Smart Bed or Mattress for Reducing Pressure Ulcers Which Uses Adjustable Orthogonal Straps to Create Low-Pressure Areas
20220040018 · 2022-02-10
Assignee
Inventors
Cpc classification
A61B5/447
HUMAN NECESSITIES
A61G7/05715
HUMAN NECESSITIES
A61G7/057
HUMAN NECESSITIES
International classification
Abstract
This invention is a smart bed or mattress for reducing pressure ulcers with an orthogonal array of movable straps or layers which creates a low-pressure area. The location of the low-pressure area is selected to be under a portion of a person's body which is at risk for getting a pressure ulcer. A low-pressure area can be created: where straps which have been slackened overlap; where elastic segments of movable straps overlap; or where the movement of straps creates an opening.
Claims
1. A smart bed or mattress for reducing pressure ulcers comprising: a bed or mattress on which a person rests; at least one electromagnetic motor; a first set of flexible straps which span the bed or mattress in a head-to-foot direction; wherein a first subset of straps comprises one or more straps selected from the first set; wherein straps in the first subset have a taut configuration with a first length spanning the bed or mattress and a slack configuration with a second length spanning the bed or mattress; wherein the second length is greater than the first length; wherein straps in the first subset are moved from the taut configurations to the slack configurations, or vice versa, by one or more motors selected from the at least one motor; wherein different first subsets are selected at different times to create low-pressure areas with different sizes and/or locations on the bed or mattress; and wherein the selection of straps in the first subset is based at least partly on predetermined timing, a position of the person's body, analysis of camera images, data from infrared sensors, data from stretch sensors, and/or data from pressure sensors; and a second set of flexible straps which span the bed or mattress in a right-to-left direction; wherein a second subset of straps comprises one or more straps selected from the second set; wherein straps in the second subset have a taut configuration with a third length spanning the bed or mattress and a slack configuration with a fourth length spanning the bed or mattress; wherein the fourth length is greater than the third length; wherein straps in the second subset are moved from the taut configurations to the slack configurations, or vice versa, by one or more motors selected from the at least one motor; wherein different second subsets are selected at different times to create low-pressure areas with different sizes and/or locations on the bed or mattress; wherein the selection of straps in the second subset is based at least partly on predetermined timing, a position of the person's body, analysis of camera images, data from infrared sensors, data from stretch sensors, and/or data from pressure sensors; wherein a low-pressure area is an area on the bed or mattress where pressure exerted by the bed or mattress on the person's body is reduced relative to other areas of the bed or mattress; and wherein a low-pressure area is formed where the first and second subsets overlap when straps in the first and second subsets are in their slack configurations.
2. A smart bed or mattress for reducing pressure ulcers comprising: a bed or mattress on which a person rests; at least one electromagnetic motor; a first set of flexible straps which span the bed or mattress in a head-to-foot direction; a first subset of straps comprising one or more straps selected from the first set; wherein each strap in the first subset has an elastic segment which is more elastic than the rest of the strap; wherein each strap in the first subset is moved by one or more motors so that the elastic segment is moved to a selected location where a low-pressure area is desired; and wherein the selected location is based at least partly on predetermined timing, a position of the person's body, analysis of camera images, data from infrared sensors, data from stretch sensors, and/or data from pressure sensors; and a second set of flexible straps which span the bed or mattress in a right-to-left direction; a second subset of straps comprising one or more straps selected from the second set; wherein each strap in the second subset has an elastic segment which is more elastic than the rest of the strap; wherein each strap in the second subset is moved by one or more motors so that the elastic segment is moved to a selected location where a low-pressure area is desired; wherein the selected location is based at least partly on predetermined timing, a position of the person's body, analysis of camera images, data from infrared sensors, data from stretch sensors, and/or data from pressure sensors; wherein a low-pressure area is an area on the bed or mattress where pressure exerted by the bed or mattress on the person's body is reduced relative to other areas of the bed or mattress; and wherein a low-pressure area is formed where the first and second subsets overlap after their elastic segments have been moved.
3. A smart bed or mattress for reducing pressure ulcers comprising: a bed or mattress on which a person rests; at least one electromagnetic motor; a first support layer which spans the bed or mattress in a head-to-foot direction, wherein there is a first opening in the first support layer; and a second support layer which spans the bed or mattress in a right-to-left direction, wherein there is a second opening in the second support layer, wherein the first support layer and the second support layer are selectively moved by the at least one electromagnetic motor so as to align the first opening and the second opening at a selected location on the bed or mattress, thereby creating a low-pressure area at the selected location, and wherein the selected location is selected at least partly based on predetermined timing, a position of the person's body, analysis of camera images, data from infrared sensors, data from stretch sensors, and/or data from pressure sensors.
Description
BRIEF INTRODUCTION TO THE FIGURES
[0031]
[0032]
[0033]
[0034]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
[0035]
[0036] The smart bed or mattress for reducing pressure ulcers which is shown in
[0037] With respect to specific components, the smart bed or mattress shown in
[0038] In an example, straps can span the upper surface of a bed or mattress. In an example, straps can be close to the upper surface of a bed or mattress, but there can be a sheet (or other flexible layer) above the straps, between the straps and a person's body. In an example, a sheet (or other flexible layer) between the straps and a person's body can protect the person from abrasion when the straps move and protect them from being pinched by gaps between straps. In an example, straps or a sheet (or other flexible layer) can further comprise an array of pressure sensors whose data is analyzed to measure area-specific pressure levels of a person's body on a strap matrix. In an example, the device can further comprise a lift mechanism which temporarily lifts a person up before the straps move and lowers the person down after the straps have moved.
[0039] In an example, this device can comprise a smart bed or smart mattress. In an example, this device can comprise a smart mattress pad, smart sheet, or smart blanket. In an example, this device can comprise a flexible net, mesh, sling, or hammock. In an example, this device can be a stand-alone product. In an example, this device can be used in combination with an existing bed or mattress. In an example, this device can be used on top of an existing bed or mattress. In an example, straps can be made from a strong, but also flexible and breathable, fabric. In variations on this example, strips, bands, belts, loops, or cords can be used instead of straps.
[0040] In an example, straps in a first set of straps can be parallel to each other. In an example, straps in a second set of straps can be parallel to each other. In an example, straps in a second set of straps can be orthogonal to straps in a first set of straps, forming quadrilateral (e.g. square-shaped) overlap areas. In an example, straps in a second set of straps can be interwoven with straps in a first set of straps. Alternatively, straps in a second set of straps can uniformly overlay straps in a first set of straps. In a variation on this example, there can be three sets of straps, wherein straps in different sets intersect and/or overlap each other at 60-degree angles, forming six-sided (e.g. hexagonal-shaped) overlap areas. In an example, straps in first and second sets can be woven together to create an orthogonal mesh or grid which supports a sleeping person, wherein a selected area of the grid can be changed into a low-pressure area by changing the lengths (e.g. level of slack or tension) of straps which overlap at that area.
[0041] In an example, a low-pressure area can be formed from a contiguous combination of overlap areas. In the example shown in
[0042] In an example, straps can be between 2 inches and 2 feet wide. In an example, a first set of straps which spans a bed in a head-to-foot direction can comprise at least 4 straps. In an example, a first set of straps which spans a bed in a head-to-foot direction can comprise between 3 and 10 straps. In an example, a second set of straps which spans a bed in a right-to-left direction can comprise at least 5 straps. In an example, a second set of straps which spans a bed in a right-to-left direction can comprise between 4 and 15 straps. In an example, a first set of straps which spans a bed in a head-to-foot direction can comprise at least 4 straps, a second set of straps which spans a bed in a right-to-left direction can comprise at least 5 straps, and there can be at least (4×5=) 20 areas of overlap between the first and second sets wherein low-pressure areas can be selectively formed. In an example, a first set of straps which spans a bed in a head-to-foot direction can comprise at least 10 straps, a second set of straps which spans a bed in a right-to-left direction can comprise at least 10 straps, and there can be at least (10×10=) 100 areas of overlap between the first and second sets wherein low-pressure areas can be selectively formed.
[0043] In an example, the size and/or location of a low-pressure area on a bed can be changed over time to avoid prolonged pressure on a particular portion of a person's body. In an example, the location of a low-pressure area can be moved like a wave across the surface of a bed. In an example, the location of a low-pressure area can be moved across the surface of a bed according to a programmed pattern. In an example, the location of a low-pressure area can be moved across the surface of a bed according to a programmed pattern which includes movement in a head-to-toe direction and movement in a right-to-left direction.
[0044] In an example, a low-pressure area can have a concave shape relative to the rest of the upper surface of a bed. In an example, an area of overlap between two perpendicular straps which are both slack will form a concavity when it comes into contact with a portion of a person's body resting on it. This concavity provides less resistance and thus exerts less pressure on that portion of the person's body. In an example, areas of overlap wherein one of the overlapping straps is taut and the other overlapping strap is slack will be less concave, or not concave at all, due to support from the taut trap. However, areas of overlap wherein both of the overlapping straps are slack will be concave.
[0045] In an example, a low-pressure area which is created by this device can offer less resistance to a person's body than other areas of the surface. In an example, a low-pressure area which is created by this device can have greater elasticity than other areas of the surface. In an example, a low-pressure area which is created by this device can be more stretchable than other areas of the surface. In an example, a low-pressure area which is created by this device on the surface of a bed or mattress can have a lower durometer level than other areas of the surface. In an example, a low-pressure area which is created by this device on the surface of a bed or mattress can be an opening or hole formed by openings (or holes) through two otherwise-overlapping straps.
[0046] In an example, this device can comprise at least one electromagnetic motor (and/or actuator) which moves one or more straps. In an example, at least one electromagnetic motor can be incorporated into a bed or mattress. In an example, at least one electromagnetic motor can be located inside a bed or mattress. In this example, there are a plurality of electromagnetic motors which move straps. In this example, there is a first set of motors which move (e.g. adjust the length and tension of) straps in the first set of straps which spans a bed in a head-to-toe direction and a second set of motors which move (e.g. adjust the length and tension of) straps in the second set of straps which spans a bed in a right-to-left direction. In this example, a motors individually adjust the lengths and/or tensions (e.g. slack vs. taut) of straps.
[0047] In this example, there are two electromagnetic motors for each strap, one on each end of a strap. In an example, these electromagnetic motors can control the rotation of spools which wind, or unwind, each end of each strap. As the strap unwinds from a spool, the portion of the strap spanning the surface of the bed or mattress becomes longer and more slack. As the strap winds around the spool, the portion of the strap spanning the surface of the bed or mattress becomes shorter and more taut. Alternatively, there may be only one electromagnetic motor per strap; there may be a spool on only one end of a strap which winds, or unwinds, the strap. The motors and spools can be located inside the bed or mattress for injury reduction and a less-cluttered appearance. The straps can roll around rollers along the sides of the bed or mattress and enter the interior of the bed or mattress through a thin slot to engage with the motors and spools.
[0048] Alternatively, an electromagnetic motor can control a piston which changes the length and/or tension of a strap. A strap can be connected to the moving end of a piston. Alternatively, an electromagnetic motor can control a rotating threaded mechanism which changes the length and/or tension of a strap. As the threaded mechanism turns, it loosens or tightens a connected strap. Alternatively, an electromagnetic motor can control a gear mechanism which changes the length and/or tension of a strap. Alternatively, one electromagnetic motor can selectively move a plurality of straps via a set of mechanical gears or linkages. Alternatively, a strap can pass between two rollers which are moved by a motor, wherein rotation of the rollers moves the strap. Alternatively, a motor can move a strap with an elastic or thin segment laterally across a bed or mattress, thereby moving the location of the elastic or thin segment relative to the bed or mattress.
[0049] In an example, flexible straps can be individually and independently moved between their taut and slack configurations. In an example, flexible straps in first and second sets can be analogous to a matrix with columns and rows, wherein a particular cell in the matrix can be activated by activating a selected column and row. When a selected head-to-toe strap is made slack and a selected right-to-left strap is made slack, the area where they overlap also becomes a low-pressure area. In an example, this device can further comprising a data processor which receives input data from human commands and/or sensors and selects which motors to activate to create a low-pressure area at a desired location based on this input data. For example, as shown in
[0050] In an example, a device for reducing pressure ulcers by creating one or more low-pressure areas on a support surface on which a person rests can have three layers: an upper layer (such as a sheet) which is continuous, breathable, and flexible; a middle layer which is a woven orthogonal matrix of straps whose levels of slack can be individually and independently changed; and a lower level which is air space or a highly-compressible foam. In an example, a device for reducing pressure ulcers by creating one or more low-pressure areas on a support surface on which a person rests can have four layers: an upper layer (such as a sheet) which is continuous, breathable, and flexible; a first middle layer comprising a first set of flexible parallel straps which spans a bed in a first direction, wherein the slack levels of a subset of straps in this first set can be adjusted; a second middle layer comprising a second set of flexible parallel straps which spans the bed in a second direction which is orthogonal to the first direction, wherein the slack levels of a subset of straps in this second set can be adjusted; and a lower level which is air space or a highly-compressible foam.
[0051] This device with rows and columns of straps can enable adjustment of low-pressure areas of different sizes and/or locations across the surface of a bed with much less mechanical complexity than a device with a separate adjustment mechanism (such as an inflatable cell or individual piston cell) for each area. For example, with 10 adjustment mechanisms to adjust 10 rows (e.g. 10 straps which span a bed in a right-to-left direction) and 10 mechanisms to adjust 10 columns (e.g. 10 straps which span the bed in a head-to-foot direction), one can selectively and individually adjust the pressure of 100 different cells (overlap areas) on the bed. This only takes 20 adjustment mechanisms. In contrast, with a device with one adjustment mechanism for each cell, it would take 100 adjustment mechanisms. This is why most beds in the prior art with a matrix of individually-inflatable cells become mechanically complex very quickly. The device disclosed herein offers less mechanical complexity than devices with individual inflatable cells. The bed disclosed herein also has a more air-permeable surface which is better for skin health than a bed with inflatable cells which can retain moisture and heat.
[0052] In an example, the straps can be loops. In an example, straps which span the upper surface of a bed or mattress can loop around the sides of the bed or mattress and engage with one or more slack-adjustment mechanisms (e.g. one or more motors) which are below the upper surface of the bed or mattress. In an example, straps can loop around rollers on the sides of the bed. In an example, when the upper portions of rollers on both side of a bed both rotate toward the center of a bed, then a strap between these rollers becomes more slack (and less taut). In an example, when the upper portions of rollers on both side of a bed both rotate away the center of a bed, then a strap between these rollers becomes more taut (and less slack). In example, each strap can have its own roller on each side of the bed so that each strap can be moved independently. In an example, a roller can be a passive (non-mechanized) roller which reduces friction as a strap which loops around the side of a bed is moved by a slack-adjustment mechanism (e.g. a motor) below the surface of the bed or mattress. Alternative, a roller can be an active roller (e.g. directly moved by a motor) which actively engages and moves a strap.
[0053] In an example, one or more ends of a strap can wind around one or more spools. In an example, when such a spool turns in a first direction and unwinds the strap, then the portion of the strap spanning the upper portion of the bed or mattress becomes longer, more slack, less taut, and less tense. In an example, when such a spool turns in the other direction and winds the strap, then the portion of the strap spanning the upper portion of the bed or mattress becomes shorter, more taut, less slack, and more tense. In an example, spools at the ends of a strap can be within the interior of a bed or mattress, controlling the length, degree of slack, and degree of tension in the portion of the strap which spans the upper surface of the bed or mattress.
[0054] In a variation on this example, there can be longitudinal variation in the thickness of straps. In other words, different segments along the length of a strap can have different thicknesses. Thin segments can be overlapped to form low-pressure areas. In a variation on this example, there can be longitudinal variation in the elasticity and/or flexibility of straps. In other words, different segments along the length of a strap can have different levels of elasticity and/or flexibility. Elastic segments can be overlapped to form low-pressure areas. In a variation on this example, there can be longitudinal variation in the width of straps. In other words, different segments along the length of a strap can have different widths. In a variation on this example, there can be one or more openings and/or holes at one or more locations along the length of a strap. In an example, lateral movement of one or more selected straps can change the thickness, elasticity, flexibility, width, and/or resistance of the upper surface of a bed or mattress in one or more selected areas. In an example, a device can further comprise a stationary hollow sheath for each strap, wherein a sheath contains a strap which is moved. The moving strap changes the elasticity and/or concavity of an area to create a low-pressure area. The sheath around the moving strap prevents the moving strap from abrading the person's body or pulling a bottom sheet during its movement.
[0055] In an example, a strap can be a loop, wherein an upper portion of the loop spans the upper surface of a bed or mattress and a lower portion of the loop spans an interior portion of the bed or mattress. In an example, rollers can engage the loop and rotate it so that portions of the loop switch places, wherein portions which were on the surface now move inside the bed or mattress and portions which were inside the bed or mattress now move to the surface. In this manner, portions of the strap with greater elasticity can be moved to, or from, the surface of a bed or mattress and to different locations on the surface of the bed or mattress. In an example, this device can further comprise a drying and/or cleaning mechanism which dries and/or cleans a portion of a loop as that portion passes through the interior of a bed or mattress (e.g. through a section of the bed or mattress other than its upper surface).
[0056] In an example, this device can be part of a system which automatically adjusts the size and/or location one or more low-pressure areas on a person's bed based on a predetermined pattern and/or schedule. In an example, this device can be part of a system which periodically varies the sizes and/or locations of one or more low-pressure areas on a person's bed in order to reduced prolonged periods of high pressure for any particular portion of the person's body. In an example, adjacent areas of a bed or mattress can alternate over time between a normal-pressure configuration and a low-pressure configuration.
[0057] In an example, this device can be part of a system which adjusts the size and/or location of one or more low-pressure areas on a person's bed or mattress based on commands from a human-to-computer interface. In an example, these commands can be voice commands from the person or a caregiver. In an example, these commands can be touch-based (e.g. button or touch-screen) commands from the resting person or from a caregiver. In an example, such a system can adjust the size and/or location of one or more low-pressure areas in real time in response to feedback from the resting person (e.g. with respect to comfort). In an example, such a system can adjust the size and/or location of one or more low-pressure areas in response to documented progress in the healing of pressure ulcers (e.g. reinforcing pressure patterns associated with healing and reducing patterns associated with pathology).
[0058] In an example, this device can be part of a system which automatically adjusts the size and/or location one or more low-pressure areas on a person's bed or mattress based on data from one or more sensors. In an example, these sensors can indicated the location of a portion of the person's body which is at risk for a pressure ulcer and a low-pressure area can be created underneath than portion in order to prevent a pressure ulcer. In an example, this device can be part of a system which automatically adjusts the size and/or location a low-pressure area on a person's bed based on data from sensors regarding the location of a portion of the person's body with a pressure ulcer in order to help heal the pressure ulcer. In an example, these one or more sensors can be selected from the group consisting of: a camera which records images in the visible spectrum; an infrared camera and/or sensor; a plurality of electromagnetic (e.g. resistive or capacitive) stretch or bend sensors which are integrated into the bed, mattress, or a sheet; a plurality of pressure sensors on the upper surface of a bed or mattress; a plurality of pressure sensors on a garment worn by the person; and a garment with electromagnetic energy emitters worn by the person whose signals are used to identify the person's body configuration.
[0059] In an example, this device can further comprise a video camera whose images are analyzed to recognize a person's body configuration on a bed or mattress and thereby identify the locations of one or more portions of the person's body which at risk for pressure ulcers. In an example, one or more low-pressure areas can be created under those one or more portions. In an example, this device can further comprise an infrared imager whose data is analyzed to recognize a person's body configuration on a bed or mattress and thereby identify the locations of one or more portions of the person's body which at risk for pressure ulcers. In an example, one or more low-pressure areas can be created under those one or more portions.
[0060] In an example, this device can further comprise a plurality (e.g. an array, grid, or matrix) of pressure sensors whose data is analyzed to recognize a person's body configuration on a bed or mattress and thereby identify the locations of one or more portions of the person's body which at risk for pressure ulcers. In an example, one or more low-pressure areas can be created under those one or more portions. In an example, this device can further comprise a plurality (e.g. an array, grid, or matrix) of stretch and/or bend sensors whose data is analyzed to recognize a person's body configuration on a bed or mattress and thereby identify the locations of one or more portions of the person's body which at risk for pressure ulcers. In an example, one or more low-pressure areas can be created under those one or more portions. Example variations discussed elsewhere in this disclosure or in priority-linked disclosures can also be applied to this example where relevant.
[0061]
[0062]
[0063] The smart bed or mattress for reducing pressure ulcers which is shown in
[0064] With respect to specific components, the device shown in
[0065] In an example, movable straps can span the upper surface of a bed or mattress. In an example, these straps can be close to the upper surface of a bed or mattress, but there can be a sheet (or other flexible layer) between the straps and a resting person's body. A sheet or other flexible layer between the straps and a person's body can protect the person from abrasion when the straps move and from being pinched by gaps between straps. In an example, there can be an array (e.g. a grid or matrix) of pressure sensors on this sheet (or other flexible layer) or on the straps themselves. In an example, data from the pressure sensors can be analyzed to measure area-specific pressure levels of a person's body on the surface of a bed or mattress and determine where to create one or more low-pressure areas. In an example, a device can further comprise a lift mechanism which temporarily lifts a person up before straps are moved and lowers the person after the straps have been moved.
[0066] In an example, this device can comprise a smart bed or smart mattress. In an example, this device can comprise a smart mattress pad, smart sheet, or smart blanket. In an example, this device can comprise a flexible net, mesh, sling, or hammock. In an example, this device can be a stand-alone bed or mattress product. In an example, this device can be used in combination with an existing bed or mattress. In an example, this device can be used on top of an existing bed or mattress. In an example, straps can be made from a breathable fabric. In a variation on this example, strips, bands, belts, loops, or cords can be used instead of straps.
[0067] In an example, straps in a first set of straps can be parallel to each other. In an example, straps in a second set of straps can be parallel to each other. In an example, straps in a second set of straps can be orthogonal to straps in a first set of straps, forming quadrilateral (e.g. square-shaped) overlap areas. In an example, straps in a second set of straps can be interwoven with straps in a first set of straps. In an example, straps in a second set of straps can overlay straps in a first set of straps. In a variation on this example, there can be three sets of straps, wherein straps in different sets intersect and/or overlap each other at 60-degree angles, forming six-sided (e.g. hexagonal-shaped) overlap areas. In an example, straps in first and second sets can be woven together to create an orthogonal mesh or grid which supports a sleeping person, wherein a selected area of the grid can be changed into a low-pressure area by aligning the elastic segments of the straps which overlap at that area.
[0068] In an example straps can be between 2 inches and 2 feet wide. In an example, a first set of straps which spans a bed in a head-to-foot direction can comprise at least 4 straps. In an example, a second set of straps which spans a bed in a right-to-left direction can comprise at least 5 straps. In an example, a first set of straps which spans a bed in a head-to-foot direction can comprise at least 4 straps, a second set of straps which spans a bed in a right-to-left direction can comprise at least 5 straps, and there can be at least (4×5=) 20 areas of overlap between the first and second sets wherein low-pressure areas can be selectively formed.
[0069] In an example, a first segment of a strap can have a first elasticity level and a second segment of the strap can have a second elasticity level, wherein the second elasticity level is greater than the first elasticity level. In an example, a low-pressure area can be created by aligning the high elasticity segments of orthogonal overlapping straps. A low-pressure area occurs where there are overlapping high elasticity segments in straps in both directions. In an example, a first segment of a strap can have a first thickness and a second segment of the strap can have a second thickness, wherein the second thickness is less than the first thickness. In an example, a low-pressure area can be created by aligning the thin segments of orthogonal overlapping straps. A low-pressure area occurs where there are overlapping thin segments in straps in both directions.
[0070] In an example, the length of an elastic (or thin) segment of a strap can be equal to the width of the strap. In an example, the length of an elastic (or thin) segment of a strap can be 1-2 times the width of the strap. In an example, there can be two or more elastic (or thin) segments on a strap, which enables the creation of two or more low-pressure discontinuous areas on the surface of a bed or mattress. In an example, a low-pressure area is formed from a contiguous combination of overlapping elastic (or thin) segments. In an example, a low-pressure area can have a quadrilateral shape. In an example, a quadrilateral low-pressure area can have a first side comprising multiple strap widths and a second side comprising multiple strap widths. In an example, the size and/or location of a low-pressure area on a bed can be selected so that it is under a portion of a person's body which has a pressure ulcer or is at risk for getting a pressure ulcer. In this manner, that portion of the person's body will have less force exerted on it from the bed surface.
[0071] In an example, the size and/or location of a low-pressure area on a bed can be changed over time to avoid prolonged pressure on a particular portion of a person's body. In an example, the location of a low-pressure area can be moved like a wave across the surface of a bed. In an example, the location of a low-pressure area can be moved across the surface of a bed according to a programmed pattern. In an example, the location of a low-pressure area can be moved across the surface of a bed according to a programmed pattern which includes movement in a head-to-toe direction and movement in a right-to-left direction.
[0072] In this example, a segment of a strap has greater elasticity than the rest of the strap and elastic segments of overlapping straps are aligned to create a low-pressure area. In a variation on this example, a segment of a strap can be more stretchable than the rest of the strap and stretchable segments of overlapping straps can be aligned to create a low-pressure area. In a variation on this example, a segment of a strap can be thinner than the rest of the strap and thin segments of overlapping straps can be aligned to create a low-pressure area. In a variation on this example, a segment of a strap can have a lower durometer than the rest of the strap and low-durometer segments of overlapping straps can be aligned to create a low-pressure area. In a variation on this example, a segment of a strap can have an opening (or hole) and segments of overlapping straps with openings (or holes) can be aligned to create a low-pressure area.
[0073] In an example, this device can comprise at least one electromagnetic motor (and/or actuator) which moves one or more straps. In an example, at least one electromagnetic motor can be incorporated into a bed or mattress. In an example, at least one electromagnetic motor can be located inside the bed or mattress. In this example, there are a plurality of electromagnetic motors which move (e.g. shift) straps laterally across the surface of a bed or mattress. These motors are shown in
[0074] In this example, there are two electromagnetic motors for each strap, one on each end of a strap. In an example, these electromagnetic motors can control the rotation of spools which wind, or unwind, each end of each strap. Alternatively, there can be one electromagnetic motor per strap. There can be a spool on only one end of a strap which winds, or unwinds, a strap. In another example, a strap can pass between two rollers which are moved by a motor, wherein rotation of the rollers moves the strap. In this example, a motor can move a strap laterally, thereby moving the locations of an elastic (or thin) strap segments. In an example, a strap can comprise a loop, wherein a portion of the loop spans the upper surface of a bed or mattress, wherein a portion of the loop spans the interior of the bed or mattress, and wherein a motor (acting on the interior portion) rotates the loop to change the location of an elastic (or thin) segment of the strap. Alternatively, an electromagnetic motor can control a piston which changes the length and/or tension of a strap. Alternatively, one electromagnetic motor can selectively move a plurality of straps via a set of mechanical gears or linkages.
[0075] In an example, the portions of straps which span the upper surface of a bed or mattress can loop around rollers on the sides of the bed or mattress and engage with one or more movement mechanisms (e.g. one or more motors and/or actuators) which are below the upper surface of the bed or mattress. In example, each strap can have its own roller on each side of the bed so that each strap can be moved independently. In an example, a roller can be a passive (non-mechanized) roller which reduces friction as a strap which loops around the side of a bed is moved by a motor below the surface of the bed or mattress. Alternative, a roller can be an active roller (e.g. directly moved by a motor) which actively engages and moves a strap. In an example, one or more ends of a strap can wind around one or more spools.
[0076] In an example, a strap can be a loop, wherein an upper portion of the loop spans the upper surface of a bed or mattress and a lower portion of the loop spans an interior portion of the bed or mattress. In an example, rollers can engage the loop and rotate it so that portions of the loop switch places, with portions which were on the surface now moving inside the bed or mattress and portions which were inside the bed or mattress now moving to the surface. In this manner, portions of the strap with greater elasticity can be moved to or from the surface, as well as to different locations on the surface, of the bed or mattress. In an example, this device can further comprise a drying and/or cleaning mechanism which dries and/or cleans a portion of a loop as that portion passes through the interior of a bed or mattress (e.g. a section of the bed or mattress other than its upper surface).
[0077] In an example, this device can further comprising a data processor which receives input data from human commands and/or sensors and selects which motors to activate to create a low-pressure area at a desired location based on this input data. In an example, this device can further comprise a wireless data transmitter by which the data processor is in wireless communication with a remote device such as a cell phone.
[0078] In an example, a device for reducing pressure ulcers by creating one or more low-pressure areas on a support surface on which a person rests can have three layers: an upper layer (such as a sheet) which is continuous, breathable, and flexible; a middle layer which is a woven orthogonal matrix of straps with elastic segments; and a lower level which is either air space or a highly-compressible foam. In an example, a device for reducing pressure ulcers by creating one or more low-pressure areas on a support surface on which a person rests can have four layers: an upper layer (such as a sheet) which is continuous, breathable, and flexible; a first middle layer comprising a first set of flexible parallel straps which spans a bed in a first direction; a second middle layer comprising a second set of flexible parallel straps which spans the bed in a second direction which is orthogonal to the first direction; and a lower level which is either air space or a highly-compressible foam.
[0079] This device with rows and columns of straps can enable adjustment of low-pressure areas of different sizes and/or locations across the surface of a bed with much less mechanical complexity than a device with a separate adjustment mechanism (such as an inflatable cell) for each area. For example, with 10 adjustment mechanisms to adjust 10 rows (e.g. 10 straps which span a bed in a right-to-left direction) and 10 mechanisms to adjust 10 columns (e.g. 10 straps which span the bed in a head-to-foot direction), one can selectively adjust the pressure of 100 different cells (overlap areas) on the bed. This only takes 20 adjustment mechanisms. In contrast, with one adjustment mechanism for each cell, it would take 100 adjustment mechanisms. This is why beds in the prior art with a matrix of individually-inflatable cells become mechanically complex very quickly. The smart bed or mattress disclosed herein offers less mechanical complexity. The bed of mattress disclosed herein also has a more air-permeable surface than a bed or mattress with inflatable cells. This is which is better for the person's skin health because it retains less moisture and heat than a bed or mattress with inflatable cells.
[0080] In an example, this device can be part of a system which automatically adjusts the size and/or location one or more low-pressure areas on a person's bed based on a predetermined pattern and/or schedule. In an example, this device can be part of a system which periodically varies the sizes and/or locations of one or more low-pressure areas on a person's bed in order to reduced prolonged periods of high pressure for any particular portion of the person's body.
[0081] In an example, this device can be part of a system which adjusts the size and/or location of one or more low-pressure areas on a person's bed based on commands from a human-to-computer interface. In an example, these commands can be voice commands from the resting person or from a caregiver. In an example, these commands can be touch-based (e.g. button or touch-screen) commands from the person or from a caregiver. In an example, such a system can adjust the size and/or location of one or more low-pressure areas in real time in response to feedback from the person (e.g. with respect to comfort). In an example, such a system can adjust the size and/or location of one or more low-pressure areas in response to progress in the healing of pressure ulcers.
[0082] In an example, this device can be part of a system which automatically adjusts the size and/or location of one or more low-pressure areas on a person's bed based on data from one or more sensors regarding the location of a portion of the person's body which is at risk for a pressure ulcer in order to prevent a pressure ulcer. In an example, this device can be part of a system which automatically adjusts the size and/or location of one or more low-pressure areas on a person's bed based on data from sensors regarding the location of a portion of the person's body with a pressure ulcer in order to help heal the pressure ulcer. In an example, these one or more sensors can be selected from the group consisting of: a camera which records images in the visible spectrum; an infrared camera; a plurality of electromagnetic (e.g. resistive or capacitive) stretch sensors; a plurality of pressure sensors on the upper surface of a bed or mattress; a garment with pressure sensors worn by the person; and a garment with electromagnetic energy emitters worn by the person.
[0083] In an example, this device can further comprise a camera whose images are analyzed to identify the location of a portion of a person's body which is particularly at risk for pressure ulcers so that a low-pressure area of the bed can be created under that portion. In an example, this device can further comprise an infrared imager whose images are analyzed to identify the location of a portion of a person's body which is particularly at risk for pressure ulcers so that a low-pressure area of the bed can be created under that portion. In an example, this device can further comprise an array of pressure sensors whose data is analyzed to identify the location of a portion of a person's body which is particularly at risk for pressure ulcers so that a low-pressure area of the bed can be created under that portion. Example variations discussed elsewhere in this disclosure or in priority-linked disclosures can also be applied to this example where relevant.
[0084]
[0085]
[0086] The smart bed or mattress for reducing pressure ulcers which is shown in
[0087] With respect to specific components, the smart bed or mattress shown in
[0088] In an example, straps can span the upper surface of a bed or mattress. In an example, straps can be close to the upper surface of a bed or mattress, but there can be a sheet (or other flexible layer) between the straps and a person's body. In an example, a sheet (or other flexible layer) between the straps and a person's body can protect the person from abrasion when the straps move and can protect the person from being caught on the edges of an opening (or hole). In an example, straps or a sheet (or other flexible layer) can further comprise an array of pressure sensors whose data is analyzed to measure area-specific pressure levels of a person's body on a strap matrix. In an example, the device can further comprise a lift mechanism which temporarily lifts a person up before the straps move and lowers the person down after the straps have moved.
[0089] In an example, this device can comprise a smart bed or smart mattress. In an example, this device can comprise a smart mattress pad, smart sheet, or smart blanket. In an example, this device can comprise a flexible net, mesh, sling, or hammock. In an example, this device can be a stand-alone product. In an example, this device can be used in combination with an existing bed or mattress. In an example, this device can be used on top of an existing bed or mattress. In an example, straps can be made from a strong, but also flexible and breathable, fabric. In variations on this example, strips, bands, belts, loops, or cords can be used instead of straps.
[0090] In an example, straps in a first set of straps can be parallel to each other. In an example, straps in a second set of straps can be parallel to each other. In an example, straps in a second set of straps can be orthogonal to straps in a first set of straps. In an example, straps in a second set of straps can overlay straps in a first set of straps. In an example, a low-pressure area can be formed from alignment of multiple openings (or holes). In an example, a low-pressure area can have a first side comprising multiple strap widths and a second side comprising multiple strap widths. In an example, the size and/or location of a low-pressure area on a bed or mattress can be selected so that it is under a portion of a person's body which has a pressure ulcer or is at risk for getting a pressure ulcer. In this manner, that portion of the person's body will have less force exerted on it from the bed or mattress surface.
[0091] In an example, straps can be between 2 inches and 2 feet wide. In an example, a first set of straps which spans a bed in a head-to-foot direction can comprise at least 4 straps. In an example, a first set of straps which spans a bed in a head-to-foot direction can comprise between 3 and 10 straps. In an example, a second set of straps which spans a bed in a right-to-left direction can comprise at least 5 straps. In an example, a second set of straps which spans a bed in a right-to-left direction can comprise between 4 and 15 straps. In an example, a first set of straps which spans a bed in a head-to-foot direction can comprise at least 4 straps, a second set of straps which spans a bed in a right-to-left direction can comprise at least 5 straps, and there can be at least (4×5=) 20 areas of overlap between the first and second sets wherein low-pressure areas can be selectively formed. In an example, a first set of straps which spans a bed in a head-to-foot direction can comprise at least 10 straps, a second set of straps which spans a bed in a right-to-left direction can comprise at least 10 straps, and there can be at least (10×10=) 100 areas of overlap between the first and second sets wherein low-pressure areas can be selectively formed.
[0092] In an example, the size and/or location of a low-pressure area on a bed can be changed over time to avoid prolonged pressure on a particular portion of a person's body. In an example, the location of a low-pressure area can be moved like a wave across the surface of a bed. In an example, the location of a low-pressure area can be moved across the surface of a bed according to a programmed pattern. In an example, the location of a low-pressure area can be moved across the surface of a bed according to a programmed pattern which includes movement in a head-to-toe direction and movement in a right-to-left direction.
[0093] In an example, this device can comprise at least one electromagnetic motor (and/or actuator) which moves one or more straps. In an example, at least one electromagnetic motor can be incorporated into a bed or mattress. In an example, at least one electromagnetic motor can be located inside a bed or mattress. In this example, there are a plurality of electromagnetic motors which move straps. In this example, there is a first set of motors which move (e.g. slide sideways) straps in the first set of straps which spans a bed in a head-to-toe direction and a second set of motors which move (e.g. slide sideways) straps in the second set of straps which spans a bed in a right-to-left direction.
[0094] In an example, flexible straps can be individually and independently moved. In an example, flexible straps in first and second sets can be analogous to a matrix with columns and rows, wherein a particular cell in the matrix can be activated by activating a selected column and row. In an example, this device can further comprising a data processor which receives input data from human commands and/or sensors and selects which motors to activate to create a low-pressure area at a desired location based on this input data. In an example, this device can further comprise a wireless data transmitter by which the data processor is in wireless communication with a remote device such as a cell phone.
[0095] In an example, a device for reducing pressure ulcers by creating one or more low-pressure areas on a support surface on which a person rests can have four layers: an upper layer (such as a sheet) which is continuous, breathable, and flexible; a first middle layer comprising a first set of flexible parallel straps which spans a bed in a first direction; a second middle layer comprising a second set of flexible parallel straps which spans the bed in a second direction which is orthogonal to the first direction; and a lower level which is air space or a highly-compressible foam.
[0096] This device with rows and columns of straps can enable adjustment of low-pressure areas of different sizes and/or locations across the surface of a bed with much less mechanical complexity than a device with a separate adjustment mechanism (such as an inflatable cell or individual piston cell) for each area. For example, with 10 adjustment mechanisms to adjust 10 rows (e.g. 10 straps which span a bed in a right-to-left direction) and 10 mechanisms to adjust 10 columns (e.g. 10 straps which span the bed in a head-to-foot direction), one can selectively and individually adjust the pressure of 100 different cells (overlap areas) on the bed. This only takes 20 adjustment mechanisms. In contrast, with a device with one adjustment mechanism for each cell, it would take 100 adjustment mechanisms. This is why most beds in the prior art with a matrix of individually-inflatable cells become mechanically complex very quickly. The device disclosed herein offers less mechanical complexity than devices with individual inflatable cells. The bed disclosed herein also has a more air-permeable surface which is better for skin health than a bed with inflatable cells which can retain moisture and heat.
[0097] In an example, this device can be part of a system which automatically adjusts the size and/or location one or more low-pressure areas on a person's bed based on a predetermined pattern and/or schedule. In an example, this device can be part of a system which periodically varies the sizes and/or locations of one or more low-pressure areas on a person's bed in order to reduced prolonged periods of high pressure for any particular portion of the person's body. In an example, adjacent areas of a bed or mattress can alternate over time between a normal-pressure configuration and a low-pressure configuration.
[0098] In an example, this device can be part of a system which adjusts the size and/or location of one or more low-pressure areas on a person's bed or mattress based on commands from a human-to-computer interface. In an example, these commands can be voice commands from the person or a caregiver. In an example, these commands can be touch-based (e.g. button or touch-screen) commands from the resting person or from a caregiver. In an example, such a system can adjust the size and/or location of one or more low-pressure areas in real time in response to feedback from the resting person (e.g. with respect to comfort). In an example, such a system can adjust the size and/or location of one or more low-pressure areas in response to documented progress in the healing of pressure ulcers (e.g. reinforcing pressure patterns associated with healing and reducing patterns associated with pathology).
[0099] In an example, this device can be part of a system which automatically adjusts the size and/or location one or more low-pressure areas on a person's bed or mattress based on data from one or more sensors. In an example, these sensors can indicated the location of a portion of the person's body which is at risk for a pressure ulcer and a low-pressure area can be created underneath than portion in order to prevent a pressure ulcer. In an example, this device can be part of a system which automatically adjusts the size and/or location a low-pressure area on a person's bed based on data from sensors regarding the location of a portion of the person's body with a pressure ulcer in order to help heal the pressure ulcer. In an example, these one or more sensors can be selected from the group consisting of: a camera which records images in the visible spectrum; an infrared camera and/or sensor; a plurality of electromagnetic (e.g. resistive or capacitive) stretch or bend sensors which are integrated into the bed, mattress, or a sheet; a plurality of pressure sensors on the upper surface of a bed or mattress; a plurality of pressure sensors on a garment worn by the person; and a garment with electromagnetic energy emitters worn by the person whose signals are used to identify the person's body configuration.
[0100] In an example, this device can further comprise a video camera whose images are analyzed to recognize a person's body configuration on a bed or mattress and thereby identify the locations of one or more portions of the person's body which at risk for pressure ulcers. In an example, one or more low-pressure areas can be created under those one or more portions. In an example, this device can further comprise an infrared imager whose data is analyzed to recognize a person's body configuration on a bed or mattress and thereby identify the locations of one or more portions of the person's body which at risk for pressure ulcers. In an example, one or more low-pressure areas can be created under those one or more portions.
[0101] In an example, this device can further comprise a plurality (e.g. an array, grid, or matrix) of pressure sensors whose data is analyzed to recognize a person's body configuration on a bed or mattress and thereby identify the locations of one or more portions of the person's body which at risk for pressure ulcers. In an example, one or more low-pressure areas can be created under those one or more portions. In an example, this device can further comprise a plurality (e.g. an array, grid, or matrix) of stretch and/or bend sensors whose data is analyzed to recognize a person's body configuration on a bed or mattress and thereby identify the locations of one or more portions of the person's body which at risk for pressure ulcers. In an example, one or more low-pressure areas can be created under those one or more portions. Example variations discussed elsewhere in this disclosure or in priority-linked disclosures can also be applied to this example where relevant.
[0102]
[0103]
[0104] The smart bed or mattress for reducing pressure ulcers which is shown in
[0105] With respect to specific components, the smart bed or mattress shown in
[0106] In an example, there can be a sheet (or other flexible layer) between the movable layers and a person's body. In an example, a sheet (or other flexible layer) between the layers and a person's body can protect the person from abrasion when the layers move and can protect the person from being caught on the edges of an opening (or hole). In an example, layers or a sheet (or other flexible layer) can further comprise an array of pressure sensors whose data is analyzed to measure area-specific pressure levels of a person's body on a layer matrix. In an example, the device can further comprise a lift mechanism which temporarily lifts a person up before the layers move and lowers the person down after the layers have moved.
[0107] In an example, this device can comprise a smart bed or smart mattress. In an example, this device can comprise a smart mattress pad, smart sheet, or smart blanket. In an example, this device can comprise a flexible net, mesh, sling, or hammock. In an example, this device can be a stand-alone product. In an example, this device can be used in combination with an existing bed or mattress. In an example, this device can be used on top of an existing bed or mattress. In an example, layers can be made from a strong, but also flexible and breathable, fabric.
[0108] In an example, the size and/or location of a low-pressure area (e.g. opening or hole) on a bed can be changed over time to avoid prolonged pressure on a particular portion of a person's body. In an example, the location of a low-pressure area (e.g. opening or hole) can be moved like a wave across the surface of a bed. In an example, the location of a low-pressure area (e.g. opening or hole) can be moved across the surface of a bed according to a programmed pattern. In an example, the location of a low-pressure area (e.g. opening or hole) can be moved across the surface of a bed according to a programmed pattern which includes movement in a head-to-toe direction and movement in a right-to-left direction.
[0109] In an example, this device can further comprising a data processor which receives input data from human commands and/or sensors and selects how to move the layers to activate to create a low-pressure area at a desired location based on this input data. In an example, this device can further comprise a wireless data transmitter by which the data processor is in wireless communication with a remote device such as a cell phone.
[0110] In an example, a device for reducing pressure ulcers by creating one or more low-pressure areas on a support surface on which a person rests can have four layers: a sheet which is continuous, breathable, and flexible; an first moving layer (with an opening) which spans a bed in a first direction; a second moving layer (with an opening) which spans the bed in a second direction which is orthogonal to the first direction; and air space or highly-compressible foam.
[0111] In an example, this device can be part of a system which automatically adjusts the size and/or location one or more low-pressure areas on a person's bed based on a predetermined pattern and/or schedule. In an example, this device can be part of a system which periodically varies the sizes and/or locations of one or more low-pressure areas on a person's bed in order to reduced prolonged periods of high pressure for any particular portion of the person's body. In an example, adjacent areas of a bed or mattress can alternate over time between a normal-pressure configuration and a low-pressure configuration.
[0112] In an example, this device can be part of a system which adjusts the size and/or location of one or more low-pressure areas on a person's bed or mattress based on commands from a human-to-computer interface. In an example, these commands can be voice commands from the person or a caregiver. In an example, these commands can be touch-based (e.g. button or touch-screen) commands from the resting person or from a caregiver. In an example, such a system can adjust the size and/or location of one or more low-pressure areas in real time in response to feedback from the resting person (e.g. with respect to comfort). In an example, such a system can adjust the size and/or location of one or more low-pressure areas in response to documented progress in the healing of pressure ulcers (e.g. reinforcing pressure patterns associated with healing and reducing patterns associated with pathology).
[0113] In an example, this device can be part of a system which automatically adjusts the size and/or location one or more low-pressure areas on a person's bed or mattress based on data from one or more sensors. In an example, these sensors can indicated the location of a portion of the person's body which is at risk for a pressure ulcer and a low-pressure area can be created underneath than portion in order to prevent a pressure ulcer. In an example, this device can be part of a system which automatically adjusts the size and/or location a low-pressure area on a person's bed based on data from sensors regarding the location of a portion of the person's body with a pressure ulcer in order to help heal the pressure ulcer. In an example, these one or more sensors can be selected from the group consisting of: a camera which records images in the visible spectrum; an infrared camera and/or sensor; a plurality of electromagnetic (e.g. resistive or capacitive) stretch or bend sensors which are integrated into the bed, mattress, or a sheet; a plurality of pressure sensors on the upper surface of a bed or mattress; a plurality of pressure sensors on a garment worn by the person; and a garment with electromagnetic energy emitters worn by the person whose signals are used to identify the person's body configuration.
[0114] In an example, this device can further comprise a video camera whose images are analyzed to recognize a person's body configuration on a bed or mattress and thereby identify the locations of one or more portions of the person's body which at risk for pressure ulcers. In an example, one or more low-pressure areas can be created under those one or more portions. In an example, this device can further comprise an infrared imager whose data is analyzed to recognize a person's body configuration on a bed or mattress and thereby identify the locations of one or more portions of the person's body which at risk for pressure ulcers. In an example, one or more low-pressure areas can be created under those one or more portions.
[0115] In an example, this device can further comprise a plurality (e.g. an array, grid, or matrix) of pressure sensors whose data is analyzed to recognize a person's body configuration on a bed or mattress and thereby identify the locations of one or more portions of the person's body which at risk for pressure ulcers. In an example, one or more low-pressure areas can be created under those one or more portions. In an example, this device can further comprise a plurality (e.g. an array, grid, or matrix) of stretch and/or bend sensors whose data is analyzed to recognize a person's body configuration on a bed or mattress and thereby identify the locations of one or more portions of the person's body which at risk for pressure ulcers. In an example, one or more low-pressure areas can be created under those one or more portions. Example variations discussed elsewhere in this disclosure or in priority-linked disclosures can also be applied to this example where relevant.
[0116] Other example variations are now discussed. In an example, a device to prevent pressure ulcers can comprise: a first plurality of parallel flexible strips; a second plurality of parallel flexible strips; wherein the first and second pluralities of parallel flexible strips are woven together to create an orthogonal mesh or grid which supports a sleeping person's body; and a plurality of actuators which move selected strips apart from each other in order to create a quadrilateral-shaped opening in the mesh or grid at a selected location; wherein the selected location is located under a portion of the sleeping person's body which has a pressure ulcer or is particularly vulnerable to getting a pressure ulcer.
[0117] In an example, a device to prevent pressure ulcers can comprise: a first plurality of parallel flexible strips; a second plurality of parallel flexible strips; wherein the first and second pluralities of parallel flexible strips are woven together to create an orthogonal mesh or grid which supports a sleeping person's body; and a plurality of actuators which move selected strips apart from each other in order to enlarge a quadrilateral-shaped opening in the mesh or grid at a selected location; wherein the selected location is located under a portion of the sleeping person's body which has a pressure ulcer or is particularly vulnerable to getting a pressure ulcer.
[0118] In an example, a device to prevent pressure ulcers can comprise: a first plurality of parallel flexible strips; a second plurality of parallel flexible strips; a third plurality of parallel flexible strips; wherein the first, second, and third pluralities of parallel flexible strips are woven together to create a hexagonal mesh or grid which supports a sleeping person's body; and a plurality of actuators which move selected strips apart from each other in order to enlarge a hexagonal-shaped opening in the mesh or grid at a selected location; wherein the selected location is located under a portion of the sleeping person's body which has a pressure ulcer or is particularly vulnerable to getting a pressure ulcer.
[0119] In an example, a device to prevent pressure ulcers can comprise: a first plurality of parallel flexible strips; a second plurality of parallel flexible strips; a third plurality of parallel flexible strips; wherein the first, second, and third pluralities of parallel flexible strips are woven together to create a hexagonal mesh or grid which supports a sleeping person's body; and a plurality of actuators which move selected strips apart from each other in order to create a hexagonal-shaped opening in the mesh or grid at a selected location; wherein the selected location is located under a portion of the sleeping person's body which has a pressure ulcer or is particularly vulnerable to getting a pressure ulcer.
[0120] In an example, a device to prevent pressure ulcers can comprise: a first roller (or tube) at the head a bed (or bed mattress); a second roller (or tube) at the foot of the bed; one or more actuators; and a plurality of moving loops, wherein an upper portion of each loop spans the length of the bed between the rollers in a first direction; wherein a lower portion of each moving loop spans the length of the bed between the rollers in a second direction; and wherein each loop is rotated around the rollers by the one or more actuators.
[0121] In an example, a device to prevent pressure ulcers can comprise: a first roller (or tube) at the head a bed (or bed mattress); a second roller (or tube) at the foot of the bed; one or more actuators; and a plurality of moving loops, wherein each loop has longitudinal variation in thickness, wherein an upper portion of each loop spans the length of the bed between the rollers in a first direction; wherein a lower portion of each moving loop spans the length of the bed between the rollers in a second direction;
[0122] In an example, a device to prevent pressure ulcers can comprise: a first roller (or tube) at the head a bed (or bed mattress); a second roller (or tube) at the foot of the bed; one or more actuators; and a plurality of moving loops, wherein an upper portion of each loop spans the length of the bed between the rollers in a first direction; wherein a lower portion of each moving loop spans the length of the bed between the rollers in a second direction; wherein each loop is rotated around the rollers by the one or more actuators; and wherein adjacent loops are moved and/or rotated in opposite longitudinal directions.
[0123] In an example, a device to prevent pressure ulcers can comprise: a first roller (or tube) at the head a bed (or bed mattress); a second roller (or tube) at the foot of the bed; one or more actuators; and a plurality of moving undulating loops, wherein each loop has longitudinal undulation in thickness, wherein an upper portion of each loop spans the length of the bed between the rollers in a first direction; wherein a lower portion of each moving loop spans the length of the bed between the rollers in a second direction; wherein each loop is rotated around the rollers by the one or more actuators; and wherein adjacent loops are moved and/or rotated in opposite longitudinal directions.
[0124] In an example, a device to prevent pressure ulcers can comprise: a first roller (or tube) at the head a bed (or bed mattress); a second roller (or tube) at the foot of the bed; one or more actuators; and a plurality of moving sinusoidal loops, wherein each loop has sinusoidal variation in thickness, wherein an upper portion of each loop spans the length of the bed between the rollers in a first direction; wherein a lower portion of each moving loop spans the length of the bed between the rollers in a second direction; wherein each loop is rotated around the rollers by the one or more actuators; and wherein adjacent loops are moved and/or rotated in opposite longitudinal directions.
[0125] In an example, a device to prevent pressure ulcers can comprise: a first roller (or tube) at the head a bed (or bed mattress); a second roller (or tube) at the foot of the bed; one or more actuators; and a plurality of moving sinusoidal loops, wherein each loop has sinusoidal variation in thickness, wherein an upper portion of each loop spans the length of the bed between the rollers in a first direction; wherein a lower portion of each moving loop spans the length of the bed between the rollers in a second direction; and wherein each loop is rotated around the rollers by the one or more actuators.
[0126] In an example, a device to prevent pressure ulcers can comprise: a first roller (or tube) at the head a bed (or bed mattress); a second roller (or tube) at the foot of the bed; one or more actuators; and a plurality of moving undulating loops, wherein each loop has longitudinal undulation in thickness, wherein an upper portion of each loop spans the length of the bed between the rollers in a first direction; wherein a lower portion of each moving loop spans the length of the bed between the rollers in a second direction; and wherein each loop is rotated around the rollers by the one or more actuators.
[0127] In an example, a device to prevent pressure ulcers can comprise: a first roller (or tube) at the head a bed (or bed mattress); a second roller (or tube) at the foot of the bed; one or more actuators; and a plurality of moving sinusoidal loops, wherein each loop has sinusoidal variation in thickness, wherein an upper portion of each loop spans the length of the bed between the rollers in a first direction; wherein a lower portion of each moving loop spans the length of the bed between the rollers in a second direction; wherein each loop is rotated around the rollers by the one or more actuators; and wherein different loops are moved and/or rotated in different directions.
[0128] In an example, a device to prevent pressure ulcers can comprise: a first roller (or tube) at the head a bed (or bed mattress); a second roller (or tube) at the foot of the bed; one or more actuators; and a plurality of moving undulating loops, wherein each loop has longitudinal undulation in thickness, wherein an upper portion of each loop spans the length of the bed between the rollers in a first direction; wherein a lower portion of each moving loop spans the length of the bed between the rollers in a second direction; wherein each loop is rotated around the rollers by the one or more actuators; and wherein different loops are moved and/or rotated in different directions.
[0129] In an example, a device to prevent pressure ulcers can comprise: a first roller (or tube) at the head a bed (or bed mattress); a second roller (or tube) at the foot of the bed; one or more actuators; and a plurality of moving loops, wherein each loop has longitudinal variation in thickness, wherein an upper portion of each loop spans the length of the bed between the rollers in a first direction; wherein a lower portion of each moving loop spans the length of the bed between the rollers in a second direction; and wherein each loop is rotated around the rollers by the one or more actuators.
[0130] In an example, a device to prevent pressure ulcers can comprise: a first roller (or tube) at the head a bed (or bed mattress); a second roller (or tube) at the foot of the bed; one or more actuators; and a plurality of moving loops, wherein each loop has longitudinal variation in thickness, wherein an upper portion of each loop spans the length of the bed between the rollers in a first direction; wherein a lower portion of each moving loop spans the length of the bed between the rollers in a second direction; wherein each loop is rotated around the rollers by the one or more actuators; and wherein adjacent loops are moved and/or rotated in opposite longitudinal directions.
[0131] In an example, a device to prevent pressure ulcers can comprise: a first roller (or tube) at the head a bed (or bed mattress); a second roller (or tube) at the foot of the bed; one or more actuators; and a plurality of moving loops, wherein an upper portion of each loop spans the length of the bed between the rollers in a first direction; wherein a lower portion of each moving loop spans the length of the bed between the rollers in a second direction; wherein each loop is rotated around the rollers by the one or more actuators; and wherein different loops are moved and/or rotated in different directions.
[0132] In an example, a device to prevent pressure ulcers can comprise: a first roller (or tube) on a first (e.g. right) side of a bed (or bed mattress); a second roller (or tube) on a second (e.g. left) side of the bed; one or more actuators; and a plurality of moving loops, wherein each loop has lateral variation in thickness, wherein an upper portion of each loop spans the width of the bed between the rollers in a first direction; wherein a lower portion of each moving loop spans the width of the bed between the rollers in a second direction; and wherein each loop is rotated around the rollers by the one or more actuators.
[0133] In an example, a device to prevent pressure ulcers can comprise: a first roller (or tube) on a first (e.g. right) side of a bed (or bed mattress); a second roller (or tube) on a second (e.g. left) side of the bed; one or more actuators; and a plurality of moving sinusoidal loops, wherein each loop has sinusoidal variation in thickness, wherein an upper portion of each loop spans the width of the bed between the rollers in a first direction; wherein a lower portion of each moving loop spans the width of the bed between the rollers in a second direction; and wherein each loop is rotated around the rollers by the one or more actuators.
[0134] In an example, a device to prevent pressure ulcers can comprise: a first roller (or tube) on a first (e.g. right) side of a bed (or bed mattress); a second roller (or tube) on a second (e.g. left) side of the bed; one or more actuators; and a plurality of moving undulating loops, wherein each loop has lateral undulation in thickness, wherein an upper portion of each loop spans the width of the bed between the rollers in a first direction; wherein a lower portion of each moving loop spans the width of the bed between the rollers in a second direction; and wherein each loop is rotated around the rollers by the one or more actuators.
[0135] In an example, a device to prevent pressure ulcers can comprise: a first roller (or tube) on a first (e.g. right) side of a bed (or bed mattress); a second roller (or tube) on a second (e.g. left) side of the bed; one or more actuators; and a plurality of moving loops, wherein an upper portion of each loop spans the width of the bed between the rollers in a first direction; wherein a lower portion of each moving loop spans the width of the bed between the rollers in a second direction; wherein each loop is rotated around the rollers by the one or more actuators; and wherein different loops are moved and/or rotated in different directions.
[0136] In an example, a device to prevent pressure ulcers can comprise: a first roller (or tube) on a first (e.g. right) side of a bed (or bed mattress); a second roller (or tube) on a second (e.g. left) side of the bed; one or more actuators; and a plurality of moving sinusoidal loops, wherein each loop has sinusoidal variation in thickness, wherein an upper portion of each loop spans the width of the bed between the rollers in a first direction; wherein a lower portion of each moving loop spans the width of the bed between the rollers in a second direction; wherein each loop is rotated around the rollers by the one or more actuators; and wherein different loops are moved and/or rotated in different directions.
[0137] In an example, a device to prevent pressure ulcers can comprise: a first roller (or tube) on a first (e.g. right) side of a bed (or bed mattress); a second roller (or tube) on a second (e.g. left) side of the bed; one or more actuators; and a plurality of moving undulating loops, wherein each loop has lateral undulation in thickness, wherein an upper portion of each loop spans the width of the bed between the rollers in a first direction; wherein a lower portion of each moving loop spans the width of the bed between the rollers in a second direction; wherein each loop is rotated around the rollers by the one or more actuators; and wherein different loops are moved and/or rotated in different directions.
[0138] In an example, a device to prevent pressure ulcers can comprise: a first roller (or tube) on a first (e.g. right) side of a bed (or bed mattress); a second roller (or tube) on a second (e.g. left) side of the bed; one or more actuators; and a plurality of moving sinusoidal loops, wherein each loop has sinusoidal variation in thickness, wherein an upper portion of each loop spans the width of the bed between the rollers in a first direction; wherein a lower portion of each moving loop spans the width of the bed between the rollers in a second direction; wherein each loop is rotated around the rollers by the one or more actuators; and wherein adjacent loops are moved and/or rotated in opposite lateral directions.
[0139] In an example, a device to prevent pressure ulcers can comprise: a first roller (or tube) on a first (e.g. right) side of a bed (or bed mattress); a second roller (or tube) on a second (e.g. left) side of the bed; one or more actuators; and a plurality of moving loops, wherein each loop has lateral variation in thickness, wherein an upper portion of each loop spans the width of the bed between the rollers in a first direction; wherein a lower portion of each moving loop spans the width of the bed between the rollers in a second direction; wherein each loop is rotated around the rollers by the one or more actuators; and wherein different loops are moved and/or rotated in different directions.
[0140] In an example, a device to prevent pressure ulcers can comprise: a first roller (or tube) on a first (e.g. right) side of a bed (or bed mattress); a second roller (or tube) on a second (e.g. left) side of the bed; one or more actuators; and a plurality of moving loops, wherein each loop has lateral variation in thickness, wherein an upper portion of each loop spans the width of the bed between the rollers in a first direction; wherein a lower portion of each moving loop spans the width of the bed between the rollers in a second direction; wherein each loop is rotated around the rollers by the one or more actuators; and wherein adjacent loops are moved and/or rotated in opposite lateral directions.
[0141] In an example, a device to prevent pressure ulcers can comprise: a first roller (or tube) on a first (e.g. right) side of a bed (or bed mattress); a second roller (or tube) on a second (e.g. left) side of the bed; one or more actuators; and a plurality of moving loops, wherein an upper portion of each loop spans the width of the bed between the rollers in a first direction; wherein a lower portion of each moving loop spans the width of the bed between the rollers in a second direction; and wherein each loop is rotated around the rollers by the one or more actuators.
[0142] In an example, a device to prevent pressure ulcers can comprise: a flexible and breathable (e.g. porous to gas and liquid) upper support surface (e.g. sheet, pad, blanket, net, or mesh) on which a sleeping person lies; a flexible and breathable (e.g. porous to gas and liquid) middle support surface (e.g. sheet, pad, blanket, net, or mesh) below the upper support surface, wherein the middle support surface is automatically moved along a first (e.g. longitudinal or lateral) axis by one or more actuators, wherein the middle support surface has a first surface portion with a first stretchability level and an arcuate (e.g. circular) second surface portion with a second stretchability level, wherein the second stretchability level is greater than the first stretchability level, and wherein the second surface portion is smaller than (and nested within) the first surface portion; and a flexible and breathable (e.g. porous to gas and liquid) lower support surface (e.g. sheet, pad, blanket, net, or mesh) below the middle support surface, wherein the lower support surface is automatically moved along a second axis by one or more actuators, wherein the second axis is perpendicular to the first axis, wherein the middle support surface has a third surface portion with a third stretchability level and an arcuate (e.g. circular) fourth surface portion with a fourth stretchability level, wherein the fourth stretchability level is greater than the third stretchability level, wherein the fourth surface portion is smaller than (and nested within) the third surface portion, and wherein middle support surface and the lower support surface are moved so as to overlap the second surface portion and the fourth surface portion, thereby creating a localized surface portion with greater stretchability below a selected part of the sleeping person's body that has a pressure ulcer and/or is particularly vulnerable to developing a pressure ulcer.
[0143] In an example, a device to prevent pressure ulcers can comprise: a flexible and breathable (e.g. porous to gas and liquid) upper support surface (e.g. sheet, pad, blanket, net, or mesh) on which a sleeping person lies; a flexible and breathable (e.g. porous to gas and liquid) middle support surface (e.g. sheet, pad, blanket, net, or mesh) below the upper support surface, wherein the middle support surface is automatically moved along a first (e.g. longitudinal or lateral) axis by one or more actuators, wherein the middle support surface has a first surface portion with a first durometer level and an arcuate (e.g. circular) second surface portion with a second durometer level, wherein the second durometer level is lower than the first durometer level, and wherein the second surface portion is smaller than (and nested within) the first surface portion; and a flexible and breathable (e.g. porous to gas and liquid) lower support surface (e.g. sheet, pad, blanket, net, or mesh) below the middle support surface, wherein the lower support surface is automatically moved along a second axis by one or more actuators, wherein the second axis is perpendicular to the first axis, wherein the middle support surface has a third surface portion with a third durometer level and an arcuate (e.g. circular) fourth surface portion with a fourth durometer level, wherein the fourth durometer level is lower than the third durometer level, wherein the fourth surface portion is smaller than (and nested within) the third surface portion, and wherein middle support surface and the lower support surface are moved so as to overlap the second surface portion and the fourth surface portion, thereby creating a localized surface portion with lower durometer below a selected part of the sleeping person's body that has a pressure ulcer and/or is particularly vulnerable to developing a pressure ulcer.
[0144] In an example, a device to prevent pressure ulcers can comprise: a flexible and breathable (e.g. porous to gas and liquid) upper support surface (e.g. sheet, pad, blanket, net, or mesh) on which a sleeping person lies; a flexible and breathable (e.g. porous to gas and liquid) middle support surface (e.g. sheet, pad, blanket, net, or mesh) below the upper support surface, wherein the middle support surface is automatically moved along a first (e.g. longitudinal or lateral) axis by one or more actuators, wherein the middle support surface has a first surface portion with a first durometer level and a second surface portion with a second durometer level, wherein the second durometer level is lower than the first durometer level, and wherein the second surface portion is smaller than (and nested within) the first surface portion; and a flexible and breathable (e.g. porous to gas and liquid) lower support surface (e.g. sheet, pad, blanket, net, or mesh) below the middle support surface, wherein the lower support surface is automatically moved along a second axis by one or more actuators, wherein the second axis is perpendicular to the first axis, wherein the middle support surface has a third surface portion with a third durometer level and a fourth surface portion with a fourth durometer level, wherein the fourth durometer level is lower than the third durometer level, wherein the fourth surface portion is smaller than (and nested within) the third surface portion, and wherein middle support surface and the lower support surface are moved so as to overlap the second surface portion and the fourth surface portion, thereby creating a localized surface portion with lower durometer below a selected part of the sleeping person's body that has a pressure ulcer and/or is particularly vulnerable to developing a pressure ulcer.
[0145] In an example, a device to prevent pressure ulcers can comprise: a flexible and breathable (e.g. porous to gas and liquid) upper support surface (e.g. sheet, pad, blanket, net, or mesh) on which a sleeping person lies; a flexible and breathable (e.g. porous to gas and liquid) middle support surface (e.g. sheet, pad, blanket, net, or mesh) below the upper support surface, wherein the middle support surface is automatically moved along a first (e.g. longitudinal or lateral) axis by one or more actuators, wherein the middle support surface has a first surface portion with a first flexibility level and an arcuate (e.g. circular) second surface portion with a second flexibility level, wherein the second flexibility level is greater than the first flexibility level, and wherein the second surface portion is smaller than (and nested within) the first surface portion; and a flexible and breathable (e.g. porous to gas and liquid) lower support surface (e.g. sheet, pad, blanket, net, or mesh) below the middle support surface, wherein the lower support surface is automatically moved along a second axis by one or more actuators, wherein the second axis is perpendicular to the first axis, wherein the middle support surface has a third surface portion with a third flexibility level and an arcuate (e.g. circular) fourth surface portion with a fourth flexibility level, wherein the fourth flexibility level is greater than the third flexibility level, wherein the fourth surface portion is smaller than (and nested within) the third surface portion, and wherein middle support surface and the lower support surface are moved so as to overlap the second surface portion and the fourth surface portion, thereby creating a localized surface portion with greater stretchability below a selected part of the sleeping person's body that has a pressure ulcer and/or is particularly vulnerable to developing a pressure ulcer.
[0146] In an example, a device to prevent pressure ulcers can comprise: a flexible and breathable (e.g. porous to gas and liquid) upper support surface (e.g. sheet, pad, blanket, net, or mesh) on which a sleeping person lies; a flexible and breathable (e.g. porous to gas and liquid) middle support surface (e.g. sheet, pad, blanket, net, or mesh) below the upper support surface, wherein the middle support surface is automatically moved along a first (e.g. longitudinal or lateral) axis by one or more actuators, wherein the middle support surface has a first surface portion with a first stretchability level and a second surface portion with a second stretchability level, wherein the second stretchability level is greater than the first stretchability level, and wherein the second surface portion is smaller than (and nested within) the first surface portion; and a flexible and breathable (e.g. porous to gas and liquid) lower support surface (e.g. sheet, pad, blanket, net, or mesh) below the middle support surface, wherein the lower support surface is automatically moved along a second axis by one or more actuators, wherein the second axis is perpendicular to the first axis, wherein the middle support surface has a third surface portion with a third stretchability level and a fourth surface portion with a fourth stretchability level, wherein the fourth stretchability level is greater than the third stretchability level, wherein the fourth surface portion is smaller than (and nested within) the third surface portion, and wherein middle support surface and the lower support surface are moved so as to overlap the second surface portion and the fourth surface portion, thereby creating a localized surface portion with greater stretchability below a selected part of the sleeping person's body that has a pressure ulcer and/or is particularly vulnerable to developing a pressure ulcer.
[0147] In an example, a device to prevent pressure ulcers can comprise: a flexible and breathable (e.g. porous to gas and liquid) upper support surface (e.g. sheet, pad, blanket, net, or mesh) on which a sleeping person lies; a flexible and breathable (e.g. porous to gas and liquid) middle support surface (e.g. sheet, pad, blanket, net, or mesh) below the upper support surface, wherein the middle support surface is automatically moved along a first (e.g. longitudinal or lateral) axis by one or more actuators, wherein the middle support surface has a first surface portion with a first elasticity level and an arcuate (e.g. circular) second surface portion with a second elasticity level, wherein the second elasticity level is greater than the first elasticity level, and wherein the second surface portion is smaller than (and nested within) the first surface portion; and a flexible and breathable (e.g. porous to gas and liquid) lower support surface (e.g. sheet, pad, blanket, net, or mesh) below the middle support surface, wherein the lower support surface is automatically moved along a second axis by one or more actuators, wherein the second axis is perpendicular to the first axis, wherein the middle support surface has a third surface portion with a third elasticity level and an arcuate (e.g. circular) fourth surface portion with a fourth elasticity level, wherein the fourth elasticity level is greater than the third elasticity level, wherein the fourth surface portion is smaller than (and nested within) the third surface portion, and wherein middle support surface and the lower support surface are moved so as to overlap the second surface portion and the fourth surface portion, thereby creating a localized surface portion with greater elasticity below a selected part of the sleeping person's body that has a pressure ulcer and/or is particularly vulnerable to developing a pressure ulcer.
[0148] In an example, a device to prevent pressure ulcers can comprise: a flexible and breathable (e.g. porous to gas and liquid) upper support surface (e.g. sheet, pad, blanket, net, or mesh) on which a sleeping person lies; a flexible and breathable (e.g. porous to gas and liquid) middle support surface (e.g. sheet, pad, blanket, net, or mesh) below the upper support surface, wherein the middle support surface is automatically moved along a first (e.g. longitudinal or lateral) axis by one or more actuators, wherein the middle support surface has a first surface portion with a first flexibility level and a second surface portion with a second flexibility level, wherein the second flexibility level is greater than the first flexibility level, and wherein the second surface portion is smaller than (and nested within) the first surface portion; and a flexible and breathable (e.g. porous to gas and liquid) lower support surface (e.g. sheet, pad, blanket, net, or mesh) below the middle support surface, wherein the lower support surface is automatically moved along a second axis by one or more actuators, wherein the second axis is perpendicular to the first axis, wherein the middle support surface has a third surface portion with a third flexibility level and a fourth surface portion with a fourth flexibility level, wherein the fourth flexibility level is greater than the third flexibility level, wherein the fourth surface portion is smaller than (and nested within) the third surface portion, and wherein middle support surface and the lower support surface are moved so as to overlap the second surface portion and the fourth surface portion, thereby creating a localized surface portion with greater stretchability below a selected part of the sleeping person's body that has a pressure ulcer and/or is particularly vulnerable to developing a pressure ulcer.
[0149] In an example, a device to prevent pressure ulcers can comprise: a flexible and breathable (e.g. porous to gas and liquid) upper support surface (e.g. sheet, pad, blanket, net, or mesh) on which a sleeping person lies; a flexible and breathable (e.g. porous to gas and liquid) middle support surface (e.g. sheet, pad, blanket, net, or mesh) below the upper support surface, wherein the middle support surface is suspended between first and second rollers; wherein the middle support surface is manually moved between the first and second rollers, wherein the middle support surface has a first surface portion with a first elasticity level and a second surface portion with a second elasticity level, wherein the second elasticity level is greater than the first elasticity level, and wherein the second surface portion is smaller than (and nested within) the first surface portion; and a flexible and breathable (e.g. porous to gas and liquid) lower support surface (e.g. sheet, pad, blanket, net, or mesh) below the middle support surface, wherein the lower support surface is suspended between third and fourth rollers; wherein the lower support surface is manually moved between the third and fourth rollers, wherein the middle support surface has a third surface portion with a third elasticity level and a fourth surface portion with a fourth elasticity level, wherein the fourth elasticity level is greater than the third elasticity level, wherein the fourth surface portion is smaller than (and nested within) the third surface portion, and wherein middle support surface and the lower support surface are moved so as to overlap the second surface portion and the fourth surface portion, thereby creating a localized surface portion with greater elasticity below a selected part of the sleeping person's body that has a pressure ulcer and/or is particularly vulnerable to developing a pressure ulcer.
[0150] In an example, a device to prevent pressure ulcers can comprise: a flexible and breathable (e.g. porous to gas and liquid) upper support surface (e.g. sheet, pad, blanket, net, or mesh) on which a sleeping person lies; a flexible and breathable (e.g. porous to gas and liquid) middle support surface (e.g. sheet, pad, blanket, net, or mesh) below the upper support surface, wherein the middle support surface is suspended between first and second rollers; wherein the middle support surface is automatically moved between the first and second rollers by one or more actuators, wherein the middle support surface has a first surface portion with a first elasticity level and a second surface portion with a second elasticity level, wherein the second elasticity level is greater than the first elasticity level, and wherein the second surface portion is smaller than (and nested within) the first surface portion; and a flexible and breathable (e.g. porous to gas and liquid) lower support surface (e.g. sheet, pad, blanket, net, or mesh) below the middle support surface, wherein the lower support surface is suspended between third and fourth rollers; wherein the lower support surface is automatically moved between the third and fourth rollers, wherein the middle support surface has a third surface portion with a third elasticity level and a fourth surface portion with a fourth elasticity level, wherein the fourth elasticity level is greater than the third elasticity level, wherein the fourth surface portion is smaller than (and nested within) the third surface portion, and wherein middle support surface and the lower support surface are moved so as to overlap the second surface portion and the fourth surface portion, thereby creating a localized surface portion with greater elasticity below a selected part of the sleeping person's body that has a pressure ulcer and/or is particularly vulnerable to developing a pressure ulcer.
[0151] In an example, a device to prevent pressure ulcers can comprise: a flexible and breathable (e.g. porous to gas and liquid) upper support surface (e.g. sheet, pad, blanket, net, or mesh) on which a sleeping person lies; a flexible and breathable (e.g. porous to gas and liquid) middle support surface (e.g. sheet, pad, blanket, net, or mesh) below the upper support surface, wherein the middle support surface is suspended between first and second rollers; wherein the middle support surface is automatically moved between the first and second rollers by one or more actuators, wherein the middle support surface has a first opening (or hole); and a flexible and breathable (e.g. porous to gas and liquid) lower support surface (e.g. sheet, pad, blanket, net, or mesh) below the middle support surface, wherein the lower support surface is suspended between third and fourth rollers; wherein the lower support surface is automatically moved between the third and fourth rollers, wherein the middle support surface has a second opening (or hole), and wherein middle support surface and the lower support surface are moved so as to overlap the first and second openings (or holes), thereby creating a localized opening (or hole) below a selected part of the sleeping person's body that has a pressure ulcer and/or is particularly vulnerable to developing a pressure ulcer.
[0152] In an example, a device to prevent pressure ulcers can comprise: a flexible and breathable (e.g. porous to gas and liquid) upper support surface (e.g. sheet, pad, blanket, net, or mesh) on which a sleeping person lies; a flexible and breathable (e.g. porous to gas and liquid) middle support surface (e.g. sheet, pad, blanket, net, or mesh) below the upper support surface, wherein the middle support surface is automatically moved along a first (e.g. longitudinal or lateral) axis by one or more actuators, wherein the middle support surface has a first opening (or hole); and a flexible and breathable (e.g. porous to gas and liquid) lower support surface (e.g. sheet, pad, blanket, net, or mesh) below the middle support surface, wherein the lower support surface is automatically moved along a second axis by one or more actuators, wherein the second axis is perpendicular to the first axis, wherein the middle support surface has a second opening (or hole), and wherein middle support surface and the lower support surface are moved so as to overlap the first opening (or hole) and the second opening (or hole), thereby creating a localized opening (or hole) below a selected part of the sleeping person's body that has a pressure ulcer and/or is particularly vulnerable to developing a pressure ulcer.
[0153] In an example, a device to prevent pressure ulcers can comprise: a flexible and breathable (e.g. porous to gas and liquid) upper support surface (e.g. sheet, pad, blanket, net, or mesh) on which a sleeping person lies; a flexible and breathable (e.g. porous to gas and liquid) middle support surface (e.g. sheet, pad, blanket, net, or mesh) below the upper support surface, wherein the middle support surface is automatically moved along a first (e.g. longitudinal or lateral) axis by one or more actuators, wherein the middle support surface has a first surface portion with a first elasticity level and a second surface portion with a second elasticity level, wherein the second elasticity level is greater than the first elasticity level, and wherein the second surface portion is smaller than (and nested within) the first surface portion; and a flexible and breathable (e.g. porous to gas and liquid) lower support surface (e.g. sheet, pad, blanket, net, or mesh) below the middle support surface, wherein the lower support surface is automatically moved along a second axis by one or more actuators, wherein the second axis is perpendicular to the first axis, wherein the middle support surface has a third surface portion with a third elasticity level and a fourth surface portion with a fourth elasticity level, wherein the fourth elasticity level is greater than the third elasticity level, wherein the fourth surface portion is smaller than (and nested within) the third surface portion, and wherein middle support surface and the lower support surface are moved so as to overlap the second surface portion and the fourth surface portion, thereby creating a localized surface portion with greater elasticity below a selected part of the sleeping person's body that has a pressure ulcer and/or is particularly vulnerable to developing a pressure ulcer.
[0154] In an example, a device to prevent pressure ulcers can comprise: a flexible and breathable upper support surface on which a sleeping person lies; a flexible and breathable middle support surface below the upper support surface, wherein the middle support surface is automatically moved along a first axis by one or more actuators, wherein the middle support surface has a first surface portion with a first elasticity level and a second surface portion with a second elasticity level, wherein the second elasticity level is greater than the first elasticity level, and wherein the second surface portion is smaller than the first surface portion; and a flexible and breathable lower support surface below the middle support surface, wherein the lower support surface is automatically moved along a second axis by one or more actuators, wherein the second axis is perpendicular to the first axis, wherein the middle support surface has a third surface portion with a third elasticity level and a fourth surface portion with a fourth elasticity level, wherein the fourth elasticity level is greater than the third elasticity level, wherein the fourth surface portion is smaller than the third surface portion, and wherein middle support surface and the lower support surface are moved so as to overlap the second surface portion and the fourth surface portion, thereby creating a localized surface portion with greater elasticity below a selected part of the sleeping person's body that has a pressure ulcer and/or is particularly vulnerable to developing a pressure ulcer.
[0155] In an example, a device to prevent pressure ulcers can comprise: a flexible support surface (such as a flexible net, mesh, sling, hammock, pad, sheet, or blanket) on which a person lies; a longitudinally-scrolling loop of padding (such as a loop of compressible foam or a loop of compressible textile padding) which is under the upper support structure; two rollers, one roller closer to the head of the support surface and one roller closer to the foot of the support surface, wherein the longitudinally-scrolling loop of padding loops around the two rollers and scrolls longitudinally between the two rollers; and a plurality of actuators; and using at least one actuator to lift the flexible support surface up off the loop of padding; (b) using at least one actuator to scroll the loop of padding longitudinally, thereby changing which portion of the loop of padding is directly underneath a selected location on the person's body; and then (c) using at least one actuator to lower the flexible support surface back down onto the loop of padding.
[0156] In an example, a device to prevent pressure ulcers can comprise: a flexible support surface (such as a flexible net, mesh, sling, hammock, pad, sheet, or blanket) on which a person lies; a laterally-scrolling loop of padding (such as a loop of compressible foam or a loop of compressible textile padding) which is under the upper support structure; two rollers, one roller closer to the right side of the support surface and one roller closer to the left side of the support surface, wherein the laterally-scrolling loop of padding loops around the two rollers and scrolls laterally between the two rollers; and a plurality of actuators; and using at least one actuator to lift the flexible support surface up off the loop of padding; (b) using at least one actuator to scroll the loop of padding laterally, thereby changing which portion of the loop of padding is directly underneath a selected location on the person's body; and then (c) using at least one actuator to lower the flexible support surface back down onto the loop of padding.
[0157] In an example, a device to prevent pressure ulcers can comprise: a flexible upper support surface on which a sleeping person lies; a flexible middle support surface below the upper support surface, wherein the middle support surface is automatically moved along a first axis by one or more actuators, wherein the middle support surface has a first surface portion with a first elasticity level and a second surface portion with a second elasticity level, wherein the second elasticity level is greater than the first elasticity level, and wherein the second surface portion is smaller than the first surface portion; and a flexible lower support surface below the middle support surface, wherein the lower support surface is automatically moved along a second axis by one or more actuators, wherein the second axis is perpendicular to the first axis, wherein the middle support surface has a third surface portion with a third elasticity level and a fourth surface portion with a fourth elasticity level, wherein the fourth elasticity level is greater than the third elasticity level, wherein the fourth surface portion is smaller than the third surface portion, and wherein middle support surface and the lower support surface are moved so as to overlap the second surface portion and the fourth surface portion, thereby creating a localized surface portion with greater elasticity below a selected part of the sleeping person's body that has a pressure ulcer and/or is particularly vulnerable to developing a pressure ulcer.
[0158] In an example, a device to prevent pressure ulcers can comprise: a flexible upper support surface on which a sleeping person lies; a flexible middle support surface below the upper support surface, wherein the middle support surface is automatically moved by one or more actuators, wherein the middle support surface has a first surface portion with a first elasticity level and a second surface portion with a second elasticity level, wherein the second elasticity level is greater than the first elasticity level, and wherein the second surface portion is smaller than the first surface portion; and a flexible lower support surface below the middle support surface, wherein the lower support surface is automatically moved by one or more actuators, wherein the middle support surface has a third surface portion with a third elasticity level and a fourth surface portion with a fourth elasticity level, wherein the fourth elasticity level is greater than the third elasticity level, wherein the fourth surface portion is smaller than the third surface portion, and wherein middle support surface and the lower support surface are moved so as to overlap the second surface portion and the fourth surface portion, thereby creating a localized surface portion with greater elasticity below a selected part of the sleeping person's body that has a pressure ulcer and/or is particularly vulnerable to developing a pressure ulcer.
[0159] In an example, a device to prevent pressure ulcers can comprise: a plurality of longitudinal cords; a plurality of lateral cords; wherein the longitudinal cords and the lateral cords together create an orthogonal mesh or grid which supports a sleeping person's body; and a plurality of actuators which move (selected) longitudinal cords in a lateral manner and move (selected) lateral cords in a longitudinal manner in order to create an opening (or hole) in the mesh or grid at a selected location; wherein the selected location is located under a portion of the sleeping person's body which has a pressure ulcer or is particularly vulnerable to getting a pressure ulcer.
[0160] In an example, a device to prevent pressure ulcers can comprise: a plurality of longitudinal fabric strips; a plurality of lateral fabric strips; wherein the longitudinal fabric strips and the lateral fabric strips together create an orthogonal mesh or grid which supports a sleeping person's body; and a plurality of actuators which move (selected) longitudinal fabric strips apart from each other and move (selected) lateral fabric strips apart from each other in order to create an opening (or hole) in the mesh or grid at a selected location; wherein the selected location is located under a portion of the sleeping person's body which has a pressure ulcer or is particularly vulnerable to getting a pressure ulcer.
[0161] In an example, a device to prevent pressure ulcers can comprise: a plurality of longitudinal flexible strips; a plurality of lateral flexible strips; wherein the longitudinal flexible strips and the lateral flexible strips together form an orthogonal mesh or grid which supports a sleeping person's body; and a plurality of actuators which move selected longitudinal strips apart from each other and move selected lateral strips apart from each other in order to enlarge a quadrilateral-shaped opening in the mesh or grid at a selected location; wherein the selected location is located under a portion of the sleeping person's body which has a pressure ulcer or is particularly vulnerable to getting a pressure ulcer.
[0162] In an example, a device to prevent pressure ulcers can comprise: a plurality of longitudinal rods; a plurality of lateral rods; wherein the longitudinal rods and the lateral rods together create an orthogonal mesh or grid which supports a sleeping person's body; and a plurality of actuators which move (selected) longitudinal rods apart from each other and move (selected) lateral rods apart from each other in order to create an opening (or hole) in the mesh or grid at a selected location; wherein the selected location is located under a portion of the sleeping person's body which has a pressure ulcer or is particularly vulnerable to getting a pressure ulcer.
[0163] In an example, a device to prevent pressure ulcers can comprise: a plurality of longitudinal strips; a plurality of lateral strips; wherein the longitudinal strips and the lateral strips together create an orthogonal mesh or grid which supports a sleeping person's body; and a plurality of actuators which move (selected) longitudinal strips apart from each other and move (selected) lateral strips apart from each other in order to create a quadrilateral-shaped opening in the mesh or grid at a selected location; wherein the selected location is located under a portion of the sleeping person's body which has a pressure ulcer or is particularly vulnerable to getting a pressure ulcer.
[0164] In an example, a device to prevent pressure ulcers can comprise: a plurality of longitudinal strips; a plurality of lateral strips; wherein the longitudinal strips and the lateral strips are woven together create an orthogonal mesh or grid which supports a sleeping person's body; and a plurality of actuators which move (selected) longitudinal strips away from each other and move (selected) lateral strips away from each other in order to create an opening (or hole) in the mesh or grid at a selected location; wherein the selected location is located under a portion of the sleeping person's body which has a pressure ulcer or is particularly vulnerable to getting a pressure ulcer.
[0165] In an example, a device to prevent pressure ulcers can comprise: a plurality of longitudinal strips; a plurality of lateral strips; wherein the longitudinal strips and the lateral strips are woven together create an orthogonal mesh or grid which supports a sleeping person's body; and a plurality of actuators which move (selected) longitudinal strips apart and move (selected) lateral strips apart in order to create an opening (or hole) in the mesh or grid at a selected location; wherein the selected location is located under a portion of the sleeping person's body which has a pressure ulcer or is particularly vulnerable to getting a pressure ulcer.
[0166] In an example, a device to prevent pressure ulcers can comprise: a plurality of porous longitudinal straps; a plurality of porous lateral straps; wherein the longitudinal straps and the lateral straps together create an orthogonal porous mesh or grid which supports a sleeping person's body; and a plurality of actuators which move (selected) longitudinal straps in a lateral manner and move (selected) lateral straps in a longitudinal manner in order to create an opening (or hole) in the mesh or grid at a selected location; wherein the selected location is located under a portion of the sleeping person's body which has a pressure ulcer or is particularly vulnerable to getting a pressure ulcer.
[0167] In an example, a device to prevent pressure ulcers can comprise: a plurality of porous longitudinal strips; a plurality of porous lateral strips; wherein the longitudinal strips and the lateral strips together create an orthogonal porous mesh or grid which supports a sleeping person's body; and a plurality of actuators which move (selected) longitudinal strips to overlap each other and move (selected) lateral strips to overlap each other in order to create an opening (or hole) in the mesh or grid at a selected location; wherein the selected location is located under a portion of the sleeping person's body which has a pressure ulcer or is particularly vulnerable to getting a pressure ulcer.
[0168] In an example, a device to prevent pressure ulcers can comprise: a plurality of porous longitudinal strips; a plurality of porous lateral strips; wherein the longitudinal strips and the lateral strips together create an orthogonal porous mesh or grid which supports a sleeping person's body; and a plurality of actuators which move (selected) longitudinal strips away from each other and move (selected) lateral strips away from each other in order to create an opening (or hole) in the mesh or grid at a selected location; wherein the selected location is located under a portion of the sleeping person's body which has a pressure ulcer or is particularly vulnerable to getting a pressure ulcer.
[0169] In an example, a device to prevent pressure ulcers can comprise: a plurality of porous longitudinal strips; a plurality of porous lateral strips; wherein the longitudinal strips and the lateral strips together create an orthogonal porous mesh or grid which supports a sleeping person's body; and a plurality of actuators which move (selected) longitudinal strips in a lateral manner and move (selected) lateral strips in a longitudinal manner in order to create an opening (or hole) in the mesh or grid at a selected location; wherein the selected location is located under a portion of the sleeping person's body which has a pressure ulcer or is particularly vulnerable to getting a pressure ulcer.
[0170] In an example, a device to prevent pressure ulcers can comprise: a plurality of porous longitudinal strips; a plurality of porous lateral strips; wherein the longitudinal strips and the lateral strips together create an orthogonal porous mesh or grid which supports a sleeping person's body; and a plurality of actuators which move (selected) longitudinal strips and move (selected) lateral strips to create an opening (or hole) in the mesh or grid at a selected location; wherein the selected location is located under a portion of the sleeping person's body which has a pressure ulcer or is particularly vulnerable to getting a pressure ulcer.
[0171] In an example, a device to prevent pressure ulcers can comprise: an upper support surface on which a sleeping person lies; a middle support surface below the upper support surface, wherein the middle support surface has a first surface portion with a first elasticity level and a second surface portion with a second elasticity level, wherein the second elasticity level is greater than the first elasticity level, and wherein the second surface portion is smaller than the first surface portion; and a lower support surface below the middle support surface, wherein the middle support surface has a third surface portion with a third elasticity level and a fourth surface portion with a fourth elasticity level, wherein the fourth elasticity level is greater than the third elasticity level, wherein the fourth surface portion is smaller than the third surface portion, and wherein middle support surface and the lower support surface are moved so as to align the second surface portion and the fourth surface portion, thereby creating a localized surface portion with greater elasticity below a selected part of the sleeping person's body that has a pressure ulcer and/or is particularly vulnerable to developing a pressure ulcer.
[0172] In an example, a device to prevent pressure ulcers can comprise: an upper support surface on which a sleeping person lies; a middle support surface below the upper support surface, wherein the middle support surface is automatically moved by one or more actuators, wherein the middle support surface has a first surface portion with a first elasticity level and a second surface portion with a second elasticity level, wherein the second elasticity level is greater than the first elasticity level, and wherein the second surface portion is smaller than the first surface portion; and a lower support surface below the middle support surface, wherein the lower support surface is automatically moved by one or more actuators, wherein the middle support surface has a third surface portion with a third elasticity level and a fourth surface portion with a fourth elasticity level, wherein the fourth elasticity level is greater than the third elasticity level, wherein the fourth surface portion is smaller than the third surface portion, and wherein middle support surface and the lower support surface are moved so as to overlap the second surface portion and the fourth surface portion, thereby creating a localized surface portion with greater elasticity below a selected part of the sleeping person's body that has a pressure ulcer and/or is particularly vulnerable to developing a pressure ulcer.
[0173] In an example, a device to prevent pressure ulcers can comprise: an upper support surface on which a sleeping person lies; a middle support surface below the upper support surface, wherein the middle support surface has a first surface portion with a first elasticity level and a second surface portion with a second elasticity level, wherein the second elasticity level is greater than the first elasticity level, and wherein the second surface portion is smaller than the first surface portion; and a lower support surface below the middle support surface, wherein the middle support surface has a third surface portion with a third elasticity level and a fourth surface portion with a fourth elasticity level, wherein the fourth elasticity level is greater than the third elasticity level, wherein the fourth surface portion is smaller than the third surface portion, and wherein middle support surface and the lower support surface are moved so as to overlap the second surface portion and the fourth surface portion, thereby creating a localized surface portion with greater elasticity below a selected part of the sleeping person's body that has a pressure ulcer and/or is particularly vulnerable to developing a pressure ulcer.