxide component, a polyaddition type curing agent, and a catalyst type curing agent, and the polyepoxide component is constituted only of at least two polyepoxides selected from aliphatic polyepoxides with molecular weights of 800 to 3000. The article for transportation apparatus has the antifogging article.

Epoxy containing phosphonate monomers, polymers, copolymers, oligomers and co-oligomers and methods for making the same are describes herein. These materials can be used to make polymers, and can be combined with other polymers, oligomers or monomer mixtures to make resins with excellent fire resistance that can be used in a variety of industrial and consumer products.

There is provided a coating composition comprising nonspherical nanoparticles; spherical nanoparticles; optionally hydrophilic groups and optional an surfactant; and a liquid medium comprising water and no greater than 30 wt % organic solvent, if present, based on the total weight of liquid medium, where at least a portion of the nonspherical nanoparticles or at least a portion of the spherical nanoparticles comprises functional groups attached to their surface through chemical bonds, wherein the functional groups comprise at least one group selected from the group consisting of epoxy group, amine group, hydroxyl, olefin, alkyne, (meth) acrylato, mercapto group, or combinations thereof. There is also provided a method for modifying a substrate surface using the coating composition and articles made therefrom.