FIELD ODOR SCREENING SYSTEM

Abstract

A system that screens for particularly identified odors, such as those associated with explosive and other bomb-making materials, weapons and illegal drugs, includes an odor delivery unit with one or more fans that force air across the object being screened, such as a person. The airflow from the odor delivery unit passes over and across the object being screened creating an odor stream that passes through a partition that allows the odor stream to flow freely through it and simultaneously obscures a canine positioned on the other side of the partition from view by the person or object being screened.

Claims

1. A screening system comprising: an odor delivery unit forcing air in a controlled direction across an object being screened generating an odor stream including odors emanating from said object being screened; a canine trained to detect one or more odors in the odor stream; an obscuring unit positioned in the odor stream and between the object being screened and said canine.

2. The screening system of claim 1, wherein said odor delivery unit includes one or more fans configured to direct airflow across the object being screened.

3. The screening system of claim 2, wherein at least one of the fans of said odor delivery unit is located above the object being screened and is configured to force air in a downward direction and towards said obscuring unit.

4. The screening system of claim .sub.3, wherein said obscuring unit includes fixed slats that obstruct visibility between the object being screened and said canine.

5. The screening system of claim .sub.3, wherein said obscuring unit includes rotatable louvers that obstruct visibility between the object being screened and said canine and can be adjusted to increase and decrease one or more of said visibility and a volume of said air being forced towards said canine.

6. A screening system comprising: a fan unit forcing air in a controlled direction across an object being screened generating an odor stream including odors emanating from said object being screened; an odor detection device configured to detect one or more predetermined odors in the odor stream; an obscuring panel positioned in the odor stream and between the object being screened and said odor detection device.

7. The screening system of claim 6, wherein said odor delivery unit includes one or more fans configured to direct airflow across the object being screened.

8. The screening system of claim 7, wherein at least one of the fans of said odor delivery unit is located above the object being screened and is configured to force air in a downward direction and towards said obscuring unit.

9. The screening system of claim 8, wherein said obscuring unit includes fixed slats that obstruct visibility between the object being screened and said odor detection device.

10. The screening system of claim 8, wherein said obscuring unit includes rotatable louvers that obstruct visibility between the object being screened and said odor detection device and can be adjusted to increase and decrease one or more of said visibility and a volume of said air being forced towards said odor detection device.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The aspects and features of various exemplary embodiments will be more apparent from the description of those exemplary embodiments taken with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0021] FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an exemplary system in accordance with the disclosure;

[0022] FIG. 2A is a front view of an odor delivery system (ODS) in accordance with the disclosure;

[0023] FIG. 2B is a side view of the odor delivery system (ODS) shown in FIG. 2A;

[0024] FIG. 3 shows the relative dimensions of various portions of the ODS as shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B;

[0025] FIG. 4 is a perspective view of an exemplary obscuring permeable partition in accordance with the system shown in FIG. 1.

DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS

[0026] Referring to FIG. 1, an exemplary embodiment consistent with the present invention includes a system that permits fast, effective canine detection of specific odors for which the dog has been trained to detect, without requiring the animal to be in direct contact with the person or item being screened. More particularly, according to this embodiment odor delivery system (ODS) (100) is energized and fans 1a, 1b and 1c are individually calibrated by the system operator, either alone or using various known calibration tools, to a setting related to airflow measured in cubic feet per minute (cfm). The calibration takes ambient conditions into consideration. Such calibration enables, among other things, the unit to be employed in either indoor or outdoor environments and under various ambient conditions. One objective of the calibration procedure is to achieve a cfm level sufficient to ‘push’ odor particles being screened (30) to achieve the required ‘odor stream.’ However, in most situations the operator calibrates the system to a cfm level that prevents the rapid dispersion or ‘spraying’ of the odor particles.

[0027] The person, or other object, to be screened (20) stands, or is otherwise placed, on a designated location, such as “feet labels” on the floor/ground, and positioned as shown relative to the ODS. In accordance with the embodiment shown, the person's shoulders are made perpendicular to the front of the ODS (100). The feet labels are centered and perpendicular to the center of the ODS′ fans (1a-1c) to ensure substantially equal amounts of air to pass by the person/object being screened on each side. This must be estimated much of the time by a handler experienced in the use of the system under variable conditions. The handler would then test and approve of the specific calibration using a test odor planted on a test subject prior to the system being employed.

[0028] The airflow, including particles to be detected, (30) is directed past the person/object being screened (20) forcing transport of the subject odor to be screened in the direction of arrows. The air and odor particulates pass through the Obscuring Permeable Partition (40) that obscures and physically separates the trained animal from the person/object being screened while allowing airflow to reach the trained animal positioned on the other side. The partition's louvers, e.g., 8′×4″×1/8″ design, spaced one inch apart and angled 35 degrees downward toward the trained animal, making the person or object obscured to the animal as well.

[0029] The animal (50), such as a trained canine, screens for target odors as directed by its handler (e.g., explosives, drugs, agricultural products, etc.) and alerts as trained. The embodiment shown in FIG. 1 illustrates one system of what could be a series of co-located systems as dictated by screening throughput objectives and the amount of people/objects being screened.

[0030] FIGS. 2A and 2B show the front and side views, respectively, of an odor delivery system (ODS) such as the one depicted in FIG. 1. Fans (1a-1c) are positioned to maximize the amount of odor stream produced in a downward direction across the body of the screened person/object and can be commercial fans, such as that are designed to work indoors or outdoors with blades (7) approximately 24-36 inches in diameter, with a minimum capability of about 2000 cfm.

[0031] Housing (2) in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B is a paneled cabinet made of aluminum sheets with a rear access door (not shown). Mounting Brackets (3) are fixed to the cabinet wall and are attached to and support fans 1a-1c. Modulation Unit (4), in accordance with the disclosed embodiment, includes three lighting rotary switches (not shown) corresponding to the three respective fans, 1a-1c, for example, 600-Watt Single-Pole, wired to respected fans mounted in an electrical housing. Housing Frame (5) in the present embodiment is two inch square aluminum tubing to which aluminum sheet is affixed.

[0032] In further reference to the exemplary embodiment of FIGS. 2A and 2B, mesh covering (6) comprises a flat sheet of aluminum mesh or screen having a mill finish, H14 temper cut into desired length, e.g., 4 feet, and width, e.g., 4 feet, with an overall thickness of approximately 0.060 inches.

[0033] Air Intake Mesh (8) is made of the same material as the mesh (6) covering the fan blades (7). Electrical Wiring (9) electrically connects the modulation unit (4) to the fans 1a-1c and comprises 12-gauge wire rated for 20-amps of current.

[0034] FIG. 3 shows front and side views of the cabinet 100 with designations A-E depicting the relative size dimensions of the various sections of the cabinet. For example, height (A) indicates the overall height of the cabinet which, according to the embodiment shown, is approximately 9-10 feet and (C) represents the cabinet depth, which is approximately 5-7 feet. Dimension (B) depicts the height, and (E) represents the width, of the object chamber. The height (A) is approximately 7-8 feet tall to accommodate the height of most people and (E) is approximately 2-4 feet. The width of the cabinet, represented by (D) is approximately 4-6 feet. The dimensions indicated are exemplary and one of ordinary skill in the art would know that other dimensions can be used and are within the spirit and scope of the invention. For example, if the ODS is being used to detect odors on an object such as a suitcase, as opposed to a person as indicated in the present embodiment, the dimensions would be less than those provided above.

[0035] FIG. 4 illustrates a permeable barrier (e.g., 40 in FIG. 1) in accordance with one or more exemplary embodiments. According to the embodiment shown, barrier (40) includes slats or louvers (60) which obstruct the visibility of the animal, such as dog (50) in FIG. 1, from the perspective of the cabinet, and more specifically the person (20) being screened. Slats are fixed and louvers can be rotated to allow more or less air to pass through the barrier and conversely provide less or more visibility obstruction. For example, if the object being screened is a person it may be more desirable to provide increased visibility obstruction in order to limit the possible apprehension of the person being screened, e.g., if they are extremely afraid of dogs. On the other hand, of the object is a suitcase or some other inanimate object, it might be desirable to maximize the air flow and limit the visibility obstruction.

[0036] The dimensions of the exemplary permeable barrier (40) shown in FIG. 4 are indicated by the letters X, Y and Z. Height (X) is approximately 3-5 feet, for example, to provide a sufficient angle in order to obstruct the person's view of the dog. Length (Y), according to this embodiment, is approximately the same as dimension (D) provided in regard to FIG. 3 and width (Z) is approximately 6-12 inches to provide adequate free-standing stability to the barrier; however, it is possible that the barrier could be connected to a platform that also connects to the cabinet and, thus, can be thinner.

[0037] An exemplary embodiment of the invention operates as follows. The owner of a sports stadium employs the system to screen individuals for explosive odor before entering the venue. In accordance with the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the person, or other object, to be screened (20) stands, or is otherwise placed, on a designated location, such as “feet labels” on the floor/ground, and positioned as shown relative to the ODS. The person's shoulders are made perpendicular to the front of the ODS (100). The feet labels are centered and perpendicular to the center of the ODS' fans (1a-1c) to ensure substantially equal amounts of air to pass by the person/object being screened on each side. The ODS sends odor past the person, captures odors in the airstream, and proceeds through the obscuring permeable barrier. On the opposite side of the barrier, the trained canine “sniffs” the air and alerts its handler of target odor should it be present. The person is detained for further investigation accordance with predetermined law enforcement/security operational procedure.

[0038] The foregoing description of the certain exemplary embodiments has been provided for the purpose of explaining the general principles and practical application, thereby enabling others skilled in the art to understand the disclosure for various embodiments and with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. This description is not necessarily intended to be exhaustive or to limit the disclosure to the exemplary embodiments disclosed. Any of the embodiments and/or elements disclosed herein may be combined with one another to form various additional embodiments not specifically disclosed. Accordingly, additional embodiments are possible and are intended to be encompassed within this specification and the scope of the appended claims. The specification describes specific examples to accomplish a more general goal that may be accomplished in another way.

[0039] As used in this application, the terms “front,” “rear,” “upper,” “lower,” “upwardly,” “downwardly,” and other orientational descriptors are intended to facilitate the description of the exemplary embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the structure of the exemplary embodiments of the present application to any particular position or orientation. Terms of degree, such as “substantially” or “approximately” are understood by those of ordinary skill to refer to reasonable ranges outside of the given value, for example, general tolerances associated with manufacturing, assembly, and use of the described embodiments.