BREATHABLE GEOSYNTHETIC CLAY LINER AND PRODUCTION PROCESS THEREFOR

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of ecological environment remediation, and in particular to a breathable geosynthetic clay liner and a production process therefor. The breathable geosynthetic clay liner of the present application includes an upper breathable layer, a lower breathable layer, and a breathable and impermeable sand layer sandwiched between the upper breathable layer and the lower breathable layer; and the breathable and impermeable sand layer includes breathable and impermeable particles and expansive particles. The breathable geosynthetic clay liner of the present application is convenient to construct, high in production efficiency, and free of dust during a construction process.

Claims

1. A breathable geosynthetic clay liner, comprising an upper breathable layer, a lower breathable layer, and a breathable and impermeable sand layer sandwiched between the upper breathable layer and the lower breathable layer; the breathable and impermeable sand layer comprises a breathable and impermeable particle and an expansive particle, and the expansive particle is added in an amount of 0.1% to 1000% of the mass of the breathable and impermeable particle.

2. The breathable geosynthetic clay liner of claim 1, wherein the expansive particle has a particle size of 0.001 mm-5 mm, preferably 0.075 mm-5 mm; the expansive particle is added in an amount of 5%-200% of the mass of the breathable and impermeable particle; preferably, the expansive particle is a mixture of a first expansive particle having a particle size of 0.048 mm-0.075 mm and a second expansive particle having a particle size of 2.8 mm-4 mm.

3. The breathable geosynthetic clay liner of claim 1, wherein the expansive particle is at least one of bentonite and clay; preferably, the expansive particle is a mixture of the bentonite and the clay, and the mass ratio of the bentonite to the clay is 1:0.1-200.

4. The breathable geosynthetic clay liner of claim 1, wherein the breathable and impermeable particle comprises an aggregate and a hydrophobic film covering the aggregate; the hydrophobic film is present in an amount of 0.005-10 wt % of the aggregate; the breathable and impermeable sand layer has a thickness of 1-30 mm; the breathable and impermeable particle has a particle size of 0.045 mm-1 mm.

5. The breathable geosynthetic clay liner of claim 4, wherein the hydrophobic film is a hydrophobic organic film, and the hydrophobic organic film is a film formed of one or more of a hydrophobic organic material selected from one or more of a hydrophobic epoxy resin, a hydrophobic phenolic resin, a hydrophobic polyurethane resin, a hydrophobic silicone resin, paraffin wax, and silane; preferably, the hydrophobic epoxy resin is one or more of a glycidyl ether epoxy resin, a glycidyl ester epoxy resin, a glycidyl amine epoxy resin, a linear aliphatic epoxy resin, and a alicyclic epoxy resin, a polysulfide rubber modified epoxy resin, a polyamide resin modified epoxy resin, a polyvinyl tert-butyraldehyde modified epoxy resin, a nitrile rubber modified epoxy resin, a phenolic resin modified epoxy resin, a polyester resin modified epoxy resin, an urea melamine resin modified epoxy resin, a furfural resin modified epoxy resin, a vinyl resin modified epoxy resin, isocyanate modified epoxy resin, and silicone resin modified epoxy resin; the hydrophobic phenolic resin is one or more of a xylene modified phenolic resin, an epoxy resin modified phenolic resin and a silicone modified phenolic resin.

6. The breathable geosynthetic clay liner of claim 4, wherein the aggregate is selected from one or more of quartz sand, slag, ceramsite, glass bead, medical stone, volcanic rock, kaolin, and graphite.

7. The breathable geosynthetic clay liner of claim 1, wherein the breathable and impermeable particle is prepared by a method comprising the following steps: 1) heating the aggregate to a temperature of 50° C. to 400° C.; 2) adding the hydrophobic organic material and stirring evenly to make the aggregate coated on its surface to obtain a coated particle; 3) cooling, crushing, and sieving to obtain the breathable and impermeable particle.

8. The breathable geosynthetic clay liner of claim 7, wherein the step 2) further comprises a step of adding the expansive particle to the coated particle, and the expansive particle is at least one of bentonite and clay; the expansive particle is in an amount of 1-20% of the weight of the aggregate; and the expansive particle has a particle size of 0.001 mm-5 mm.

9. The breathable geosynthetic clay liner of claim 1, wherein the upper breathable layer and/or the lower breathable layer are made of one or more materials selected from polyester fiber, polyethylene, polypropylene, polylactic acid PLA, polycaprolactone, polyurethane, polyvinyl acetal, cellulose triacetate, glass fiber, and polytetrafluoroethylene.

10. The breathable geosynthetic clay liner of claim 1, wherein the upper breathable layer and the lower breathable layer are provided with a plurality of connection points, and the upper breathable layer and the lower breathable layer are connected by fiber at each connection point.

11. The breathable geosynthetic clay liner of claim 2, wherein the expansive particle is at least one of bentonite and clay; preferably, the expansive particle is a mixture of the bentonite and the clay, and the mass ratio of the bentonite to the clay is 1:0.1-200.

12. The breathable geosynthetic clay liner of claim 2, wherein the breathable and impermeable particle is prepared by a method comprising the following steps: 1) heating the aggregate to a temperature of 50° C. to 400° C.; 2) adding the hydrophobic organic material and stirring evenly to make the aggregate coated on its surface to obtain a coated particle; 3) cooling, crushing, and sieving to obtain the breathable and impermeable particle.

13. The breathable geosynthetic clay liner of claim 2, wherein the upper breathable layer and the lower breathable layer are provided with a plurality of connection points, and the upper breathable layer and the lower breathable layer are connected by fiber at each connection point.

14. A production process of the breathable geosynthetic clay liner of claim 1, comprising the following steps: 1) laying a lower breathable layer; 2) laying a mixture of a breathable and impermeable particle and an expansive particle on the lower breathable layer, and scraping the mixture with a scraper to form a breathable and impermeable sand layer on the surface of the lower breathable layer; 3) laying an upper breathable layer on the breathable and impermeable sand layer; 4) fixedly connecting the upper breathable layer, the breathable and impermeable sand layer and the lower breathable layer through needle punching to form an integral body, thus obtaining a breathable geosynthetic clay liner.

15. The production process of claim 14, wherein an adhesive layer is coated on an the surface of the lower breathable layer; and/or, a wool layer is laid on the surface of the upper breathable layer and/or the lower breathable layer.

16. The production process of claim 15, wherein the upper breathable layer is a breathable fiber cloth layer, and the lower breathable layer is a woven cloth layer or a non-woven fabric layer; and the adhesive layer is environment-friendly glue.

17. The production process of claim 15, wherein, in the step 4), the upper breathable layer, the breathable and impermeable sand layer and the lower breathable layer are fixedly connected through needle punching with a hydrophobic thread to form an integral body, thus obtaining a breathable geosynthetic clay liner.

18. The production process of claim 14, wherein, in the step 4), the fiber of the upper breathable layer is brought to the lower breathable layer through needle punching, and fixed into the lower breathable layer.

19. The production process of claim 15, wherein, in the step 4), the fiber of the upper breathable layer is brought to the lower breathable layer through needle punching, and fixed by the adhesive layer coated on the lower breathable layer.

20. The production process of claim 15, wherein, in the step 1), the adhesive layer is coated on a rotating roller, and then the lower breathable layer is laid on the rotating roller and transported forward with the rotating roller, so that the adhesive layer is coated on a lower surface of the lower breathable layer.

Description

[0074] 1. lower breathable fiber cloth layer, 2. upper breathable fiber cloth layer, 3. funnel, 4. scraper, 5. needle plate, 6. rotating roller, 7. breathable and impermeable sand layer.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

[0075] The following embodiments are provided for better understanding of the present application, which are not limited to the best embodiment, and do not means to limit the content and protection scope of the present application. Any product identical or similar to the present application obtained by combining the features of other prior art and those of the present application shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0076] If specific experimental steps or conditions are not specified in the embodiments, it can be carried out according to the conventional experimental steps described in the prior art. The reagents or instruments used without indicating the manufacturers are all conventional reagent products that are commercially available.

Embodiment 1

[0077] The present embodiment provides a breathable geosynthetic clay liner, which comprises an upper breathable layer, a lower breathable layer, and a breathable and impermeable sand layer sandwiched between the upper breathable layer and the lower breathable layer. The upper breathable layer is an upper breathable fiber cloth layer, and the lower breathable layer is a lower breathable fiber cloth layer. The breathable and impermeable sand layer comprises a breathable and impermeable particle and an expansive particle, and the expansive particle is added in an amount of 0.1% of the mass of the breathable and impermeable particle. The breathable and impermeable particle has a particle size of 1 mm; and the expansive particle is bentonite having a particle size of 5 mm.

[0078] The breathable and impermeable particle comprises an aggregate such as quartz sand and a polyvinyl tert-butyraldehyde modified epoxy resin covering the aggregate. The polyvinyl tert-butyraldehyde modified epoxy resin is 0.005 wt % of the mass of the quartz sand.

[0079] The breathable and impermeable particle is prepared by a method comprising the following steps:

[0080] 1) heating quartz sand particles to a temperature of 50° C.;

[0081] 2) adding liquid polyvinyl tert-butyraldehyde modified epoxy resin, stirring thoroughly, then adding polyamide curing agent (accounting for 0.015 wt % of the quartz sand), and stirring evenly, so that the epoxy resin is coated on the surface of the quartz sand particles, thus obtaining coated particles; followed by cooling, crushing and sieving to obtain breathable and impermeable particles.

[0082] The production process of the above-mentioned breathable geosynthetic clay liner comprises the following steps:

[0083] 1) coating acrylic resin on a rotating roller 6, and a lower breathable layer 1 is laid on the rotating roller 6 and transported forward with the rotating roller 6, so that the acrylic resin is coated on a lower surface of the lower breathable layer ;

[0084] 2) laying a mixture of a breathable and impermeable particle and an expansive particle on an upper surface of the lower breathable fiber cloth layer 1 through a funnel 3 provided above the lower breathable fiber cloth layer 1, and scraping the mixture with a scraper 4 to form a breathable and impermeable sand layer 7 with a thickness of 1 mm;

[0085] 3) laying an upper breathable fiber cloth layer 2 on the breathable and impermeable sand layer 7; and

[0086] 4) fixedly connecting the upper breathable fiber cloth layer 2, the breathable and impermeable sand layer 7 and the lower breathable fiber cloth layer 1 through needle punching by using a needle on the needle plate 5 to form an integral body, wherein, the needle has a diameter of 0.3 mm, and the distance between two adjacent needles is 0.8 mm; specifically, the upper breathable fiber cloth layer and lower breathable fiber cloth layer are penetrated by a needle installed on the needle plate 5, the needle is provided with hangnails, and the needle plate 5 moves vertically downwards to bring fibers of the upper breathable fiber cloth layer 2 to the lower breathable fiber cloth layer 1 and fix them with an environmental-friendly glue coated on a surface of the lower breathable fiber cloth layer 1, meanwhile, when the needle plate 5 moves upwards, fibers of the lower breathable fiber cloth layer 1 are brought to the upper breathable fiber cloth layer 2 to realize the connection of the fibers of the upper breathable fiber cloth layer and lower breathable fiber cloth layer, thus firmly fixing the particles in the breathable and impermeable sand layer 7 thereof, and reducing the fluidity to obtain a breathable geosynthetic clay liner.

Embodiment 2

[0087] The present embodiment provides a breathable geosynthetic clay liner, which comprises an upper breathable layer, a lower breathable layer, and a breathable and impermeable sand layer sandwiched between the upper breathable layer and the lower breathable layer. The upper breathable layer is an upper breathable fiber cloth layer, and the lower breathable layer is a lower woven fabric. The breathable and impermeable sand layer comprises a breathable and impermeable particle and an expansive particle, and the expansive particle is added in an amount of 1000% of the mass of the breathable and impermeable particle. The breathable and impermeable particle has a particle size of 0.045 mm; and the expansive particle is clay having a particle size of 0.001 mm.

[0088] The breathable and impermeable particle comprises an aggregate such as quartz sand and a polyamide resin modified epoxy resin covering the aggregate. The polyamide resin modified epoxy resin is 10 wt % of the mass of the quartz sand.

[0089] The polyamide resin modified epoxy resin accounts for 10 wt % of the mass of the quartz sand.

[0090] The breathable and impermeable particle is prepared by a method comprising the following steps:

[0091] 1) heating quartz sand particles to a temperature of 400° C.;

[0092] 2) adding polyamide resin modified epoxy resin, stirring thoroughly, then adding alicyclic amine curing agent (accounting for 0.015 wt % of the quartz sand), and stirring evenly, so that the epoxy resin is coated on the surface of the quartz sand particles, thus obtaining coated particles; followed by cooling, crushing and sieving to obtain breathable and impermeable particles.

[0093] The production process of the above-mentioned breathable geosynthetic clay liner comprises the following steps:

[0094] 1) coating waterborne epoxy resin on a rotating roller 6, and a lower woven cloth is laid on the rotating roller 6 and transported forward with the rotating roller 6, so that the waterborne epoxy resin is coated on a lower surface of the lower woven cloth;

[0095] 2) laying a mixture of a breathable and impermeable particle and an expansive particle on an upper surface of the lower woven cloth through a funnel 3 provided above the lower woven cloth, and scraping the mixture with a scraper 4 to form a breathable and impermeable sand layer 7 with a thickness of 30 mm;

[0096] 3) laying an upper breathable fiber cloth layer 2 on the breathable and impermeable sand layer 7; and

[0097] 4) fixedly connecting the upper breathable fiber cloth layer 2, the breathable and impermeable sand layer 7 and the lower woven cloth through needle punching by using a needle on the needle plate 5 to form an integral body, wherein, the needle has a diameter of 0.5 mm, and the distance between two adjacent needles is 1.2 mm; specifically, the upper breathable fiber cloth layer 2 and the lower woven cloth are penetrated by a needle installed on the needle plate 5, the needle is provided with hangnails, and the needle plate 5 moves vertically downwards to bring fibers of the upper breathable fiber cloth layer 2 to the lower woven cloth and fix them with an environmental-friendly glue coated on a surface of the lower woven cloth, meanwhile, the needle plate 5 moves upwards, repeating for many times to realize the connection of the fibers in the upper breathable fiber cloth layer and lower woven cloth, thus firmly fixing the particles in the breathable and impermeable sand layer 7 thereof, and reducing the fluidity, to obtain a breathable geosynthetic clay liner.

Embodiment 3

[0098] The present embodiment provides a breathable geosynthetic clay liner, which comprises an upper breathable layer, a lower breathable layer, and a breathable and impermeable sand layer sandwiched between the upper breathable layer and the lower breathable layer. The upper breathable layer is an upper breathable fiber cloth layer, and the lower breathable layer is a lower breathable fiber cloth layer. The breathable and impermeable sand layer comprises a breathable and impermeable particle and an expansive particle, and the expansive particle is added in an amount of 5% of the mass of the breathable and impermeable particle. The breathable and impermeable particle has a particle size of 0.1 mm; and the expansive particle is bentonite having a particle size of 0.075 mm.

[0099] The breathable and impermeable particle comprises an aggregate such as quartz sand and a polyamide resin modified epoxy resin covering the aggregate. The polyamide resin modified epoxy resin is 3 wt % of the mass of the quartz sand.

[0100] The breathable and impermeable particle is prepared by a method comprising the following steps:

[0101] 1) heating quartz sand particles to a temperature of 70° C.;

[0102] 2) adding polyamide resin modified epoxy resin, stirring thoroughly, then adding alicyclic amine curing agent (accounting for 0.015 wt % of the quartz sand), and stirring evenly, so that the epoxy resin is coated on the surface of the quartz sand particles, thus obtaining coated particles; followed by cooling, crushing and sieving, thus obtaining breathable and impermeable particles.

[0103] The production process of the above-mentioned breathable geosynthetic clay liner comprises the following steps:

[0104] 1) coating waterborne epoxy resin on a rotating roller 6, and a lower breathable layer 1 is laid on the rotating roller 6 and transported forward with the rotating roller 6, so that the waterborne epoxy resin is coated on a lower surface of the lower breathable layer 1;

[0105] 2) laying a mixture of a breathable and impermeable particle and an expansive particle on an upper surface of the lower breathable fiber cloth layer 1 through a funnel 3 provided above the lower breathable fiber cloth layer 1, and scraping the mixture with a scraper 4 to form a breathable and impermeable sand layer 7 with a thickness of 6 mm;

[0106] 3) laying an upper breathable fiber cloth layer 2 on the breathable and impermeable sand layer 7; and

[0107] 4) fixedly connecting the upper breathable fiber cloth layer 2, the breathable and impermeable sand layer 7 and the lower breathable fiber cloth layer 1 through needle punching by using a needle on the needle plate 5 to form an integral body, wherein, the needle has a diameter of 0.4 mm, and the distance between two adjacent needles is 1.0 mm, specifically, the upper breathable fiber cloth layer and lower breathable fiber cloth layer are penetrated by a needle installed on the needle plate 5.The needle is provided with hangnails, and the needle plate 5 moves vertically downwards to bring fibers of the upper breathable fiber cloth layer 2 to the lower breathable fiber cloth layer 1 and fix them with an environmental-friendly glue coated on a surface of the lower breathable fiber cloth layer 1, meanwhile, when the needle plate 5 moves upwards, fibers of the lower breathable fiber cloth layer 1 are brought to the upper breathable fiber cloth layer 2 to realize the connection of the fibers of the upper breathable fiber cloth layer and lower breathable fiber cloth layer, thus firmly fixing the particles in the breathable and impermeable sand layer 7 thereof, and reducing the fluidity, to obtain a breathable geosynthetic clay liner.

Embodiment 4

[0108] When compared with Embodiment 3, the only difference of Embodiment 4 lies in that the expansive particle is added in an amount of 200% of the mass of the breathable and impermeable particle.

Embodiment 5

[0109] When compared with Embodiment 3, the only difference of Embodiment 5 lies in that the expansive particle is a mixture of the bentonite and the clay (the mass ratio of the bentonite to the clay is 1:0.1), and the expansive particle has a particle size of 0.075 mm.

Embodiment 6

[0110] When compared with Embodiment 3, the only difference of Embodiment 6 lies in that the expansive particle is a mixture of the bentonite and the clay (the mass ratio of the bentonite to the clay is 1:200), and the expansive particle has a particle size of 0.075 mm.

Embodiment 7

[0111] When compared with Embodiment 3, the only difference of Embodiment 7 lies in that the expansive particle is a mixture of the bentonite and the clay (the mass ratio of the bentonite to the clay is 1:50), and the expansive particle has a particle size of 0.075 mm.

Embodiment 8

[0112] The present embodiment provides a breathable geosynthetic clay liner, which comprises an upper breathable layer, a lower breathable layer, and a breathable and impermeable sand layer sandwiched between the upper breathable layer and the lower breathable layer. The upper breathable layer is an upper breathable fiber cloth layer, and the lower breathable layer is a lower breathable fiber cloth layer. The breathable and impermeable sand layer comprises a breathable and impermeable particle and an expansive particle, and the expansive particle is added in an amount of 5% of the mass of the breathable and impermeable particle. The breathable and impermeable particle has a particle size of 0.1 mm; and the expansive particle is clay having a particle size of 0.075 mm.

[0113] The breathable and impermeable particle comprises an aggregate and a polyamide resin modified epoxy resin covering the aggregate. The aggregate is a mixture of medical stone, volcanic rock and kaolin with a mass ratio of 1:5:20. The polyamide resin modified epoxy resin is 3 wt % of the mass of the aggregate.

[0114] The breathable and impermeable particle is prepared by a method comprising the following steps:

[0115] 1) heating quartz sand particles to a temperature of 70° C.;

[0116] 2) adding polyamide resin modified epoxy resin, stirring thoroughly, then adding alicyclic amine curing agent (accounting for 0.015 wt % of the aggregate), and stirring evenly, so that the epoxy resin is coated on the surface of the aggregate, thus obtaining coated particles; followed by cooling, crushing and sieving, to obtain a breathable and impermeable particle.

[0117] The production process of the above-mentioned breathable geosynthetic clay liner comprises the following steps:

[0118] 1) coating waterborne epoxy resin on a rotating roller 6, and a lower breathable layer 1 is laid on the rotating roller 6 and transported forward with the rotating roller 6, so that the waterborne epoxy resin is coated on a lower surface of the lower breathable layer 1;

[0119] 2) laying a mixture of a breathable and impermeable particle and an expansive particle on an upper surface of the lower breathable fiber cloth layer 1 through a funnel 3 provided above the lower breathable fiber cloth layer 1, and scraping the mixture with a scraper 4 to form a breathable and impermeable sand layer 7 with a thickness of 6 mm;

[0120] 3) laying an upper breathable fiber cloth layer 2 on the breathable and impermeable sand layer 7; and

[0121] 4) fixedly connecting the upper breathable fiber cloth layer 2, the breathable and impermeable sand layer 7 and the lower breathable fiber cloth layer 1 through needle punching by using a needle on the needle plate 5 to form an integral body, wherein, the needle has a diameter of 0.4 mm, and the distance between two adjacent needles is 1.0 mm; specifically, the upper breathable fiber cloth layer and lower breathable fiber cloth layer are penetrated by a needle installed on the needle plate 5, the needle is provided with hangnails, and the needle plate 5 moves vertically downwards to bring fibers in the upper breathable fiber cloth layer 2 to the lower breathable fiber cloth layer 1 and fix them with an environmental-friendly glue coated on a surface of the lower breathable fiber cloth layer 1, meanwhile, when the needle plate 5 moves upwards, fibers of the lower breathable fiber cloth layer 1 are brought to the upper breathable fiber cloth layer 2 to realize the connection of the fibers in the upper breathable fiber cloth layer and lower breathable fiber cloth layer, thus firmly fixing the particles in the breathable and impermeable sand layer 7 thereof, and reducing the fluidity, to obtain a breathable geosynthetic clay liner.

Embodiment 9

[0122] When compared with Embodiment 3, the only difference of Embodiment 9 lies in that the mass ratio of medical stone, volcanic rock and kaolin is 1:5:20.

Embodiment 10

[0123] The present embodiment provides a breathable geosynthetic clay liner, which comprises an upper breathable layer, a lower breathable layer, and a breathable and impermeable sand layer sandwiched between the upper breathable layer and the lower breathable layer. The upper breathable layer is an upper breathable fiber cloth layer, and the lower breathable layer is a lower breathable fiber cloth layer. The breathable and impermeable sand layer comprises a breathable and impermeable particle and an expansive particle, and the expansive particle is added in an amount of 5% of the mass of the breathable and impermeable particle. The breathable and impermeable particle has a particle size of 0.1 mm; and the expansive particle is bentonite having a particle size of 0.075 mm.

[0124] The breathable and impermeable particle comprises an aggregate and a polyamide resin modified epoxy resin covering the aggregate. The aggregate is quartz sand. The polyamide resin modified epoxy resin is 3 wt % of the mass of the quartz sand.

[0125] The breathable and impermeable particles contain aggregate and polyamide resin modified epoxy resin coated with the aggregate.

[0126] The breathable and impermeable particle is prepared by a method comprising the following steps:

[0127] 1) heating quartz sand particles to a temperature of 70° C.;

[0128] 2) adding polyamide resin modified epoxy resin, stirring thoroughly, then adding alicyclic amine curing agent (accounting for 0.015 wt % of the quartz sand), and stirring evenly, so that the epoxy resin is coated on the surface of the quartz sand particles, thus obtaining coated particles. Then adding bentonite (the bentonite has a particle size of 5 mm, and is added in an amount of 1 wt % of the mass of the quartz sand) into the coated particles, stirring evenly, then cooling, crushing and sieving to obtain a breathable and impermeable particle.

[0129] The production process of the above-mentioned breathable geosynthetic clay liner comprises the following steps:

[0130] 1) coating waterborne epoxy resin on a rotating roller 6, and a lower breathable layer 1 is laid on the rotating roller 6 and transported forward with the rotating roller 6, so that the waterborne epoxy resin is coated on a lower surface of the lower breathable layer 1;

[0131] 2) laying a mixture of a breathable and impermeable particle and an expansive particle on an upper surface of the lower breathable fiber cloth layer 1 through a funnel 3 provided above the lower breathable fiber cloth layer 1, and scraping the mixture with a scraper 4 to form a breathable and impermeable sand layer 7 with a thickness of 6 mm;

[0132] 3) laying an upper breathable fiber cloth layer 2 on the breathable and impermeable sand layer 7; and

[0133] 4) fixedly connecting the upper breathable fiber cloth layer 2, the breathable and impermeable sand layer 7 and the lower breathable fiber cloth layer 1 through needle punching by using a needle on the needle plate 5 to form an integral body, wherein, the needle has a diameter of 0.4 mm, and the distance between two adjacent needles is 1.0 mm; specifically, the upper breathable fiber cloth layer and lower breathable fiber cloth layer are penetrated by a needle installed on the needle plate 5, the needle is provided with hangnails, and the needle plate 5 moves vertically downwards to bring fibers of the upper breathable fiber cloth layer 2 to the lower breathable fiber cloth layer 1 and fix them with an environmental-friendly glue coated on a surface of the lower breathable fiber cloth layer 1, meanwhile, when the needle plate 5 moves upwards, fibers of the lower breathable fiber cloth layer 1 are brought to the upper breathable fiber cloth layer 2 to realize the connection of the fibers in the upper breathable fiber cloth layer and lower breathable fiber cloth layer, thus firmly fixing the particles in the breathable and impermeable sand layer 7 thereof, and reducing the fluidity, to obtain a breathable geosynthetic clay liner is obtained.

Embodiment 11

[0134] The present embodiment provides a breathable geosynthetic clay liner, which comprises an upper breathable layer, a lower breathable layer, and a breathable and impermeable sand layer sandwiched between the upper breathable layer and the lower breathable layer. The upper breathable layer is an upper breathable fiber cloth layer, and the lower breathable layer is a lower breathable fiber cloth layer. The breathable and impermeable sand layer comprises a breathable and impermeable particle and an expansive particle, and the expansive particle is added in an amount of 5% of the mass of the breathable and impermeable particle. The breathable and impermeable particle has a particle size of 0.1 mm; and the expansive particle is bentonite having a particle size of 0.075 mm.

[0135] The breathable and impermeable particle comprises an aggregate and a polyamide resin modified epoxy resin covering the aggregate. The aggregate is quartz sand. The polyamide resin modified epoxy resin is 3 wt % of the mass of the quartz sand.

[0136] The breathable and impermeable particle is prepared by a method comprising the following steps:

[0137] 1) heating quartz sand particles to a temperature of 70° C.;

[0138] 2) adding polyamide resin modified epoxy resin, stirring thoroughly, then adding alicyclic amine curing agent (accounting for 0.015 wt % of the quartz sand), and stirring evenly, so that the epoxy resin is coated on the surface of the quartz sand particles, thus obtaining coated particles, then adding bentonite (the bentonite has a particle size of 0.001 mm, and is added in an amount of 20 wt % of the mass of the quartz sand) into the coated particles, stirring evenly, then cooling, crushing and sieving to obtain a breathable and impermeable particle.

[0139] The production process of the above-mentioned breathable geosynthetic clay liner comprises the following steps:

[0140] 1) coating waterborne epoxy resin on a rotating roller 6, and a lower breathable layer 1 is laid on the rotating roller 6 and transported forward with the rotating roller 6, so that the waterborne epoxy resin is coated on a lower surface of the lower breathable layer 1;

[0141] 2) laying a mixture of a breathable and impermeable particle and an expansive particle on an upper surface of the lower breathable fiber cloth layer 1 through a funnel 3 provided above the lower breathable fiber cloth layer 1, and scraping the mixture with a scraper 4 to form a breathable and impermeable sand layer 7 with a thickness of 6 mm;

[0142] 3) laying an upper breathable fiber cloth layer 2 on the breathable and impermeable sand layer 7; and

[0143] 4) fixedly connecting the upper breathable fiber cloth layer 2, the breathable and impermeable sand layer 7 and the lower breathable fiber cloth layer 1 through needle punching by using a needle on the needle plate 5 to form an integral body, wherein, the needle has a diameter of 0.4 mm, and the distance between two adjacent needles is 1.0 mm; specifically, the upper breathable fiber cloth layer and lower breathable fiber cloth layer are penetrated by a needle installed on the needle plate 5, the needle is provided with hangnails, and the needle plate 5 moves vertically downwards to bring fibers in the upper breathable fiber cloth layer 2 to the lower breathable fiber cloth layer 1 and fix them with an environmental-friendly glue coated on a surface of the lower breathable fiber cloth layer 1, meanwhile, when the needle plate 5 moves upwards, fibers of the lower breathable fiber cloth layer 1 are brought to the upper breathable fiber cloth layer 2 to realize the connection of the fibers in the upper breathable fiber cloth layer and lower breathable fiber cloth layer, thus firmly fixing the particles in the breathable and impermeable sand layer 7 thereof, and reducing the fluidity, to obtain a breathable geosynthetic clay liner.

Embodiment 12

[0144] When compared with Embodiment 3, the only difference of Embodiment 12 lies in that the surface of the lower breathable fiber cloth layer is not coated with waterborne epoxy resin, and the fibers of the upper breathable fiber cloth layer are brought to the lower breathable fiber cloth layer through needle punching and are fixed into the lower breathable fiber cloth layer.

Embodiment 13

[0145] When compared with Embodiment 3, the only difference of Embodiment 13 lies in that a wool layer is laid on the surface of the upper breathable fiber cloth layer.

Embodiment 14

[0146] When compared with Embodiment 3, the only difference of Embodiment 14 lies in that the expansive particle is a mixture of a first bentonite particle having a particle size of 0.048 mm and a second bentonite particle having a particle size of 4 mm (the mass ratio of the first bentonite particle and the second bentonite particle is 1:1), and the breathable and impermeable sand layer has a thickness of 3 mm.

Embodiment 15

[0147] When compared with Embodiment 3, the only difference of Embodiment 15 lies in that the expansive particle is a mixture of a first bentonite particle having a particle size of 0.075 mm and a second bentonite particle having a particle size of 2.8 mm (the mass ratio of the first bentonite particle and the second bentonite particle is 1:10), and the breathable and impermeable sand layer has a thickness of 9 mm.

Embodiment 16

[0148] When compared with Embodiment 3, the only difference of Embodiment 16 lies in that the upper breathable layer is an upper breathable fiber cloth layer, and the lower breathable layer is a lower woven cloth.

Embodiment 17

[0149] When compared with Embodiment 3, the only difference of Embodiment 17 lies in that the upper breathable layer is an upper breathable fiber cloth layer, and the lower breathable layer is a lower non-woven fabric.

Embodiment 18

[0150] When compared with Embodiment 3, the only difference of Embodiment 18 lies in that in the step 4), the upper breathable fiber cloth layer, the breathable and impermeable sand layer and the lower breathable fiber cloth layer are fixedly connected through a conventional needle punching process with a hydrophobic thread to form an integral body, thus obtaining a breathable geosynthetic clay liner.

Comparative Example 1

[0151] When compared with Embodiment 3, the only difference of Comparative example 1 lies in that the breathable and impermeable sand layer in this comparative example only uses expansive particles, and no breathable and impermeable particles are added.

Test Example

[0152] The air permeability and waterproof performance of the breathable geosynthetic clay liner obtained in Embodiments 1-11 and Comparative Example 1 are tested, and the results are shown in table 1, so as to illustrate the hydrophobicity and air permeability of the breathable geosynthetic clay liner in the present application.

[0153] The principle of the air permeability detection method is to test by using a differential-pressure method, a certain gas pressure difference (1 kpa) is maintained on both sides of the sample at room temperature, and the air permeability is calculated by measuring the change in the gas pressure on the low pressure side of the sample. As for the method of measuring the water blocking height, please see patent CN102890046A, which discloses a device and a method for detecting anti-seepage performance of anti-seepage sand.

TABLE-US-00001 Air permeability Water blocking performance (l/min) height (cm) Example 1 0.545 34 Example 2 0.499 32 Example 3 0.510 39 Example 4 0.507 37 Example 5 0.537 48 Example 6 0.526 45 Example 7 0.528 46 Example 8 0.522 45 Example 9 0.527 48 Example 10 0.514 43 Example 11 0.512 42 Comparative example 1 0.464 29

[0154] Apparently, the aforementioned embodiments are merely examples illustrated for clearly describing the present application, rather than limiting the implementation ways thereof. For those skilled in the art, various changes and modifications in other different forms can be made on the basis of the aforementioned description. It is unnecessary and impossible to exhaustively list all the implementation ways herein. However, any obvious changes or modifications derived from the aforementioned description are intended to be embraced within the protection scope of the present application.