MODULAR CONSTRUCTION INCLUDING FIRE-SUPPRESSING GASKET

Abstract

A gasket for installation in a gap defined by adjacent modular construction units, each having a support frame. The gasket includes at least one layer of structural cement panel; and at least one layer of mineral wool, and the at least one layer of said panel and mineral wool has at least one plate recess configured for accommodating a support plate. A modular building construction is provided, including a plurality of modular units, each unit having a steel frame. Four adjacent units of the plurality form an intersection, and support plates are fastened at upper surfaces of corners formed by each frame. The gasket is disposed in a gap defined at the intersection, the gasket having four plate recesses for accommodating the support plates. In still another embodiment, a method of constructing a building made of modular units including the gasket.

Claims

1. A gasket for installation in a gap defined by adjacent modular construction units, each having a support frame, said gasket comprising: at least one layer of structural cement panel; and at least one layer of mineral wool; said at least one layer of said panel and mineral wool having at least one plate recess configured for accommodating a support plate.

2. The gasket of claim 1, further including one said plate recess at each of four corners of said panel and said mineral wool.

3. The gasket of claim 1, wherein said gasket has a length corresponding to a length of the modular construction unit.

4. The gasket of claim 1, wherein said combined panel and mineral wool layers having a height in the range of 1¾ to 3 inches.

5. The gasket of claim 1, wherein said combined panel and mineral wool layers have a width in the range of 12 to 24 inches in a main portion, excluding said corners.

6. The gasket of claim 1, including an upper panel layer, a lower panel layer, and a middle layer of said mineral wool.

7. The gasket of claim 1 including an upper mineral wool layer, a lower mineral wool layer, and a middle layer of said panel.

8. A modular building construction, comprising: a plurality of modular units, each said unit having a steel frame; four adjacent units of said plurality forming an intersection; support plates fastened at upper surfaces of corners formed by each said frame; a gasket disposed in a gap defined at said intersection, said gasket having four plate recesses for accommodating said support plates, said gasket constructed and arranged for insertion into said gap and for blocking passage of smoke and fire in said gap.

9. The modular construction of claim 8, wherein said gasket is made of at least one layer of mineral wool.

10. The modular construction of claim 8, wherein said gasket is made of at least one layer of structural cement panel.

11. The modular construction of claim 8, wherein said gasket includes an upper panel layer, a lower panel layer, and a middle layer of said mineral wool.

12. The modular construction of claim 8 wherein said gasket includes an upper mineral wool layer, a lower mineral wool layer, and a middle layer of said panel.

13. A method of constructing a building made of modular units, comprising: providing a pair of modular units, each having a steel frame including intersecting beams forming at least one corner, each said corner having a support plate; locating said modular units next to each other; providing a gasket that overlaps opposing edges of each of said modular units, said gasket having plate recesses dimensioned for accommodating said support plates; and installing a supplemental pair of modular units vertically above said pair of modular units, said supplemental modular units engaging said support plates and also compressing said gasket.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein said gasket is made of at least one layer of mineral wool.

15. The method of claim 13, wherein said gasket is made of at least one layer of structural cement panel.

16. The method of claim 13, wherein said gasket includes an upper panel layer, a lower panel layer, and a middle layer of said mineral wool.

17. The method of claim 13 wherein said gasket includes an upper mineral wool layer, a lower mineral wool layer, and a middle layer of said panel.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a building being made of modular units “modules” of the type equipped with the present gasket;

[0019] FIG. 2 is a fragmentary exploded junction of four modules of the type illustrated in FIG. 1 showing the disposition of the present gasket;

[0020] FIG. 3 is a fragmentary assembled vertical cross-section of four modules equipped with the present gasket;

[0021] FIG. 4 is a fragmentary vertical cross-section of an embodiment of the present gasket;

[0022] FIG. 5 is a fragmentary vertical cross-section of another embodiment of the present gasket;

[0023] FIG. 6 is a fragmentary vertical cross-section of still another embodiment of the present gasket; and

[0024] FIG. 7 is a fragmentary vertical cross-section of yet another embodiment of the present gasket.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] Referring now to FIGS. 1-3, a multi-story building incorporating the present modules is generally designated 10, and includes a plurality of joined module units 12. Each module unit 12 includes a plurality of building elements, panels 14, doors 16 and windows 18. The wall panels 14 are preferably made of structural cement, according to U.S. Pat. Nos. 7,445,738 and 7,670,520 which are incorporated by reference, however other exterior construction panels are contemplated. As described above, structural cement panels 14 are also contemplated as including all conventional, cement core, fiber-reinforced panels, including Portland cement and magnesium oxide-based panels A ceiling 20 of a lower unit 12L becomes part of a floor 22 of an upper unit 12U. Naturally, as the building 10 is provided with multiple stories, an upper module 12U of one floor/ceiling assembly will serve as the lower module 12L of the next higher story. An intersection of four adjacent modular units 12 is generally designated 24 (FIG. 3).

[0026] Referring now to FIGS. 2 and 3, the intersection 24 is depicted in greater detail. Each modular unit 12 includes a steel frame 26 including horizontal beams 28 and vertical studs 30 welded or bolted together to form a rigid structure to which the wall panels 14, doors 16 and windows 18 are attached, using threaded fasteners as known in the art. In the preferred embodiment, the ceiling beams 28 (and columns or posts 30) have a minimum height (width) of 3 inches, and are preferably 14 MSG grade steel, however other sizes are contemplated depending on the application. At least one connector or bearing support plate 32 is secured to a corner 34 of the frame 26 defined by joined beams 28 at a 90° angle, preferably by welding. However, other attachment techniques known in the art are contemplated, including threaded fasteners and couplings. In the preferred embodiment, while other sizes are contemplated depending on the application, the connector plate 32 is preferably a minimum ¾-inch thick or having that size height, and is provided in a polygonal shape that is preferably dimensioned 4 inches by 4 inches. Also, the connector plate 32 is used to join the upper unit 12U to the lower unit 12L, again preferably by welding or similar permanent attachment. This construction enhances the integrity and strength of the assembled building 10.

[0027] A space, gap or cavity 36 is defined between the upper unit 12U and the lower unit 12L that extends a full length of the units 12, as well as a full height of the units, with the exception of the support plates 32. A gasket 40 is constructed and arranged for filling the space 36 between the upper and lower modular units 12U, 12L where opposing edges of laterally-spaced modules are adjacent each other. Preferably, the gasket 40 includes at least one, and preferably four polygonal plate recesses 42 every 12 feet dimensioned for accommodating the support plates 32 at each corner 34 of the frame 26. In the preferred embodiment, the plate recesses 42 are square in shape, however other configurations are contemplated, depending on the shape of the support plate 32. As seen in FIG. 2, the plate recesses 42 are preferably located at corners of the gasket 40, however, in addition, the recesses are contemplated as being located between ends 43 of the gasket.

[0028] The gasket 40 is planar in shape and is constructed and arranged for filling the space 36 at the intersection 24 between vertically adjacent modules 12U, 12L, as well as overlapping laterally adjacent modules to prevent the spread of smoke and/or fire in the space 36. As such, the gasket 40 has a length “L” corresponding to a length of the modular construction unit 12. Further, the gasket 40 has a width “W” in the range of in the range of 12 to 24 inches in a main portion, excluding the plate recesses 42. Preferably, the gasket 40 is made of fire resistant materials. Further, the gasket 40 is constructed to accommodate the compressive forces generated from the weight of the vertically-stacked modules. Thus, while the gasket 40 has a relatively limited width “W” compared to a width of the modules 12, due to the placement of the gasket 40 at the intersection 24, lateral and vertical migration of smoke and/or fire between modules is prevented.

[0029] Referring now to FIG. 4, in an embodiment, the gasket 40 is made of at least one layer of structural cement panel 44 and at least one layer of mineral wool 46. It is preferred that the structural cement panel 44 is of the type sold by United States Gypsum Co. as Structural Panel Concrete Subfloor, also sold under the trademark STRUCTO-CRETE® panels, and is preferably made according to at least one of U.S. Pat. Nos. 7,445,738 and 7,670,520. In the preferred embodiment, the panels 44 are a minimum ½-inch thick or tall. The mineral wool layer 46 is made of widely available material. As seen in FIG. 2, each of the layers 44, 46 has the plate recesses 42 for accommodating the support plates 32.

[0030] In an embodiment, when the gasket 40 includes panel and mineral wool layers 44, 46, the gasket has a height “H” in the range of 1% to 3 inches. As seen in FIG. 4, one embodiment of the gasket 40 features an upper panel layer 44a, a lower panel layer 44b, both layers made of structural cement panels, and a middle layer 46a of mineral wool.

[0031] Referring now to FIG. 5, in another embodiment, the gasket 40 is contemplated as included a layer of panel 44a and a layer of mineral wool 46a, or alternately, a layer of panel 44a sandwiched between layers of mineral wool 46a, 46b. Referring now to FIG. 6, it is further contemplated that the gasket 40 is made of a single layer of panel 44, or, in FIG. 7, a single layer of mineral wool 46.

[0032] Referring again to FIGS. 1 and 2, the gasket 40 is shown installed between adjacent modular units 12 in the construction of the modular building 10. It is seen that the gasket 40 is positioned along a common edge 48 of the units 12 and overlaps laterally onto each unit. As such, the disposition of the gasket 40 at the intersection 24 between four modular units 12 prevents both lateral and vertical migration of smoke and/or fire in the space 36 between the units. The plate recesses 42 accommodate the support plates 32 at each corner and/or intermediary points of the frames 26 which form each unit 12.

[0033] During construction of the building 10, after placement of a pair of laterally adjacent modular units 12, the support plates 32 are optionally fixed in place on the corners and/or intermediary points 34 of the frame 26. It is also contemplated that the support plates 32 are installed remotely at a factory fabricating the units 12. The gasket 40 is installed along the opposing edges 48 of the adjacent modular units 12 so that the plate recesses 42 are located at the support plates 32. Each gasket 40 thus covers the space 36 between the adjacent modular units 12 and also prevents lateral migration of smoke and/or fire once an additional two supplemental units 12 are placed above the first two modular units and the gasket 40, and the supplemental units are secured in place. When multiple layers of the gasket 40 are provided, the layers of structural cement panel 44 and mineral wool 46 are preferably fastened together with chemical adhesive at a remote factory, or are assembled onsite by placing layers upon each other, and optionally applying chemical adhesive, as by spraying, brushing, rolling or the like as is known in the art.

[0034] While a particular embodiment of the present modular construction including a fire-suppressing gasket has been described herein, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes and modifications may be made thereto without departing from the invention in its broader aspects and as set forth in the following claims.