Polyamide moulding composition for extrusion blow moulding

Abstract

Thermoplastic moulding composition consisting of (A) 51 to 69.9 wt % of polyamide elastomer; (B) 15 to 38 wt % of ethylene-α-olefin copolymer; (C) 3 to 25 wt % of polyamide selected from the group consisting of: PA6, PA66, PA6/66, PA610, PA612, PA614, PA616, PA6/610, PA66/610 or mixtures thereof; (D) 0.1 to 2.0 wt % of heat stabilizers based on copper and/or iodide, organic stabilizers or a mixture thereof; (E) 0 to 5.0 wt % of additives, different from (A) to (D);
where the sum of (A) to (E) makes 100 wt % of the total moulding composition, and with the proviso that the sum of (B) and (C) is in the range from 30 to 48 wt % based on the total moulding composition.

Claims

1. A thermoplastic moulding composition consisting of: (A) 52-67.8 wt % of at least one polyamide elastomer, selected from the group consisting of: polyetheramide and polyetheresteramide, having hard segments selected from the group consisting of: PA6, PA66, PA6/66, PA610, PA612, and a combination thereof, and having soft segments in the form of OH- or NH.sub.2-functionalized polyether segments; (B) 18-36 wt % of at least one ethylene-α-olefin copolymer, where the α-olefin is selected from the group consisting of: but-1-ene, pent-1-ene, hex-1-ene, kept-1-ene and oct-1-ene and a combination thereof, and the ethylene-α-olefin copolymer is grafted with at least one system selected from the group consisting of: acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, and maleic anhydride, where the degree of grafting is 0.9 to 2.0 wt % based on the grafted ethylene-α-olefin copolymer; (C) 5-22 wt % of at least one polyamide selected from the group consisting of: PA6, PA66, PA6/66, PA610, and PA612; wherein the polyamide of component (C) has a relative viscosity of 3.4-4.2, measured according to ISO 307 (2013), in sulfuric acid, 1.0 wt %, 20° C.; (D) 0.1 to2.0 wt % of at least one of a heat stabilizer based on copper and/or iodide, lanthanoid compounds, or organic stabilizers; (E) 0 to 5.0 wt % of additives, different from (A) to (D); where the sum of (A) to (E) makes 100 wt % of the total moulding composition, and with the proviso that the sum of (B) and (C) is in the range from 32-45 wt % based on the total moulding composition.

2. The moulding composition according to claim 1, wherein the soft segments of the polyamide elastomer of component (A) are selected from the group consisting of: polypropylene glycol (PPG), polytetrahydrofuran (PTHF), and a combination thereof; and/or wherein the hard segments of the polyamide elastomer of component (A) are selected from the group consisting of: PA6, PA66, PA6/66 and a combination thereof; and/or wherein the polyamide elastomer of component (A) or the mixture of polyamide elastomers of component (A) has a melting point, measured according to ISO 11357-3 (2013) at a heating rate of 20° C./min, in the range of 180-250° C., and/or a relative viscosity, measured according to ISO 307 (2013) at a concentration of 0.5 g of polymer in 100 ml of m-cresol and a temperature of 20° C., in the range from 1.40 to 2.40; and/or wherein the number-average molar mass of the soft segments is 200 to 5000 g/mol.

3. The moulding composition according to claim 1, wherein the total ethylene-α-olefin copolymer of component (B) is grafted exclusively with maleic anhydride; and/or wherein component (B) consists exclusively of an ethylene-1-butene copolymer which is grafted with maleic anhydride with a degree of grafting in the range of 1.1-1.3 wt %, based on the grafted ethylene-1-butene copolymer; and/or wherein the ethylene-α-olefin copolymer of component (B) or the mixture of the ethylene-α-olefin copolymers of component (B) has a melting point in the range of 40-80° C., and/or a glass transition point of less than −20° C., and/or a melt flow index (MFR) in the range of 0.5-5.0 g/10 min or 0.8-2.0 g/10 min, at 230° C. and 2.16 kg as measured according to ASTM D 1238.

4. The moulding composition according to claim 1, wherein the fraction of component (D) in the total moulding composition is in the range of 0.2-2.0 wt %.

5. The moulding composition according to claim 1, wherein the heat stabilizers of component (D) comprise systems or consist of systems selected from the group consisting of: copper(I) iodide, potassium iodide, organic stabilizers, and a mixture thereof; and/or wherein the heat stabilizers of component (D) comprise or are exclusively formed by a mixture of copper(I) iodide, and potassium iodide; and/or wherein the heat stabilizers of component (D) comprise or are exclusively formed by a mixture of pentaerythritol tetrakis(3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate) and tetrakismethylene(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamato)methane; and/or wherein the heat stabilizers of component (D) comprise systems or consist of systems selected from the group consisting of: copper(I) iodide, potassium iodide, lanthanum acetate, lanthanum hydroxide, lanthanum oxide, cerium acetate, cerium tetrahydroxide, cerium oxide, and mixtures thereof.

6. The moulding composition according to claim 1, wherein the fraction of component (E) in the total moulding composition is in the range of 0-4.0 wt %; and/or wherein the additives of component (E) comprise systems selected from the following group or consist of these systems: crystallization accelerators or retardants, flow aids, lubricants, demoulding agents, pigments, dye and marking substances, processing aids, antistatic agents, carbon nanotubes, residues from polymerization processes, antioxidants, antiozonants, light stabilizers, UV stabilizers, UV absorbers or UV blockers, IR absorbers, NIR absorbers, antiblocking agents, nucleating agents, chain transfer agents, defoamers, chain-extending additives, conductivity additives, release agents, organic pigments, carbon black, graphite, graphene, photochromic agents, demoulding agents, optical brighteners, and also mixtures and combinations thereof.

7. The moulding composition according to claim 1, wherein the moulding composition has a melt strength in the range of 30-70 seconds; and/or wherein the moulding composition has a tensile elasticity modulus of at most 800 MPa measured according to ISO 527 (2012), dry state; and/or wherein the moulding composition exhibits no delamination under dynamic-mechanical stressing after at least 1.3 million cycles with alternating compressive and tensile loading at 150° C.

8. A process for producing a moulding composition according to claim 1, wherein components (A)-(E) in unison in melted or unmolten form are metered into a mixing apparatus.

9. The process for producing according to claim 8, wherein components (A)-(E) in unison in melted form are metered into a mixing apparatus, in the form of an extrusion apparatus having one, two or more screws.

10. A method of using a moulding composition according to claim 1 comprising, applying the molding composition in a blow moulding process an injection moulding process, an extrusion process or a coextrusion process.

11. The method of use according to claim 10, comprising use in a blow moulding process, selected from an extrusion blow moulding process, a stretch blow moulding process, 3D blow moulding, coextrusion blow moulding, coextrusion 3D blow moulding, sequential coextrusion, coextrusion suction blow moulding, or sequential blow moulding.

12. A moulding made from a moulding composition according to claim 1.

13. The moulding composition according to claim 1, wherein the fraction of component (A) in the total moulding composition is in the range of 53-64.6 wt %.

14. The moulding composition according to claim 1, wherein the fraction of component (A) in the total moulding composition is in the range of 56-63.5 wt %.

15. The moulding composition according to claim 1, wherein the hard segments of the polyamide elastomer of component (A) are formed exclusively by PA6; and/or wherein the polyamide elastomer of component (A) or the mixture of polyamide elastomers of component (A) has a melting point, measured according to ISO 11357-3 (2013) at a heating rate of 20° C./min, in the range of 200-220° C., and/or a relative viscosity, measured according to ISO 307 (2013) at a concentration of 0.5 g of polymer in 100 ml of m-cresol and a temperature of 20° C., in the range from 1.50-2.20; and/or wherein the number-average molar mass of the soft segments, in the form of polyetherdiols and/or polyetherdiamines, is 200 to 5000 g/mol.

16. The moulding composition according to claim 1, wherein the number-average molar mass of the soft segments, is 400 to 3000 g/mol.

17. The moulding composition according to claim 1, wherein the fraction of the soft segments in the polyetheresteramide and/or polyetheramide is 5 to 60 wt %.

18. The moulding composition according to claim 1, wherein the fraction of the soft segments in the polyetheresteramide and/or polyetheramide is 20 to 50 wt %.

19. The moulding composition according to claim 1, wherein the fraction of component (B) in the total moulding composition is in the range of 20-33 wt %.

20. The moulding composition according to claim 1, wherein the fraction of component (B) in the total moulding composition is in the range of 2533 wt %.

21. The moulding composition according to claim 1, wherein the degree of grafting of the ethylene-α-olefin copolymer of component (B) is in the range of 1.0-1.4 wt %; and/or the ethylene-a-olefin copolymer of component (B) or the mixture of the ethylene-α-olefin copolymers of component (B) has a melting point in the range of 60-70° C., and/or a glass transition point of less than −30° C., and/or a melt flow index (MFR) in the range of 1.0-1.5 g/10 min at 230° C. and 2.16 kg as measured according to ASTM D 1238.

22. The moulding composition according to claim 1, wherein the fraction of component (C) in the total moulding composition is in the range of 7-18 wt %.

23. The moulding composition according to claim 1, wherein the fraction of component (C) in the total moulding composition is in the range of 8-15 wt %.

24. The moulding composition according to claim 1, wherein the polyamide of component (C) is selected from the group consisting of: PA6, PA66, and PA6/66; and/or in that the polyamide of component (C) has a relative viscosity of 3.6-4.0 measured according to ISO 307 (2013), sulfuric acid, 1.0 wt %, 20° C.; and/or in that the polyamide of component (C) consists exclusively of PA6, where this PA6 has a relative viscosity of 3.5-4.1 measured according to ISO 307 (2013), sulfuric acid, 1.0 wt %, 20° C.

25. The moulding composition according to claim 1, wherein the fraction of component (D) in the total moulding composition is in the range 0.3-2.0 wt %.

26. The moulding composition according to claim 1, wherein the fraction of component (D) in the total moulding composition is in the range of 0.3-1.5 wt %.

27. The moulding composition according to claim 1, wherein the heat stabilizers of component (D) comprise systems or consist of systems selected from the group consisting of: copper(I) iodide, potassium iodide, organic stabilizers, and a mixture thereof, where the organic stabilizers are selected from the group consisting of: pentaerythritol tetrakis(3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate), tetrakismethylene(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamato)methane and a mixture of these systems; and/or in that the heat stabilizers of component (D) comprise or are exclusively formed by a mixture of copper(I) iodide, and potassium iodide, where the fraction of copper(I) iodide is in the range of 0.02-0.1 wt % and the fraction of potassium iodide is in the range of 0.2-0.6 wt %, based in each case on the total moulding composition; and/or wherein the heat stabilizers of component (D) comprise or are exclusively formed by a mixture of pentaerythritol tetrakis(3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate) and tetrakismethylene(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamato)methane, in a weight ratio of 1:1- 3:1.

28. The moulding composition according to claim 1, wherein the fraction of component (E) in the total moulding composition is in the range of 0.1-3.0 wt %; and/or wherein the additives of component (E) comprise systems selected from the following group or consist of these systems: crystallization accelerators or retardants, flow aids, lubricants, demoulding agents, pigments, dye and marking substances, processing aids, antistats, carbon nanotubes, residues from polymerization processes in the form of catalysts, salts and derivatives thereof, antioxidants, antiozonants, light stabilizers, UV stabilizers, UV absorbers or UV blockers, IR absorbers, NIR absorbers, antiblocking agents, nucleating agents, chain transfer agents, defoamers, chain-extending additives, conductivity additives, release agents, organic pigments, carbon black, graphite, graphene, photochromic agents, demoulding agents, optical brighteners, and also mixtures and combinations thereof.

29. The moulding composition according to claim 1, wherein the additives of component (E) comprise systems selected from the following group or consisting of: demoulding aids, light stabilizers, pigments, dyes, and chain extenders.

30. The moulding composition according to claim 1, wherein the sum of (B) and (C) is in the range of 35-42 wt %.

31. The moulding composition according to claim 1, wherein the sum of (B) and (C) is in the range of 36-41 wt %.

32. The moulding composition according to claim 1, wherein the moulding composition has a melt strength in the range of 35-60 seconds or in the range of 40- 55 seconds; and/or in that the moulding composition has a tensile elasticity modulus of 100-700 MPa measured according to ISO 527 (2012), dry state.

33. The moulding composition according to claim 1, wherein the fraction of component (E) in the total moulding composition is in the range of 0.2-2.5 wt %.

34. The moulding composition according to claim 1, wherein the additives of component (E) comprise systems selected from the following group or consist of these systems: acrylic acid-modified polyolefins with a degree of grafting of more than 4 wt % and/or combination of a polycarbonate with an acid-terminated polyamide.

35. The moulding composition according to claim 1, wherein the additives of component (E) comprise a polyethylene grafted with acrylic acid, with a degree of grafting in the range of 5-7 wt %, based on the grafted polyethylene.

Description

DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

(1) Preferred embodiments of the invention are described below by means of the working examples, which serve merely for illustration and should not be interpreted as imposing any limitation.

(2) Production of the moulding compositions:

(3) The moulding compositions identified in Tables 1 and 2 were produced on a ZSK25 twin-screw extruder from Werner and Pfleiderer at temperatures between 240 and 300° C., a screw speed of 200 rpm and a throughput of 10 kg/h. For this purpose, the ingredients listed were metered into the intake of the extruder. The melt was drawn off as a strand from a die 3 mm in diameter and was pelletized after water cooling. The pellets were dried for 24 hours at 80° C. under reduced pressure of 30 mbar.

(4) Production of the test specimens:

(5) The compounds were moulded using an Arburg Allrounder 320-210-750 injection moulding machine to form specimens at defined barrel temperatures of zones 1 to 4 of 240 to 280° C. and a moulding tool temperature of 100° C.

(6) TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Inventive examples E1 to E5 Components Unit E1 E2 E3 E4 E5 PA6-Polyether block copolyamide wt % 58.6 58.6 57.6 56.6 58.6 Tafmer MH5020C wt % 30.0 30.0 30.0 20.0 Tafmer MH7020 wt % 30.0 PA6 wt % 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 20.0 Potassium iodide wt % 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.35 Copper(I) iodide wt % 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 Irganox/Anox (7:3) wt % 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 Euthylen black wt % 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 Polybond 1009 wt % 1.00 2.00 Elasticity modulus MPa 230 260 230 230 550 Breaking stress MPa 21 22 22 21 24 Elongation at break % 240 230 250 220 200 Thermal ageing resistance: %/% 65/60 62/58 68/60 70/55 72/65 retention BS/EB.sup.1) MST 240° C. s 45 47 51 59 51 MST 260° C. s 43 43 48 57 47 CaCl.sub.2 resistance: — ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ cracking Retention BS/EB.sup.1) %/% 100/100 100/100 100/100 100/100 100/100 Dyn. tension-elongation — none.sup.2) none.sup.2) none.sup.2) none.sup.2) none.sup.2) test: Delamination after cycles .sup.1)BS = breaking stress, EB = elongation at break .sup.2)no delamination after 1.3 million cycles

(7) TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Comparative Examples CE1 to CE6 CE6 Components Unit CE1 CE2 CE3 CE4 CE5 [TB1] PA6-Polyether block amide wt % 58.6  56.6  58.6  56.6  39.5  Pebax 5533 wt % 60.0  Tafmer MC201 wt % 30.0  30.0  20.0  20.0  Fusabond N493 wt % 6.00 Exxelor VA1801 wt % 4.00 20.0  PA6 wt % 10.0  10.0  20.0  20.0  PA1010 30.0  PA12 wt % 39.5  Potassium iodide wt % 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.35 Copper iodide wt % 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 Irganox/Anox wt % 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 Euthylen black wt % 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 Polybond 1009 wt % 2.00 2.00 Elasticity modulus MPa 250    250    570    560    840    880    Braking stress MPa 21    21    25    25    26    26    Elongation at break % 270    250    220    200    220    250    Thermal ageing resistance: %/% 58/55 64/53 65/52 67/51 25/15 45/35 retention BS/EB.sup.1) MST 240° C. S 45    51    48    58    26    27    MST 260° C. S 43    48    46    55    22    25    CaCl.sub.2 resistance: — ++ ++ + + + ++ cracking Retention BS/EB.sup.1) %/% 100/100 100/100 95/90 96/85 90/85 95/90 Dyn. tension-elongation — 30 000      32 000      23 000      26 000      17 000      22 000      test: Delamination after cycles .sup.1)BS = breaking stress, EB = elongation at break

(8) PA6-Polyether block amide:

(9) Polyetheramide composed of PA6-dicarboxylic acid (76 wt %) and polypropylene glycol-diamine segments (24 wt %), melting point=210° C., relative viscosity=1.85, EMS-CHEMIE (CH)

(10) Tafmer MH5020C:

(11) Tafmer MI-15020C is an ethylene-1-butene copolymer with 50 wt % of but-1-ene, from Mitsui Chemicals (JP); 1.2 wt % of maleic anhydride; density 0.866 g/cm.sup.3; MFR 1.2 g/10 min at 230° C. and 2.16 kg as measured according to ASTM D 1238.

(12) Tafmer MH7020:

(13) Tafmer MH7020 is an ethylene-1-butene copolymer with 30 wt % of but-1-ene, from Mitsui Chemicals (JP); 1.2 wt % of maleic anhydride; density 0.873 g/cm.sup.3; MFR 1.5 g/10 min at 230° C. and 2.16 kg as measured according to ASTM D 1238.

(14) Pebax 5533 SA 01:

(15) Polyether-block-amide based on PA12 hard segments and polytetrahydrofuran ether segments, having a melting point of 155° C. and a Shore hardness of 54 (ISO 868), Arkema (FR)

(16) Tafmer MC201:

(17) Tafmer MC201 is a mixture of 67 wt % of ethylene-propylene copolymer (20 wt % of propylene) and 33 wt % of ethylene-but-1-ene copolymer (15 wt % of but-1-ene) grafted with 0.5 wt % of maleic anhydride, from Mitsui Chemicals (JP)

(18) Fusabond N493:

(19) Fusabond N493 is an ethene-oct-1-ene copolymer, grafted with maleic anhydride (0.5 wt %), MFR 1.6 g/10 min at 230° C. and 2.16 kg as measured according to ASTM D 1238, from DuPont (USA)

(20) Exxelor VA1801:

(21) Exxelor VA1801 is an ethene-propene copolymer grafted with 0.7 wt % of maleic anhydride, from ExxonMobil Chemicals (USA); density 0.88 g/cm.sup.3; MFR 9.0 g/10 min at 230° C. and 10.0 kg as measured according to ISO 1133; Tg=−44° C.

(22) PA6

(23) Polycaprolactam with melting point of 222° C. and a relative viscosity of 3.6 (sulfuric acid, 1 wt %, 20° C., ISO 307 (2013)), EMS-CHEMIE (CH)

(24) Potassium iodide:

(25) KI from AJAY Europe S.A.R.L. (FR)

(26) Copper(I) iodide:

(27) CuI from William Blythe (UK)

(28) Irganox/Anox:

(29) Mixture of Irganox 1010 (CAS 6683-19-8, phenolic antioxidant from BASF) and Anox 20 (CAS 6683-19-8, phenolic antioxidant from Addivant) in a ratio of 7:3

(30) Euthylen Black 00-6005 C4:

(31) Pigmentary carbon black masterbatch based on polyethylene, with 40 wt % of pigmentary carbon black, BASF Color Solutions

(32) Polybond:

(33) Polybond 1009 is an acrylic acid-grafted high-density polyethylene (AA-HDPE) from Addivant with a degree of grafting of 6.0 wt %; density 0.95 g/cm.sup.3; MFR 5.0 g/10 min at 190° C. and 2.16 kg as measured according to ASTM D 1238; Tm=127° C.

(34) The measurements were carried out according to the following standards and on the following test specimens:

(35) Test specimens in the dry state, after injection moulding, are stored for at least 48 h at room temperature in a dry environment, i.e. over silica gel.

(36) The thermal behaviour, the melting point (Tm), the enthalpy of fusion (ΔHm) and the glass transition temperature (Tg)—was determined on pellets using the ISO standard 11357-1, -2 and -3 (2013). The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was carried out with a heating rate of 20 K/min.

(37) The relative viscosity (η.sub.rel) of polyamide elastomers of component (A) was determined according to DIN EN ISO 307 (2013) on solutions of 0.5 g of polymer dissolved in 100 ml of m-cresol at a temperature of 20° C. The sample used was pellets.

(38) The relative viscosity (η.sub.rel) of polyamides of component (C) was determined according to DIN EN ISO 307 (2013) on solutions of 1.0 wt % of polymer dissolved in sulfuric acid (98%) at a temperature of 20° C. The sample used was pellets.

(39) Tensile elasticity modulus, breaking stress and elongation at break: Tensile elasticity modulus, breaking stress and elongation at break were determined according to ISO 527 (2012) with a tensioning speed of 1 mm/min (tensile elasticity modulus) or with a tensioning speed of 50 mm/min (breaking stress, elongation at break) on an ISO tensile bar, standard ISO/CD 3167 (2014), type A1, 170×20/10×4 mm at 23° C. temperature in the dry state.

(40) Determination of the melt strength (MST): The melt strength refers to the “stability” of the preform during extrusion blow moulding. As already mentioned above, suitable moulding compositions for extrusion blow moulding are only those whose melt strength lies within a certain range, i.e. within a suitable processing window. The applicant has developed an independent, practice-based method for assessing whether the melt strength is within the stated range. With this method, using a single-screw extruder (screw diameter=45 mm, L/D=25, Schwabenthan SM30U, Berlin), a parison is extruded continuously via an angled head. The measured variable is the time needed for the parison to travel the distance from the die to the floor. With the arrangement used, this distance is 100 cm. The melt strength measurement is operated with a constant ejection rate of 100 cubic centimetres of moulding composition melt per minute and with a temperature adapted to the type of polymer (see values in Tables 1 and 2). The time is measured starting from the moment when the parison, emerging continuously from an annular extrusion die, is tapped from the extrusion die with a spatula. The time is halted as soon as the newly emergent, downwardly migrating section of parison touches the floor (see FIG. 2 in EP1841824B1). The melt strength determined in this way is reported in seconds. A material which has a poor ability to bear its own increasing weight (as a result of the continually extruded melt), and which therefore begins to exhibit viscous elongation, will lengthen to a greater degree, and hence the tip of the parison will touch the floor earlier; in other words, the shorter measuring time corresponds to a lower melt strength. The practical advantage of this method for determining blow mouldability is that it is not based only on a single property viewed in isolation, such as the molecular weight of the polyamide or a viscosity, but instead that all further influencing variables relevant to the behaviour of the extruded parison preform are included automatically and integrally in the measured time. Determination of calcium chloride resistance: The calcium chloride resistance was determined using ISO tensile bars according to the standard ISO/CD 3167 (2014), type A1, 170×20/10×4 mm. The test was carried out in 20 cycles, and in each cycle the test specimens were stored for 2 hours at 80° C. and a relative humidity of 95%, and then were sprayed from both sides with a concentrated aqueous calcium chloride solution—the CaCl2 concentration was 74.5 g/100 ml of solution (simulation of the “salt mist” when driving a car in the winter), and stored in air at 100° C. for 5 hours.

(41) After 5, 10, 15 and 20 cycles, the test specimens were examined visually with the aid of a microscope (5-10 times magnification) for cracking, and a tension-elongation test was carried out according to ISO 527 (2012) (in the dry state), with determinations of the breaking stress and of the elongation at break (5 specimens in each case were measured). Evaluation for cracking: ++: no cracking, +: a few small cracks, o: some large cracks, oo: numerous large cracks

(42) Dynamic tension-elongation test (delamination): The test specimens used were ISO 37 (2011) type 2 tensile bars, punched from injection-moulded plates with dimensions of 100×100×3 mm. The tensile bars were clamped into the temperature-conditionable tension-elongation apparatus Instron E3000 in such a way that the free test-specimen length between the two clamping devices was 45 mm (initial position). After the apparatus had been heated to 150° C., the tensile bar was periodically extended and then compressed again with a frequency of 10 Hz and a stroke of 9 mm, corresponding to a 20% elongation of the tensile bar. After 1.3 million cycles of this kind, the dynamic tension-elongation test is ended. A determination was made of the number of cycles after which initial signs of delamination occurred.

(43) Thermal ageing resistance (TAR):

(44) For the determination of the thermal ageing resistance, ISO tensile bars, standard ISO/CD 3167 (2014), type A1, 170×20/10×4 mm, were stored at 150° C. in a forced air oven (Binder FD115). After a storage time of 1000 hours, a tension-elongation test was performed on the dry tensile bars according to ISO 527 (2012) at 23° C. with a tensioning speed of 50 mm/min (5 test specimens each per moulding composition), and determinations were made of the breaking stress and the elongation at break. The tables above report the percentage retention of the breaking stress and elongation at break, respectively, after 1000 hours of storage, relative to the respective values prior to the thermal storage.