Multilayer cover nonwoven for a vehicle interior lining, interior lining with such a cover nonwoven and method for producing such a cover nonwoven

Abstract

The invention refers to a cover nonwoven for an interior lining for a vehicle, comprising a nonwoven fabric consisting of at least two nonwoven layers, a first nonwoven layer and a second nonwoven layer, wherein a first outer surface of the nonwoven fabric is formed by a surface of the first nonwoven layer and a second outer surface of the nonwoven fabric is formed by a surface of the second nonwoven layer, and wherein the first nonwoven layer and the second nonwoven layer are inseparably bonded on the entire surface. According to the invention, the first nonwoven layer is formed of a rough polypropylene spunlaced nonwoven and the second nonwoven layer is formed of a dense polypropylene spun-bonded nonwoven, wherein the first outer surface of the nonwoven fabric is suitable for the application of a pressure-sensitive adhesive, and wherein the second outer surface of the nonwoven fabric has hydrophobic properties.

Claims

1. A method of manufacturing a cover nonwoven for an interior lining for a vehicle the method comprising: forming a nonwoven fabric having at least two nonwoven layers, the at least two nonwoven layers comprising a first nonwoven layer and a second nonwoven layer, wherein a first outer surface of said nonwoven fabric is formed by a surface of said first nonwoven layer and a second outer surface of said nonwoven fabric is formed by a surface of said second nonwoven layer; wherein the first outer surface of the nonwoven fabric is suitable for applying a pressure-sensitive adhesive, and wherein the second outer surface of the nonwoven fabric has hydrophobic properties; and inseparably bonding the first nonwoven layer and the second nonwoven layer over the entire surface, wherein the first nonwoven layer is formed from a rough polypropylene spunlaced nonwoven, wherein the first nonwoven layer is rough due to a ratio (p/v) of an entangling pressure (p) applied to solidify the first nonwoven layer and a production speed (v) where the ratio does not exceed a value of 9.0 bar/(m/min), wherein the second nonwoven layer is formed from a dense polypropylene spun-bonded nonwoven, wherein the second nonwoven layer is dense by virtue of having an air permeability of at most 400 l/(m.sup.2.Math.s) at a pressure difference of 1 mbar between the first outer surface of the second nonwoven layer and the second outer surface of the second nonwoven layer.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the ratio (p/v) is in the range between 6.0 and 8.0 bar/(m/min).

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the second nonwoven layer is solidified by means of a calender, wherein the parameters of calender pressure (q), calender temperature (T) and production speed (v) are selected during the solidification of the second nonwoven layer such that a ratio (q.Math.T/v) does not fall below a value of 60 K.Math.MPa.Math.s.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the ratio (q.Math.T/v) is in the range between 70 and 100 K.Math.MPa.Math.s.

5. The method according to claim 3, wherein the first nonwoven layer is thermally laminated onto the second nonwoven layer with the aid of a calender, or wherein the first nonwoven layer and the second nonwoven layer are joined by means of hydroentanglement.

6. The method according to claim 3, wherein the first nonwoven layer or the second nonwoven layer has an abrasion resistance up to the destruction of the fibrous structure of the first nonwoven layer according to the Martindale method of at most 2,000 intervals at a weight load of 12 kN.

7. The method according to claim 3, wherein: the second nonwoven layer has a weight per unit area between 25 g/m.sup.2 and 40 g/m.sup.2; or the second nonwoven layer comprises at least one melt-blown intermediate layer; or the second nonwoven layer has a thickness of 0.1 mm to 0.8 mm; or the second nonwoven layer has a water resistance of at least 20 cmH.sub.2O.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) An embodiment of the present invention is explained in more detail below using drawings.

(2) FIG. 1 shows a section through an embodiment of a cover nonwoven according to the invention with a nonwoven fabric 11 and an interior lining 1 with a cover nonwoven according to the invention, as well as a concept for the production of the nonwoven fabric 11 and the interior lining 1.

(3) FIG. 2 shows a concept for the production of a cover nonwoven according to the invention with a nonwoven fabric 11.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

(4) As shown in FIG. 1, the nonwoven fabric 11 is formed from a first nonwoven layer 3 and a second nonwoven layer 4, wherein the first nonwoven layer 3 is a rough PP spunlaced nonwoven and the second nonwoven layer 4 is a dense PP spun-bonded nonwoven.

(5) The PP spunlaced nonwoven 3 from a first source 9 and the PP spun-bonded nonwoven 4 from a second source 10 are joined together in a device for joining the two nonwoven layers 2. To produce an interior lining 1 with a cover nonwoven according to the invention, the cover nonwoven with the nonwoven fabric 11 is placed on the remaining layers of the interior lining 1. One surface of the PP spunlaced nonwoven 3 forms a first outer surface of the nonwoven fabric 11, and one surface of the PP spun-bonded nonwoven 4 forms a second outer surface of the nonwoven fabric 11, wherein the second outer surface of the nonwoven fabric 11 is in direct contact with a fibrous composite 5 of the interior lining, wherein the fibrous composite comprises a resin matrix which bonds the cover nonwoven 11 to the fibrous composite 5. In this embodiment, the fibrous composite 5 is made with a glass fiber fabric. The hydrophobic properties of the PP spun-bonded nonwoven 4 prevent the resin from penetrating the second outer surface of the nonwoven fabric, thereby preventing the interior lining 1 from sticking to a tool 12 during the pressing process in the manufacture of the interior lining 1. To ensure a suitable barrier effect of the PP spun-bonded nonwoven 4, the PP spun-bonded nonwoven 4 has a water resistance of 20 cmH.sub.2O and an air permeability of 400 l/(m.Math.s.sup.2) at a pressure difference of 1 mbar.

(6) The PP spunlaced nonwoven 3 thus forms a first surface of the interior lining 1, on which components can be fastened with a pressure-sensitive adhesive, in particular cables with an adhesive tape.

(7) The interior lining 1 further comprises a layer of rigid polyurethane foam 6, approximately 10 mm thick, sandwiched between a first fibrous composite 5 and a second fibrous composite 7, both comprising a glass fiber fabric and a resin matrix. The first fibrous composite 5 is in direct contact with the nonwoven fabric 11, the nonwoven fabric 11 being bonded thereto by means of the resin matrix of the first fibrous composite 5, and the second fibrous composite 7 being in direct contact with a decor 8, the decor 8 being bonded thereto by means of the resin matrix of the second fibrous composite 7, the decor 8 forming a second surface of the interior lining 1 which is visible towards the interior of the vehicle.

(8) As shown in FIG. 2, the PP nonwoven 3 is formed by a spunlaced PP pile, which is formed by an un-bonded nonwoven 14 by hydroentangelement 15, as the fibrous surface enables a particularly good adhesive effect by a pressure-sensitive adhesive.

(9) The PP spun-bonded nonwoven 4 comprises two spun-bonded layers 12 and a melt-blown intermediate layer 13, which lies between the two spun-bonded layers 12, resulting in an SMS structure of the PP spun-bonded nonwoven 4. Alternatively, two melt-blown intermediate layers 13 can also be used, resulting in an SMMS structure of the PP spun-bonded nonwoven 4. A spun-bonded layer 12 formed by a spun-bonded beam 16 is covered by a melt-blown intermediate layer 13 formed by a melt-blown beam 17 and then covered by another spun-bonded layer 12.

(10) The weight per unit area of the PP spun-bonded nonwoven 4 is between 25 g/m.sup.2 and 40 g/m.sup.2 and the thickness of the PP spun-bonded nonwoven 4 is between 0.1 mm and 0.8 mm, whereby the weight per unit area of the entire nonwoven fabric is between 60 g/m.sup.2 and 90 g/m.sup.2.

(11) A hydroentangelement device 18 and a subsequent thermal calendering device 19 are used to bond the PP spunlaced nonwoven 3 to the PP spun-bonded nonwoven and to solidify the resulting nonwoven fabric 11. In the hydroentanglement device 18, the PP spunlaced nonwoven 3 is deposited on the PP spun-bonded nonwoven 4 and needled onto the PP spun-bonded nonwoven 4 by hydroentangelement. This results in good adhesion between the two nonwoven layers. With the device for thermal calendering 19, the PP spunlaced nonwoven 3 is thermally laminated onto the PP spun-bonded nonwoven 4 with the aid of two calender rollers 20. Through the combination of hydroentangelement 18 and subsequent calendering 19, both the entangling intensity of the hydroentanglement 18 and the contact pressure between the calender rollers 20 during thermal calendering 19 can be reduced, whereby on the one hand the perforation of the nonwoven fabric 11 can be reduced, and on the other hand a disadvantageous smoothing of the first outer surface of the nonwoven fabric 11 can be reduced, whereby the connection of the PP spunlaced nonwoven 3 with the PP spun-bonded nonwoven 4 can be improved.