STATOR FOR AN ELECTRIC MACHINE

Abstract

A stator for an electric machine, having a winding including a plurality of interconnected conductors assigned to one or more phases, wherein the ends of at least some of the conductors protrude axially or radially beyond the winding at the inner circumference and/or at the outer circumference of the winding. An interconnection ring, to which the conductors are connected, is positioned axially or radially on the winding, and at least one temperature sensor is arranged at the interconnection ring and is in thermal contact with the winding.

Claims

1. A stator for an electric machine, comprising: a winding, including a plurality of interconnected conductors assigned to one or more phases, wherein ends of at least one of the conductors protrude axially or radially beyond the winding at an inner circumference or at an outer circumference of the winding, wherein an interconnection ring, to which the conductors are connected, is positioned axially or radially on the winding, and wherein at least one temperature sensor is arranged at the interconnection ring and is in thermal contact with the winding.

2. The stator according to claim 1, wherein the interconnection ring has a housing in which a plurality of line bridges are arranged, wherein the temperature sensor is arranged in or on the housing protruding towards the winding.

3. The stator according to claim 1, wherein the temperature sensor is spring-loaded against the winding via an elastic element.

4. The stator according to claim 3, wherein the elastic element is a plastic component or a spring element.

5. The stator according to claim 3, wherein the elastic element has a metal element which is thermally coupled to the temperature sensor.

6. The stator according to claim 5, wherein the temperature sensor or the metal element is embedded in the elastic element.

7. The stator according to claim 1, wherein the temperature sensor rests axially, radially or tangentially on the winding.

8. The stator according to claim 1, wherein the temperature sensor is a thermocouple.

9. The stator according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of temperature sensors are arranged distributed on the interconnection ring.

10. An electric machine, comprising a stator according to claim 1.

11. The stator according to claim 4, wherein the plastic element is a silicone component or an elastomer component.

12. The stator according to claim 5, wherein the metal element is a copper core.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The disclosure is explained below on the basis of exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawings. The drawings are schematic representations, wherein:

[0024] FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram in the form of a partial view of a stator according to the disclosure,

[0025] FIG. 2 shows a partial view of the interconnection ring,

[0026] FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of various line bridges of the interconnection ring from FIG. 2, as well as two temperature sensor components,

[0027] FIG. 4 shows an enlarged, perspective view schematic diagram of a temperature sensor component,

[0028] FIG. 5 shows a perspective view of the actual temperature sensor, and

[0029] FIG. 6 shows a partial view of the stator with the interconnection ring attached and the temperature sensor component in thermal contact.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] FIG. 1 shows, in the form of a partial view, a schematic illustration of a stator 1 according to the disclosure of an electric machine, having a winding 2 comprising a plurality of conductors 3, which are assigned to three separate phases in the example shown. More or fewer phases can also be provided. Each conductor 3 is designed almost like a U-shaped bracket, wherein a plurality of such U-shaped conductors, often also called hairpins, are plugged together to form the winding 2, which can also be referred to as a winding cage. The plurality of conductors 3 define different radial planes R, as shown in FIG. 1. For this purpose, the conductors 3 extend, depending on the winding diagram, from one radial plane to another radial plane, for example an adjacent radial plane, in the region in which they are connected to the conductor ends of corresponding adjacent conductors continuing the phase conductor.

[0031] The conductors are guided or bent and laid in such a way that corresponding recesses 4 result, which extend radially so that corresponding stator teeth 5 engage in these recesses 4 or the corresponding conductors are wound between the corresponding grooves of the stator teeth 5. The basic structure of such a stator or a winding 2 wound from the separate brackets described is basically known.

[0032] In the stator 1 according to the disclosure, the ends 6 of the conductors 3, insofar as the ends 6 terminate respectively at the inner circumference and the outer circumference of the annular winding 2, are axially protruding, i.e., they protrude axially from the winding 2. These ends are associated with individual conductors, which in turn are assigned to different phases, which is why the conductor ends must be connected according to the routing diagram of the conductor 3. For this purpose, an interconnection ring 7 is used, which is placed axially on the end face of the winding 2 and is arranged between the conductor ends 6 or engages therebetween. The interconnection ring 7 comprises, as will be discussed below, a plurality of corresponding line bridges and connection sections 8, which protrude to the side from the housing 9 of the interconnection ring 7 and are positioned precisely next to the corresponding conductor end 6 after the interconnection ring 7 has been inserted between the conductor ends 6 with which they are to be connected. The connection is made, for example, by simple welding so that all conductors 3 are correctly and phase-specifically interconnected when they are connected. Other connection methods are also conceivable.

[0033] Furthermore, a power supply 14 is provided, which is arranged radially next to the winding 2 in the region of its axial end. This power supply 14, also referred to as a HV terminal, comprises a housing 10, in which corresponding busbars 11 are arranged, which protrude with their connection terminals 12 from the housing.

[0034] In the present case, as described, a 3-phase stator is shown, which is why three such connection terminals 12 are also provided in the example shown.

[0035] Each connection terminal 12 is to be connected to one phase of the winding 2.

[0036] This is implemented in a simple manner in that two conductor ends 6a per phase are guided or bent radially outwards, as FIG. 1 clearly shows. The two conductor ends 6a arranged on the outer circumference of the winding 2 are relatively short and can be bent directly outwards, while the two conductor ends 6a arranged on the inner circumference are longer and overlap the interconnection ring 7. They run above the connection terminals 12 so that a simple welded connection for making contact is possible there as well. The connection to the power supply 14 does not take place until the conductors 3 are interconnected via the interconnection ring 7.

[0037] FIG. 2 shows a partial view of the interconnection ring 7 according to FIG. 1. The housing 9 is shown, which is accordingly in several parts and also enables radial encapsulation. It is preferably made of plastic. It can be seen that the corresponding connection sections 8, which are assigned to different phases, protrude from the housing 9 through corresponding openings 15. As already described, the individual connection sections are assigned to different phases, i.e., connecting different conductor ends. In the example shown, two temperature sensor components 16, which are used to detect the winding temperature, are also arranged or integrated on the interconnection ring 7. The temperature sensor components 16 are arranged in or on the housing and received in corresponding openings 15 of the housing 9, through which they protrude axially in the example shown, or through which the connecting lines are guided when the temperature sensor components 16 are arranged on the outside. In the assembly position, as will be discussed below, they come to rest axially on the winding end surface so that they are in thermal contact with the winding 2. Due to the fact that the temperature sensor components 16 (instead of the two temperature sensor components shown, only one temperature sensor component 16 or more than two temperature sensor components 16 can be provided) are arranged on the housing 9 together with the line bridges 13, this results in a combined component which is used for the conductor connection on the one hand, and for the temperature detection on the other. By attaching only this single, compact interconnection ring 7, all line connections can consequently be closed, while at the same time the thermal contacting and thus the assembly of the temperature detection device is also possible.

[0038] FIG. 3 shows various separate line bridges 13 in the form of a schematic diagram, wherein in the example shown, six line bridges 13 are depicted which are arranged axially and radially offset from one another. On the respective inner or outer circumference of the line bridges 13, the corresponding connection sections 8 are formed, which in their entirety form a corresponding star distributor. Corresponding conductor ends arranged offset in the circumferential direction can accordingly be connected accordingly on the inner and outer circumference via the line bridges 13 extending in the circumferential direction so that the corresponding meander structure of the individual phase conductors is formed in this way or provided with the like.

[0039] Furthermore, the two temperature sensor components 16 are shown, which are arranged at suitable positions where there is corresponding free space for integration between the line bridges 13. The arrangement of the line bridges 13 shown corresponds to that which is received in the housing 9 according to FIG. 2.

[0040] FIG. 4 shows a temperature sensor component 16 in the form of a perspective schematic diagram. This includes a temperature sensor 17 shown in FIG. 5 with the actual NTC or PTC sensor 18, often also known as a sensor bead, and two signal lines 19 via which the temperature sensor component 16 is connected to the power electronics located externally to the interconnection ring 7. The corresponding signal lines 19 are led through the interconnection ring 7 or the housing 9 to the corresponding connections of the power electronics.

[0041] To form the temperature sensor component 16, the temperature sensor 17 is embedded in an elastic element 20, preferably an elastic plastic component made of silicone or an elastomer, as shown in FIG. 4. A metal element 21 or a metal core, which is in thermal contact with the sensor element 17 and via which metal element 21 the contact area with the actual winding 2 can be increased even further, can also be embedded in this elastic element 20. The metal element would be exposed on the flat underside 22, so that it would immediately come into thermal contact with the winding 2 when the interconnection ring 7 is mounted. However, such a metal element 21 is optional.

[0042] The elastic element 20 represents a pretensioning means, by means of which the temperature sensor 17 is spring-loaded against the winding surface, that is to say is pressed against it, wherein the elastic element 20 is able to be counter-mounted on the housing 9. This ensures that even if the distance between the underside of the housing and the upper side of the winding varies slightly, the temperature sensor 17 is always in thermal contact with the winding surface. The elastic element 20 therefore represents a compensation element.

[0043] Finally, FIG. 6 shows a partial view of the stator 1 according to the disclosure and the winding 2 as well as the interconnection ring 7. It can be seen that the temperature sensor component 16 is arranged on the underside 23 of the housing 9 or is supported there.

[0044] The signal lines 19 are led through the opening 15 into the interior of the housing. The temperature sensor component 16 is pressed with its underside 22 against the winding 2, so that the temperature sensor 17 is in thermal contact with the winding 2 and can therefore detect its temperature.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

[0045] 1 Stator

[0046] 2 Winding

[0047] 3 Conductor

[0048] 4 Recess

[0049] 5 Stator tooth

[0050] 6 Conductor end

[0051] 7 Interconnection ring

[0052] 8 Connection element

[0053] 9 Housing

[0054] 10 Housing

[0055] 11 Conductor rail

[0056] 12 Connection terminal

[0057] 13 Line bridge

[0058] 14 Power supply

[0059] 15 Opening

[0060] 16 Temperature sensor component

[0061] 17 Temperature sensor

[0062] 18 NTC or PTC sensor

[0063] 19 Signal line

[0064] 20 Element

[0065] 21 Metal element

[0066] 22 Underside

[0067] 23 Underside