CANCER DIAGNOSIS AND MONITORING APPARATUS, SYSTEMS AND METHODS THEREOF

Abstract

Disclosed herein a female hygienic device for diagnosing and/or monitoring cancer, comprising at least one absorption zone for accumulating vaginal discharge; and at least one indication zone comprising at least one agent for visually reacting with a physiological marker, the physiologic marker is indicative of a cancerous condition.

Claims

1.-45. (canceled)

46. A female hygienic device for diagnosing and/or monitoring cancer, comprising: a. at least one absorption zone for accumulating vaginal discharge; and b. at least one indication zone comprising at least one agent capable of reacting with a physiological marker and to provide a visual indication of the reaction, wherein the physiologic marker is indicative of a cancerous condition and wherein the physiologic marker is selected from the group consisting of: 22-1-1, leptin, prolactin, osteoponin, inslin-like growth factor II, macrophage inhibitory factor, CD44, soluble CD 54, miRNA 21, miRNA 92, miRNA 93 or any combination thereof.

47. The device of claim 46, wherein said vaginal discharge comprises cervix mucus or fallopian secretions.

48. The device of claim 46, wherein the hygienic device further comprises at least one viscosity-reducing agent.

49. The device of claim 48, wherein the at least one viscosity-reducing agent comprises an agent for targeting an enzymatic activity of mucin.

50. The device of claim 49, wherein the viscosity-reducing agent is selected from the group consisting of water beads, polyacrylamide, superabsorbent polymer, N- acetyl-L-cystein, N-acetylcytamine, Sodium thioglycollate, 2-mercaptoethanol, B-mercaptoethanol, viscosity reducing enzymes, acetic acid, ammonium acetate, (NH4)2SO4, perchloric acid, NaOH, DTT, Urea, SDS, Sodium Chloride and any combination thereof.

51. The device of claim 46, wherein the indication zone comprises a lateral flow test strip.

52. The device of claim 51, wherein the lateral flow strip comprises at least two areas comprising the at least one agent, wherein each of the at least two areas comprises a different amount of the at least one agent.

53. The device of claim 46, the said indication zone further comprises at least one second agent for visually reacting with a second physiologic marker.

54. The device of claim 53, wherein the second physiologic marker is a not indicative of a cancerous condition.

55. The device of claim 54, wherein the second physiologic marker comprises at least one of the group consisting of albumin, actin, tubulin, a secondary antibody and any combination thereof.

56. The device of claim 46, wherein the female hygienic device is a sanitary pad or a tampon.

57. The device of claim 46, wherein the female hygienic device further comprises a barrier film having at least one orifice, the at least one orifice aligned with the at least one absorption zone.

58. The device of claim 46, wherein the agent comprises a DNA probe, an RNA probe or an antibody.

59. The device of claim 46, wherein the at least one indication zone further comprises a detection enhancer, wherein said detection enhancer is selected from the group consisting of gold nanoparticles, gold microparticles, polysteren beads, cellulose nanobeads and any combination thereof.

60. The device of claim 46, wherein the visual indication comprises a color change and/or a color intensity change.

61. The device of claim 46, wherein the visual indication is indicative of a predetermined concentration of the physiological marker.

62. The device of claim 46, further comprising a visual indicator for indicating a predetermined quantity of the vaginal discharge.

63. A method for diagnosing and/or monitoring cancer with a female hygienic device, comprising: a. absorbing in a hygienic device vaginal discharges of a user; b. detecting at least one physiologic marker in the vaginal discharge, the physiologic marker being indicative of a cancerous condition and selected from the group consisting of: 22-1-1, leptin, prolactin, osteoponin, inslin-like growth factor II, macrophage inhibitory factor, CD44, soluble CD 54, miRNA 21, miRNA 92, miRNA 93, or any combination thereof; and c. visually presenting the detection of the at least one physiological marker.

64. The method of claim 63, wherein said vaginal discharge comprises cervix mucus or fallopian secretions.

65. The method of claim 63, wherein said detecting is conducted by allowing a viscosity-reducing agent to contact the vaginal discharge.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0127] The novel features believed to be characteristics of the invention are set forth in the appended examples. The invention itself, however, as well as the preferred mode of use, further objects and advantages thereof, will best be understood by reference to the following detailed description of illustrative embodiment when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0128] FIGS. 1a-c schematically presents the cancer diagnosis apparatus in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, provided as a sanitary pad with a single absorption zone;

[0129] FIGS. 2a-c schematically present another embodiment of the present invention, provided as a sanitary pad with multiple absorption zones;

[0130] FIGS. 3a-b schematically present an embodiment of the present invention, provided as a sanitary pad comprising water repellent regions;

[0131] FIGS. 4a-c schematically present various embodiments illustrating a variety of indicators;

[0132] FIG. 5 schematically presents an embodiment of the present invention, provided as a tampon;

[0133] FIGS. 6a-b schematically present another embodiment of the present invention as provided in a sanitary pad, characterized by a three-dimensional structure for optimizing absorption of feminine discharges;

[0134] FIG. 7 schematically presents an explosive view of an embodiment of the present invention, illustrating a possible arrangement of the various layers which may be incorporated into the form of a sanitary pad;

[0135] FIG. 8 schematically illustrates use of an embodiment of the present invention in the form of a kit, comprising of the sanitary pad provided with externally applied viscosity reducing agent;

[0136] FIGS. 9a and b schematically illustrates an embodiment of the present invention providing a plurality of biomarker indicators, each having a predetermined range of marker concentration, wherein FIG. 9a provides an example of a diagnostic result and FIG. 9b provides an example of a change in the diagnostic result; and

[0137] FIGS. 10a and b schematically illustrate another embodiment of two diagnostic results, pertaining to a plurality of biomarker indicators indicated for at least two different biomarkers.

[0138] FIG. 11a demonstrates a quantification of total protein in vaginal fluids as compared to serum (i.e. blood sample). FIG. 11b shows detected quantities of CA-125 in the vaginal fluid as compared to the serum (averaged over samples taken from 4 healthy women), demonstrating the higher levels of CA-125 in vaginal fluids.

[0139] FIG. 12 also illustrates the higher concentration of CA-125 in vaginal fluids when comparedto other sampled fluids, such as saliva or blood.

[0140] FIG. 13 shows detection of CA-125 in a single patient, showing its concentration over time in the vaginal fluid and in the serum, taken over a period of chemotherapy treatment followed by remission.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0141] In the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments, reference is made to the accompanying drawings that form a part hereof, and in which are shown by way of illustration specific embodiments in which the invention may be practiced. It is understood that other embodiments may be utilized and structural changes may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. The present invention may be practiced according to the examples without some or all of these specific details. For the purpose of clarity, technical material that is known in the technical fields related to the invention has not been described in detail so that the present invention is not unnecessarily obscured.

[0142] Women may be sensitive and/or resistant to clinical based gathering of vaginal secretion, included and/or especially during a non-menstrual phase. In some embodiments, the current invention facilitates easier clinic based and/or home-based gathering and/or testing of vaginal secretions. For example, the system may include an anatomical pad(s) for gathering vaginal secretions and/or a biomarker reader adapted for the pad. Optionally the system is configured for continuous use and/or home use. Management of the pad and/or testing may be adaptive, for example, based on baseline(s) adapted on personalized data

[0143] An aspect of several embodiments of the current invention relates to diagnosing and/or monitoring cancer in females based on indications of a physiologic marker in a female hygienic product. As used herein, the term “hygienic product” refers to any sanitary apparatus used in female hygiene routines, such as for a non-limiting example, sanitary pads, and/or tampons, and/or interlabial pads, and/or pantyliners, and/or sanitary napkins, and/or sanitary towel, and/or menstrual pad. The means and methods provided by some embodiments of the present invention utilize feminine discharge (also referred to as vaginal discharge) for an identification of at least one physiologic marker suggestive of a female-related cancerous condition. In some embodiments, vaginal discharges include cervical mucus. Alternatively or additionally, the vaginal discharges include vaginal fluid comprising fallopian secretions. In some embodiments, a female-related cancerous condition includes fallopian cancer. Alternatively or additionally, the cancerous condition includes ovarian cancer, and/or uterine cancer, and/or cervical cancer and/or breast cancer. In some embodiments, the physiologic marker is a non-cancerous indicator, used for example, as a positive control of the device detection system. As used herein, vaginal discharge does not include menstrual fluids.

[0144] In some embodiments, the current invention provides women with a self-operable solution, which is simple and easy to follow on a regular basis. This may facilitate more consistent screening than conventional solutions

[0145] In some embodiments, the current invention provides a self-diagnostic device easy to operate at the comfort of one's home and/or directed for early diagnosis of women-related cancerous conditions fulfills a long-felt need.

[0146] An advantage of using vaginal discharge which is not menstrual fluids for the detection of the physiologic marker is the ability to identify the physiologic marker at least once a day. In some embodiments, the physiologic marker is identified every few days, for example a week. In other embodiments the physiologic marker is identified at least once a month, but not on menstruation days when the vaginal fluids are diluted in the menstruation fluids.

[0147] Therefore, another advantage of using vaginal discharge which is not menstrual fluids is the surprisingly high concentration of the physiological markers, which are not diluted in the menstruation fluids, as shown in FIG. 11. FIG. 11a demonstrates a quantification of total protein in vaginal fluids as compared to serum (i.e. blood sample). FIG. 11b shows detected quantities of CA-125 in the vaginal fluid as compared to the serum (averaged over samples taken from 4 healthy women), demonstrating the higher levels of CA-125 in vaginal fluids.

[0148] FIG. 12 also illustrates the higher concentration of CA-125 in vaginal fluids when compared to other sampled fluids, such as saliva or blood. It also demonstrates the variability between two individuals.

[0149] FIG. 13 shows detection of CA-125 in a single patient, showing its concentration over time in the vaginal fluid and in the serum, taken over a period of chemotherapy treatment followed by remission. The graph marked with diamond shape is CA-125 detected in the vaginal fluid and the graph marked with squares is the same marker detected in the serum. The graphs show that the sensitivity of detection in the vaginal fluid is higher than detection in the blood, even during the remission period, where the marker detection drops below the detected baseline in the serum.

[0150] In some embodiments, the hygienic device includes at least one absorption zone configured to accumulate vaginal discharges. In some embodiments, the absorption zone comprises a predetermined capacity for fluid accumulation. Optionally, a visual indicator is provided to indicate a full capacity, for example, a color change and/or an appearance or disappearance of a visual marker.

[0151] In some embodiments, vaginal discharges absorbed in the hygienic device are utilized to identify at least one physiologic marker related to a cancerous condition. For example, a physiologic marker may include CA125 and/or HE4. Other examples include 22-1-1, and/or leptin, and/or prolactin, and/or osteoponin, and/or inslin-like growth factor II, and/or macrophage inhibitory factor, and/or CD44, and/or soluble CD 54, and/or miRNA 21, and/or miRNA 92, and/or miRNA 93.

[0152] Yet other examples include Mesothelin, and/or M-CSF, and/or Osteopontin (OPN), and/or Expression of kallikrein (KLK)-related peptidases, and/or Preoperative high plasma bikunin level, and/or Plasma cell-free DNA, and/or VEGFs, and/or EphA2 expression, and/or FGF-1, and/or EZH2, and/or Claudin family members, and/or EGFR and/or HER2, and/or p53 mutation, and/or Cyclin D1, and/or cyclin E, and/or Serum sFas levels, and/or ERCC1, and/or IL-6, and/or IL-7, and/or IL-8, and/or Ascitic-fluid IL-12 levels, and/or APM (antigen processing machinery) component, and/or B7-H3, and/or B7-H4, and/or Intratumoral CD3+, and/or CD8+T cells infiltration, and/or Gamma-interferon expression, and/or Claudin-3, and/or Claudin-4, and/or MMP-2, and/or MMP-9, and/or MT1-MMP, and/or FAK, and/or Levels of miR-200, miR-141,miR-18a, miR-93, miR-429, let-7b, miR-199a, and/or Dicer, and/or Drosha expression.

[0153] Optionally, a viscosity-reducing agent is utilized with the device to allow fluidizing of the vaginal discharges, in order to facilitate their utilization in the diagnostic system of the diagnosis device. As used herein, the term “viscosity-reducing agent” refers to any solvent, buffer or gel-like beads which in contact with a viscous fluid interact with it to provide a more liquefied formulation of the viscous fluid, resulting in fluid with reduced viscosity. In some embodiments, the viscosity reducing agent is embedded with the hygienic device prior to its hygienic use, for example, by a manufacturer of the hygienic device. Alternatively or additionally, a viscosity reducing agent is added to the hygienic device by the user, optionally following its hygienic usage. In some embodiments, the viscosity-reducing agent is made in contact with the discharges only after the discharges are sufficiently accumulated, and/or after a predetermined quantity of the discharges has been accumulated. In some embodiments, the viscosity reducing agent is a mucin dissolving agent. Alternatively or additionally, the viscosity reducing agent is a chemical composition. Alternatively or additionally, viscosity reducing enzymes are used. As used herein, the term “enzymatic activity” refers to a catalytic effect exerted by an enzyme, which could be in the form of a protein having enzymatic activity capacity and/or any other material contributing to the catalytic effect in a chemical reaction, and such aiding cofactors (for example magnesium, adenosine triphosphate and the like).

[0154] In some embodiments, the diagnostic device provides diagnostic results only by using the device at its main hygienic usage, and without adding additional functions by the user. Alternatively, the user needs to perform at least one more function following the hygienic usage of the device. For example, a user may wear a hygienic device for several hours, after which the device is removed, and a dissolving agent is added to the device.

[0155] An aspect of several embodiments of the invention relates to quantitative and/or relative assessment of a presence of a physiologic marker in female discharges. In some embodiments, a female hygienic device is configured to absorb vaginal discharges, identify at least one physiologic marker and accordingly visually indicate the presence of the physiologic marker. In some embodiments, each user establishes a baseline of the presence of the physiologic marker, for example by using the device for the first time, or by averaging a number of device usages. In some embodiments, an image analysis method is used to identify variations from the user's baseline. Optionally, a smartphone is used, having a processor with instructions for analyzing the variations. Alternatively or additionally, a tablet, and/or a personal computer are used. In some embodiments, the smartphone, or the like, alerts a caregiver once a variation is determined. Optionally, a threshold of the variation is predetermined for inducing an alert.

[0156] In some embodiments, quantitative assessment is provided by assessing the color intensity of an indicator. Alternatively or additionally, quantitative assessment is provided by assessing the number of indicators, for example, between 1 and 3 indicators, or between 1 and 5 indicators, or between 1 and 10 indicators. Alternatively or additionally, quantitative assessment is provided by assessing the shape of the indicator/s.

[0157] An aspect of some embodiments of the present invention enables high-risk women to specifically, and personally follow their own changes and/or progressions in their physiologic conditions, by means of a platform for at-home monitoring. In some embodiments, the system enables high-risk women to establish a personal baseline, which optionally serves as a reference value. In some embodiments, women periodically, for example once a month, test their current values and compare them to their reference values. Any change in biomarker concentration indicated by a change from the reference values would inform the woman she needs to proceed to a thorough check-up to find out the source of this rise.

[0158] In some embodiments, the hygienic diagnostic device is used for following up on post oophorectomy patients, optionally, as routine screening. It should be noted that post oophorectomy patients are extremely liable to develop relapse and, in some embodiments, the device is used with a high frequency, such as every month.

[0159] In some embodiments, the current invention relates to a semi quantitative detection unit for multi biomarkers and/or for a biomarker fingerprint/signature. Optionally, the biodetection device may allow quantification of the conditions for example employing a standard protein. Optionally, the detection unit may include a lateral flow device for sampling and/or testing. Optionally, detection may include immunodetection.

[0160] In some embodiments, a bio-detection device may use another immune-detection method. For example, the bio-detection device may use a standard protein and/or multiple biomarkers. For example, the bio-detection device may include a solid phase immune-detection method for example bead based.

[0161] In some embodiments, an immune detection assay may be used for biomarker quantitation. Optionally, one or more assays may be antibody-based for example using enzymatic, fluorescent and/or nano-particles platforms. Such platforms may include one or more of bead based assay, lateral flow based assays, and/or solid phase immunoassays (e.g. such as ELISA).

[0162] In some embodiments, a testing platform may include buffer. For example, a buffer may be used to control pH and/or concentrations of salts (e.g. electro-conductivity) of a sample. Optionally, a buffer may contain protease and/or Nucleic acid digesting enzyme (e.g. DNase, RNase) inhibitors. Optionally, a buffer may contain a stabilizing protein and/or a carrier protein. Optionally a buffer may contain a standard protein (for example facilitating quantitation). In some embodiments, a buffer may contain a detection antibody. In some embodiments, a buffer may contain one or more pairs of antibodies and/or beads according to the number and kind of analytes, for example to measure biomarker concentrations. Optionally a buffer may contain an antibody pair conjugated to detect a moiety (e.g. fluorescent/gold nano particles/enzymes). Optionally a buffer may contain primers for DNA/RNA detection.

[0163] In some embodiments, a vaginal fluid sampling and/or testing system may be configured to give consistent results under varying conditions. For example, the system may account for personal variations between subjects and/or temporal variations and/or variations in the state of a subject (e.g. breast feeding, mood, phase of menstruation cycle). For example, a sampling and/or testing method may include calculating the change between baseline and a specific measurement and, determining if this change is indicative for cancer presence. For example, an algorithm may be used predict the risk for ovarian cancer. The algorithm may use multiple test data and/or data measured over time and/or data about the individual and/or her state and/or data between different individuals. Optionally the algorithm will run on a personal computer of the user (e.g. a cell phone and/or a personal computer). Optionally the algorithm will use artificial intelligence. It may employ captured images of sampling and/or testing devices (e.g. the subject takes a picture and/or the algorithm interprets the picture). Alternatively or additionally, data storage and/or processing may be clinic based and/or network based. In some embodiments an algorithm will include data from personal data devices and/or network based data (e.g. cell phones, fitness equipment, gym records, smart watches, location services, weather services) to improve testing interpretation. An application on a personal data device (e.g. a cell phone) may collect and/or interpret and/or transmit data.

[0164] Reference is now made to FIG. 1 schematically presenting a female cancer diagnosis hygienic device 100, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, diagnosis device 100 comprises a sanitary pad 110. In some embodiments, sanitary pad 110 includes a discharge diagnosis system 120, for example, a lateral flow test strip. Optionally, discharge diagnosis system 120 comprises at least one absorption zone 122 configured for accumulating vaginal discharges. In some embodiments, discharge diagnosis system comprises at least one indication zone 124, configured for identifying a presence of at least one physiologic marker in the vaginal discharges. FIGS. 1a and 1b illustrate various optional positions of absorption zone 122 and indication zone 124 along discharge diagnosis system 120.

[0165] In some embodiments, absorption zone 124 comprises an embedded viscosity-reducing agent 8, as illustrated in FIGS. 1a and 1b. Alternatively or additionally, the viscosity-reducing agent is provided distinctly from the sanitary pad 110, and is actively added to the discharge diagnosis system by applying it directly, optionally onto absorption zone 122. A potential advantage of including a viscosity-reducing agent is the liquefying of the feminine discharges (which are typically highly viscous), thereby facilitating their utilizations in the diagnostic system 120. For example, in some embodiments, when diagnostic system 120 is a lateral flow test strip, liquefying the viscous feminine discharge potentially enables its flow along the test strip all the way to the indication zone 124.

[0166] In some embodiments, a barrier 116 covers the outer surface of diagnostic device 110. A potential advantage of barrier 116 is to isolate the inner layers of the diagnostic device from the vaginal area of the user. Optionally, barrier 116 comprising at least one orifice 60 to allow for a penetration of feminine discharges into the inner layers of diagnostic device 110, including discharge diagnostic system 120. For example, barrier 116 may include non-woven cotton, and/or polyester, and/or polyethylene, and/or polypropylene, and/or nylon and/or rayon and/or formed thermoplastic films, which may or may not allow penetration of the feminine discharges. Optionally, the barrier comprises a material that is non-irritating to the contacting areas of the user.

[0167] In some embodiments, orifices for allowing discharge penetration, such as 60, further include absorption zones 122. Optionally, absorption zone comprises highly absorbent materials as well as viscosity-reducing agent 8. In some embodiments, highly absorbent materials are used and include, for example, any suitable hydrophilic fiber material such as cellulose, and/or modified cellulose, and/or rayon, and/or polyesters such as polyethylene terephtalate (DACRON [trademark]), and/or hydrophilic nylon (HYDROFIL [trademark]), and the like. FIGS. 1a and b illustrate various configurations of possible orifice 60 locations, and according to it, indication zone 124 locations.

[0168] In some embodiments, indication zone 124 comprises at least one cancer biomarker indicator, and optionally further comprises at least one non-cancerous biomarker, for example to serve as a control for the reliability of the performed test. In some embodiments, indication zone 124 comprises biomarker detectors for at least CA125 and HE4. Alternatively or additionally, indication zone 124 comprises additional biomarker detectors for 22-1-1, leptin, prolactin, osteoponin, inslin-like growth factor II, macrophage inhibitory factor, CD44, soluble CD 54, miRNA 21, miRNA 92 or miRNA 93.

[0169] In some embodiments, biomarker detectors are in the form of a DNA and/or RNA probes, and/or protein directed antibodies and/or derivatives thereof. Optionally, specificity enhancing formulations are provided, such as for example the addition of gold nanoparticle and/or microparticles, and/or polystyrene beads, and/or cellulose nanobeads and the like.

[0170] FIG. 1c illustrates the hygienic device 100 in accordance with some embodiments of the present invention having orifice 60 aligned with absorption zone 122, having no built-in viscosity-reducing agent. In some embodiments, the viscosity-reducing agent is included in a separate container provided as a kit with device 100, and adapted for usage by the user, for example by including a dripper. In some embodiments, after the hygienic usage of device 100, having vaginal discharges passed through orifice 60 and been absorbed in absorption zone 122, in this embodiment the user introduces the viscosity-reducing agent onto the absorption zone 122, initiating the liquefying of the discharge and facilitating their flow towards indication zones 124.

[0171] Alternatively or additionally, viscosity-reducing agent 8 is in an embedded form, which in a non-limiting example may be made of water beads, polyacrylamide, superabsorbent polymer, N-acetyl-L-cystein, N-acetylcystamine, Sodium thioglycollate, 2-mercaptoethanol, B-mercaptoethanol, viscosity reducing enzymes (mainly protease enzymes, such as in a non-limiting example trypsin), acetic acid, ammonium acetate, (NH4)2SO4, perchloric acid, NaOH, DTT, Urea, SDS, Sodium Chloride, any high concentration salt solution or the like, or it may be provided separately as part of a kit (see FIG. 8), and may incorporate the above exemplified materials contained in a container.

[0172] Reference is now made to FIG. 2, illustrating in a schematic manner a hygienic device 110 having feminine discharge system 120 in the form of a lateral flow test strip, having a plurality of absorption zones 122, in accordance with some embodiments of the invention. In some embodiments, absorption zones 122 are adapted for accumulating the vaginal discharges of a user. Optionally, this is achieved by incorporating highly absorbing materials into such vaginal collection zones 122. In some embodiments, an access to the absorption zone 122 is provided through orifices 60 in a barrier 116 covering the surface area of hygienic device 110. In some embodiments, absorption zones 122 are characterized by a variety of shapes, and/or sizes and/or arrangement, as depicted in FIGS. 2a-c.

[0173] According to some embodiments of the present invention, FIG. 2a illustrates three absorption zones characterized by round orifices 60 of barrier 116. In this embodiment, exemplified are three indication zones 124 are also available, each having two indicators 4. In some embodiments, viscosity-reducing agent 8 is introduced to the hygienic device 100 either above or beneath barrier 116.

[0174] In accordance with some embodiments of the present invention, FIG. 2b illustrates an altered arrangement of the plurality of absorption zones 122, having a substantially rectangular outline. For the manner of illustration, only six such absorption zones 122 are illustrated, however it should be noted that any number and/or any size of such zones may be provided. In some embodiments, viscosity-reducing agent 8 is provided as a region which encompasses the plurality of absorption zones 122, for example a rectangular region. In this embodiment, one portion of the vaginal discharge system 120 is in contact with absorption zones 122, while the other portion comprises the indication zone 124, which in this non-limiting example comprises three indicators 4. In some embodiments, indicators 4 comprise indicators for two cancer biomarkers, such as CA125 and HE4, and one non-cancerous biomarker. In some embodiments, a non-cancerous biomarker comprises any housekeeping gene such as for example albumin, actin or tubulin, and/or could be a secondary antibody, i.e. an antibody configured to bind another antibody, which may be derived, in a non-limiting example, from a mouse, rabbit, donkey, goat and the like.

[0175] In accordance with some embodiments of the present invention, illustrated in FIG. 2c is another suggested arrangement of the plurality of absorption zones 122, arranged in a triangular-like shape, optionally having its vertex directed towards vaginal discharge system 120. Exemplified is viscosity-reducing agent 8 encompassing the triangular area of the absorption zones 122.

[0176] Reference is now made to FIG. 3, schematically illustrating the sanitary pad, as illustrated in FIG. 2, which is additionally incorporated with a hydrophobic, water repellent layer 15, for eliminating spillover of the feminine discharges into undesired regions, in accordance with some embodiments of the invention. In some embodiments, layer 15 is provided in the outskirts of the device, as illustrated in FIG. 3a. Alternatively or additionally, it surrounds the absorption zone 122 as illustrated in FIG. 3b.

[0177] Reference is now made to FIG. 4, schematically illustrating the feminine discharge system 120 having various configurations of indication zones 124, in accordance with some embodiments of the invention. In some embodiments, the feminine discharge system is a lateral flow test strip, designed for allowing flow of feminine discharge and thus facilitating its contact with indication zones 124. FIG. 4a exemplifies having a single indication zone 124, comprising a plurality of biomarker indicators 4, in accordance with some embodiments of the invention. FIG. 4b exemplifies having a plurality of indication zones 124, each having at least one biomarker indicators 4, in accordance with some embodiments of the invention. FIG. 4c exemplifies having at least one indicator adapted to provide quantitative or semi-quantitative indications, in accordance with some embodiments of the invention. For example, each such indicator 4 comprises sub-indicators, each having a variable predetermined quantity of indicators, optionally in the form of antibodies, and/or nucleic acid probes and/or by means of enzymatic activity.

[0178] Reference is now made to FIG. 5, illustrating a tampon 210 is embedded with vaginal discharge system 120, in accordance with some embodiments of the invention. In some embodiments, tampon 210 is adapted to absorb vaginal discharges from a user, and it may or may not be additionally incorporated with a viscosity-reducing agent. In some embodiments, vaginal discharges are collected onto vaginal discharge system 120 and then flow to indication zone 124, having at least one biomarker indicator. In the exemplified embodiment of FIG. 5, results are obtained by removing the vaginal discharge system 120 by pulling its edge. Optionally, resecting lips 17 are provided for removing any excess fluids from the vaginal discharge system 120.

[0179] Reference is now made to FIG. 6, illustrating a sanitary pad having a three-dimensional configuration which potentially allows feminine discharges to flow and accumulate at the absorption zone 322, in accordance with some embodiments of the invention. In some embodiments, the three-dimensional configuration is in the form of recesses 315 which are shown in FIG. 6a in a top view, and in FIG. 6b as a cross-section view taken in line A-A shown in FIG. 6a. In some embodiments, the recesses are located over the carrier substrate 310, and are sized and shaped to structurally lead to the absorption zone 322 found in the embedded vaginal discharge system 320. Optionally, absorption zone 322 comprises viscosity-reducing agent or it can be applied externally after removing the sanitary pad for inspection by an externally provided container, which is in some embodiments provided as part of kit with the hygienic device. Once the vaginal discharges have reduced viscosity, their flow is facilitated along vaginal discharge system 320 and into contact with indication zone 324, having at least one biomarker indicator 4.

[0180] Reference is now made to FIG. 7, schematically illustrating an explosive three-dimensional view of a sanitary pad, and exposing variable layer which may be incorporated into this device, in accordance with some embodiments of the invention. In some embodiments, carrier substrate 110 is provided for mechanically supporting additional layers. In some embodiments, carrier substrate 110 comprises a window 118, enabling the visual inspection of at least part of the inner layers, and specifically, enabling the view of the indication zone 124, containing the indicators 4. Window 118 is provided in this non-limiting example at the posterior portion of the apparatus, but it should be noted that window 118 may also be provided at the anterior portion of the apparatus, and optionally, may be incorporated with a transparent protective layer. In some embodiments, indication zone 124 is embedded in a portion of vaginal discharge system 120 which is adapted to receive vaginal discharges from absorption zone 122. In some embodiments, indication zone 124 is visible from both directions, i.e. from a top view and a bottom view. Alternatively, it is viewed from a bottom view of the device. In some embodiments, encompassing the structure, is barrier 116, which isolates the various layers from the user's body, while still allowing penetration of the feminine discharges into the absorption zone through the at least one orifice 60.

[0181] Reference is now made to FIG. 8, illustrating in a schematic manner kit 400 in accordance with some embodiments of the invention. In some embodiments, kit 400 comprises a hygienic device 110, embedded with vaginal discharge system 120 containing an absorption portion 122 and detection zone 124, and including at least one detector 4. In some embodiments, kit 400 includes a container 405, for containing viscosity-reducing agent 8. In some embodiments, container 405 comprises a dripping portion 415 or a dropper or the like, for example for dripping a few drops of the viscosity-reducing agent 8 directly onto the absorption zone 122, where vaginal discharges are expected to be accumulated. Potentially, the dripping of viscosity-reducing agent 8 leads to the reduction in viscosity, or increased dissolvability or fluidity, of the vaginal discharges and accordingly onsets the flow of the dissolved vaginal discharges along the vaginal discharge system 120 and up to detection zone 124.

[0182] Reference is now made to FIG. 9, schematically illustrating a personal monitoring system in accordance with several embodiments of the invention. In some embodiments, the platform is provided in the form of a system, having a substrate carrier 110, being a disposable, optionally single-use, absorbent device such as a sanitary pad, a tampon, an interlabial pad, or a panty liner. In some embodiments, incorporated into substrate carrier 110 is a vaginal discharge system 120, or a plurality of such systems, provided with a discharge absorption zone 122 and indication zone 124. In some embodiments, the at least one discharge system 120 comprises in its indication zones a plurality of biomarker detectors 4, each is directed towards a different predetermined range of biomarker concentration (for a non-limiting exemplification see example 1). Optionally, each of the biomarkers detectors comprises control indicators for indicating the successfulness of the test, including non-cancerous biomarker detectors and detectors for successful flow of the discharges, such as detectors for the other provided detectors, in the form of secondary antibodies directed to primary antibodies found in the provided detectors.

[0183] In some embodiments, the system is provided with a log manager, optionally used for monitoring the changes in discharge biomarker values. In some embodiments, the log manger is manually operated, in the form of a calendar, table, or any fill-out form which could be logged into with a pen. Alternatively or additionally, the log manager is digital, for example in the form of a computer or mobile application. In some embodiments, the system further comprises a sensor, e.g. a camera, optionally, being the camera found in the electronic device used for logging. In some embodiments, the sensor images the results and these images are processed to automatically detect any change in biomarker concentration.

[0184] In some embodiments, the system is used periodically at set periods of times, for example once a month, or once every 28 days. In some embodiments, the system further comprises an application for calculating due dates to take the test and optionally also provide a reminder, and/or alarm and/or notification.

[0185] FIGS. 9a and b illustrate an example showing a plurality of detectors 4, directed to a cancerous biomarker, each having a different concentration range and threshold, in accordance with some embodiments of the invention. FIG. 9a illustrates a possible baseline, showing only two ranges being indicated, while FIG. 9b illustrates a change in concentration, showing three ranges being indicated.

[0186] Reference is now made to FIG. 10, schematically illustrating a personal monitoring system, having at least two cancerous biomarker detectors 4, and one non-cancerous control detector, in accordance with some embodiments of the invention. FIG. 10a illustrates a possible baseline, showing only two ranges being indicated for one biomarker, and three to the second biomarker, while FIG. 10b illustrates a change in concentration, showing four ranges being indicated for each biomarker.

Example 1

[0187] Suggested quantities of marker identifications, along with associated indexes, are depicted in Table 1 below:

TABLE-US-00001 Biomarker Index U/ml CA125 A  0-35 B  35-100 C 100-250 D 250-500 E  500-1000 HE-4 A  0-35 B  35-100 C 100-250 D 250-500 E  500-1000

[0188] Table 2 below shows an example of a user's fill-out form, calendar, or digital application interface, illustrating a probable outcome when the user's consecutive tests and results indicate diagnosis of a change in relative biomarker quantities:

TABLE-US-00002 Biomarker Index 1.sup.st test 2.sup.nd test 3.sup.rd test 1 A + + + [CA125] B + + + C − − + D − − + E − − − 2 A + + + [HE-4] B + + + C + + + D − − − E − − − Results 1B/2C 1B/2C 1D/2C
While the invention is susceptible to various modifications and alternative forms, specific embodiments thereof have been shown by way of example in the drawings and the above detailed description. It should be understood, however, that it is not intended to limit the invention to the particular forms disclosed, but on the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended examples.