FIRE PROTECTION DEVICE WITH A COMPOSITE SYSTEM, COMPOSITE SYSTEM AND BATTERY PACK WITH A FIRE PROTECTION DEVICE

Abstract

Fire protection device with composite system, composite system and battery pack with fire protection device.

The present application describes a fire protection device comprising

(a) a composite system including
(a1) a carrier layer,
(a2) an adhesive layer, and
(a3) a fire protection layer containing at least one ablative-acting compound, and
(b) a shell inside which the composite system is arranged.

The fire protection device can be used in battery packs, in order to avoid overheating and/or contain a fire in the battery pack.

Claims

1-16. (cancelled)

17. A composite system comprising: (1) a carrier layer, (2) an adhesive layer, and (3) a fire protection layer containing an ablative compound.

18. The composite system according to claim 1, wherein the ablative compound is selected from the group consisting of LiNO.sub.3.3H.sub.2O, Na.sub.2CO.sub.3.H.sub.2O, Na.sub.2CO.sub.3.7H.sub.2O, Na.sub.2CO.sub.3.10H.sub.2O, Na.sub.2Ca(CO.sub.3).sub.2.2H.sub.2O, Na.sub.2Ca(CO.sub.3).sub.2.5H.sub.2O, Na(HCO.sub.3)Na.sub.2CO.sub.3.2H.sub.2O, Na.sub.2S.sub.2O.sub.3.5H.sub.2O, Na.sub.2O.sub.3Si.5H.sub.2O, KF.2H.sub.2O, CaBr.sub.2. 2H.sub.2O, CaBr.sub.2.6H.sub.2O, CaSO.sub.4.2H.sub.2O, Ca(SO.sub.4).½H.sub.2O, Ba(OH).sub.2.8H.sub.2O, Ni(NO.sub.3)2.6H.sub.2O, Ni(NO.sub.3).sub.2.4H.sub.2O, Ni(NO.sub.3).sub.2.2H.sub.2O, Zn(NO.sub.3).sub.2.4H.sub.2O, Zn(NO.sub.3).sub.2.6H.sub.2O, (ZnO).sub.2(B.sub.2O.sub.3).sub.2.3H.sub.2O, Mg(NO.sub.3).sub.2.6H.sub.2O, MgSO.sub.4.7H.sub.2O, Mg(OH).sub.2, Al(OH).sub.3, Al(OH).sub.3.3H.sub.2O, AlOOH, Al.sub.2[SO.sub.4].sub.3.nH.sub.2O with n=14-18, KAl(SO.sub.4).sub.2.12H.sub.2O, CaO.Al.sub.2O.sub.3.10H.sub.2O, MgCO.sub.3.3H.sub.2O, Ca.sub.2Mg.sub.14(Al,Fe).sub.4CO.sub.3(OH).sub.42.29H.sub.2O, Ca.sub.3Si(OH).sub.6(SO.sub.4)(CO.sub.3).12H.sub.2O, Ca.sub.6Al.sub.2[(OH).sub.12″(SO.sub.4).sub.3].26H.sub.2O, 3CaO.Al.sub.2O.sub.3.3CaSO.sub.4.32H.sub.2O, Mg.sub.5(OH).sub.2(CO.sub.3).sub.44H.sub.2O, Ca.sub.4Al.sub.2(OH).sub.14.6H.sub.2O, Mg.sub.6Al.sub.2(OH).sub.16CO.sub.3.4H.sub.2O, CaAl.sub.2(OH).sub.4(CO.sub.3).sub.2.3H.sub.2O, Scarbroit, Al.sub.14(CO.sub.3).sub.3(OH).sub.36, 3CaO.Al.sub.2O.sub.3.6H.sub.2O, NaAl(OH)CO.sub.3, Al(OH).sub.3, hydrous zeolites, vermiculites, colemanites, perlites, mica, alkali silicates, borax, modified carbons, graphites, silicas and mixtures thereof.

19. The composite system according to claim 17, wherein the ablative compound comprises ettringite.

20. The composite system according to claim 17, wherein the ablative compound comprises Al(OH).sub.3.

21. The composite system according to claim 17, wherein the ablative compound comprises synthetic ettringite and Al(OH).sub.3.

22. The composite system according to claim 17, wherein the fire protection layer comprises a glass fibre fleece or glass fibre fabric coated with a fire protection composition comprising the ablative compound.

23. A fire protection device comprising: (a) a composite system comprising: (a1) a carrier layer, (a2) an adhesive layer and (a3) a fire protection layer comprising an ablative compound, and (b) a shell in which the composite system is arranged.

24. The fire protection device according to claim 23, wherein the ablative compound is selected from the group consisting of LiNO.sub.3.3H.sub.2O, Na.sub.2CO.sub.3.H.sub.2O, Na.sub.2CO.sub.3.7H.sub.2O, Na.sub.2CO.sub.3.10H.sub.2O, Na.sub.2Ca(CO.sub.3).sub.2.2H.sub.2O, Na.sub.2Ca(CO.sub.3).sub.2.5H.sub.2O, Na(HCO.sub.3)Na.sub.2CO.sub.3.2H.sub.2O, Na.sub.2S.sub.2O.sub.3.5H.sub.2O, Na.sub.2O.sub.3Si.5H.sub.2O, KF.2H.sub.2O, CaBr.sub.2. 2H.sub.2O, CaBr.sub.2.6H.sub.2O, CaSO.sub.4.2H.sub.2O, Ca(SO.sub.4).½H.sub.2O, Ba(OH).sub.2.8H.sub.2O, Ni(NO.sub.3)2.6H.sub.2O, Ni(NO.sub.3).sub.2.4H.sub.2O, Ni(NO.sub.3).sub.2.2H.sub.2O, Zn(NO.sub.3).sub.2.4H.sub.2O, Zn(NO.sub.3).sub.2.6H.sub.2O, (ZnO).sub.2(B.sub.2O.sub.3).sub.2.3H.sub.2O, Mg(NO.sub.3).sub.2.6H.sub.2O, MgSO.sub.4.7H.sub.2O, Mg(OH).sub.2, Al(OH).sub.3, Al(OH).sub.3.3H.sub.2O, AlOOH, Al.sub.2[SO.sub.4].sub.3.nH.sub.2O with n=14-18, KAl(SO.sub.4).sub.2.12H.sub.2O, CaO.Al.sub.2O.sub.3.10H.sub.2O, MgCO.sub.3.3H.sub.2O, Ca.sub.2Mg.sub.14(Al,Fe).sub.4CO.sub.3(OH).sub.42.29H.sub.2O, Ca.sub.3Si(OH).sub.6(SO.sub.4)(CO.sub.3).12H.sub.2O, Ca.sub.6Al.sub.2[(OH).sub.12″(SO.sub.4).sub.3].26H.sub.2O, 3CaO.Al.sub.2O.sub.3.3CaSO.sub.4.32H.sub.2O, Mg.sub.5(OH).sub.2(CO.sub.3).sub.44H.sub.2O, Ca.sub.4Al.sub.2(OH).sub.14.6H.sub.2O, Mg.sub.6Al.sub.2(OH).sub.16CO.sub.3.4H.sub.2O, CaAl.sub.2(OH).sub.4(CO.sub.3).sub.2.3H.sub.2O, Scarbroit, Al.sub.14(CO.sub.3).sub.3(OH).sub.36, 3CaO.Al.sub.2O.sub.3.6H.sub.2O, NaAl(OH)CO.sub.3, Al(OH).sub.3, hydrous zeolites, vermiculites, colemanites, perlites, mica, alkali silicates, borax, modified carbons, graphites, silicas and mixtures thereof.

25. The fire protection device according to claim 23, wherein that the ablative compound comprises ettringite.

26. The fire protection device according to claim 23, wherein the ablative compound comprises Al(OH).sub.3.

27. The fire protection device according to claim 23, wherein the ablative compound comprises synthetic ettringite and Al(OH).sub.3.

28. The fire protection device according to claim 23, wherein the fire protection layer comprises a glass fibre fleece or glass fibre fabric coated with a fire protection composition comprising the ablative compound.

29. The fire protection device according to claim 28, wherein the glass fibre fleece or the glass fibre fabric contains glass fibres of Alkaline earth silicate glass, Electrical glass, Electrical glass corrosion resistant, High strength glass, Reinforcement glass, Modulus glass, Chemical glass, Dielectric glass, Alkaline resistant glass, T glass and/or Quartz glass.

30. A battery pack comprising (i) a housing, (ii) a rechargeable lithium-ion battery, (iii) a fire protection device comprising (a) a composite system comprising (a1) a carrier layer, (a2) an adhesive layer, and (a3) a fire-protection layer comprising an ablative-active compound, and (b) a shell in which the composite system is arranged.

31. A method of protecting fire, the method comprising providing the fire protection device according to claim 23, wherein the fire protection device comprises a rechargeable battery cell.

32. The composite system according to claim 17, wherein a basis weight of the fire protection layer is in the range of 400 g/m.sup.2 to 600 g/m.sup.2.

33. The composite system according to claim 19, wherein the ablative compound comprises synthetic ettringite.

34. The composite system according to claim 22, wherein a basis weight of the glass fibre fleece is in the range of 40 g/m.sup.2 to 60 g/m.sup.2.

35. The composite system according to claim 22, wherein an amount of the ablative compound is at least 50% by weight based on a total weight of the fire protection composition.

36. The fire protection device according to claim 25, wherein the ablative compound comprises synthetic ettringite.

Description

GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE COMPOUND SYSTEM

[0064] The composite system is preferably located inside a shell. This shell can be of single- or multilayer design. In particular, the shell is preferably liquid-tight. The thickness of the shell is preferably between 100 and 200 μm.

[0065] In particular, the shell preferably has a multilayer structure and can, for example, comprise a composite film of polyethylene terephthalate, aluminium and polyethylene (PET/Al/PE) or polyethylene and polyethylene (PET/PE). Plastic films in general and self-adhesive films can also be used.

[0066] The composite system can, for example, be welded into the shell under vacuum or without vacuum. After the composite system has been welded into the shell, the fire protection device can be provided with one or more window(s) and/or a specific contour. Alternatively, the composite system can be provided with one or more window(s) and/or a specific contour before being welded into the shell.

[0067] The composite system is an important intermediate product in the manufacture of fireproofing.

Structure of the Composite System According to the Invention The composite system according to the invention can comprise one or more layers selected from

[0068] a) one or more glass fiber webs and/or glass fiber fabrics (with a reinforcing coating), optionally coated as described above; [0069] b) one or more stainless steel foils; [0070] c) one or more carrier layers; and [0071] d) one or more fire protection layers,
where the individual layers are usually bonded to each other via adhesive layers,

[0072] A suitable composite system according to the invention has, for example, the following structure:

Layer 1: fire protection layer with a glass fiber fleece, whereby the fire protection layer is directed to the outside of the composite system;
Layer 2: stainless steel foil;
Layer 3: glass fiber fabric or glass fiber fleece provided with a reinforcing coating;
Layer 4: carrier layer;
Layer 5: fire protection layer with a glass fiber fleece, whereby the fire protection layer is directed to the outside of the composite system.

[0073] Another suitable composite system according to the invention has, for example, the following structure:

Layer 1: fire protection layer with a glass fiber fleece;
Layer 2: fire protection layer with a glass fiber fleece (identical or different to layer 1);
Layer 3: stainless steel foil;
Layer 4: glass fiber fabric or glass fiber fleece provided with a reinforcing coating;
Layer 5: carrier layer;
Layer 6: fire protection layer with a glass fiber fleece (identical or different to layers 1 and 2); and
Layer 7: fire protection layer with a glass fiber fleece (identical or different to layers 1, 2 and 7).

[0074] Accordingly, another subject matter of the present application is a composite system comprising.

(a1) a carrier layer,
(a2) an adhesive layer and
(a3) a fire protection layer containing at least one ablative compound.

[0075] With regard to preferred embodiments of the composite system, the following applies mutatis mutandis to the fire protection device.

[0076] In particular, the fire protection device may be in the form of a mat or plate and may be part of a battery pack for use in a portable device (for example, a smartphone or a tablet computer) or an electric vehicle. In particular, the fire protection device may be part of a battery pack comprising at least one rechargeable lithium-ion battery cell for use in a portable device or an electric vehicle.

[0077] Accordingly, another subject matter of the present invention is a battery pack comprising

(i) a housing,
(ii) at least one rechargeable lithium ion battery cell,
(iii) a fire protection device comprising [0078] (a) a composite system comprising. [0079] (a1) a carrier layer, [0080] (a2) an adhesive layer and [0081] (a3) a fire protection layer containing at least one ablative compound, and [0082] (b) optionally a shell inside in which the composite system is arranged.

[0083] In this battery pack of the present invention, the fire protection layer of the composite system is preferably arranged in the direction of the rechargeable lithium-ion battery cell. Between the rechargeable lithium-ion battery cell and the fire-protection layer of the composite system, one side of the envelope, if any, may be arranged.

[0084] With respect to preferred embodiments of the battery pack, what has been said for the fire protection device applies mutatis mutandis. Rechargeable lithium battery cells include in particular rechargeable lithium cobalt dioxide battery cells, rechargeable lithium titanate battery cells, rechargeable lithium manganese battery cells, rechargeable lithium iron phosphate battery cells, rechargeable lithium air battery cells, rechargeable dual carbon battery cells and/or lithium polymer battery cells. Typically, a battery pack has multiple rechargeable lithium battery cells connected in series. The battery pack may include further components. In particular, a battery management system (BMS) is included as a further component. The battery management system is preferably an electronic circuit which serves to monitor, control and protect the rechargeable lithium-ion battery cell(s). Battery packs are usually designed to be replaceable and have detachable electrical contacts.

[0085] A further embodiment of the present invention is the use of an inventive fire protection device in an assembly, comprising at least one rechargeable lithium ion battery cell.

[0086] With regard to preferred embodiments of use, what has been said for the fire protection device and the battery pack applies mutatis mutandis.

[0087] The present invention is again illustrated in more detail with reference to the following embodiments:

[0088] 1. Composite system comprising [0089] (1) a carrier layer, [0090] (2) an adhesive layer, and [0091] (3) a fire protection layer containing at least one ablative compound.

[0092] 2. Composite system according to item 1, [0093] characterized in that [0094] the ablative compound is selected from the group consisting of LiNO.sub.3.3H.sub.2O, Na.sub.2CO.sub.3.H.sub.2O (Thermonatrite), Na.sub.2CO.sub.3.7H.sub.2O, Na.sub.2CO.sub.3.10H.sub.2O (Soda), Na.sub.2Ca(CO.sub.3).sub.2.2H.sub.2O (Pirssonite), Na.sub.2Ca(CO.sub.3).sub.2. 5H.sub.2O (Gaylussite), Na(HCO.sub.3)Na.sub.2CO.sub.3.2H.sub.2O (Trona), Na.sub.2S.sub.2O.sub.3.5H.sub.2O, Na.sub.2O.sub.3Si.5H.sub.2O, KF.2H.sub.2O, CaBr.sub.2. 2H.sub.2O, CaBr.sub.2. 6 H.sub.2O, CaSO.sub.4.2H.sub.2O (Gipsum), Ca(SO.sub.4).½H.sub.2O (Bassanite), Ba(OH).sub.2.8H.sub.2O, Ni(NO.sub.3).sub.2.6H.sub.2O, Ni(NO.sub.3).sub.2. 4H.sub.2O, Ni(NO.sub.3).sub.2. 2H.sub.2O, Zn(NO.sub.3).sub.2. 4H.sub.2O, Zn(NO.sub.3).sub.2.6H.sub.2O, (ZnO).sub.2(B.sub.2O.sub.3).sub.2.3H.sub.2O, Mg(NO.sub.3).sub.2. 6H.sub.2O, MgSO.sub.4.7H.sub.2O, Mg(OH).sub.2, Al(OH).sub.3, Al(OH).sub.3. 3H.sub.2O, AlOOH (Boehmite), Al.sub.2[SO.sub.4].sub.3.nH.sub.2O with n=14-18, KAl(SO.sub.4).sub.2.12H.sub.2O, CaO.Al.sub.2O.sub.3. 10H.sub.2O (Nesquehonite), MgCO.sub.3.3H.sub.2O (Wermlandite), Ca.sub.2Mg.sub.14(Al,Fe).sub.4CO.sub.3(OH).sub.42.29H.sub.2O (Thaumasite), Ca.sub.3Si(OH).sub.6(SO.sub.4)(CO.sub.3). 12H.sub.2O (Artinite), CaAl.sub.2[(OH).sub.12|(SO.sub.4).sub.3].26H.sub.2O (Ettringite), 3 CaO.Al.sub.2O.sub.3.3CaSO.sub.4.32H.sub.2O (Hydromagnesite), Mg.sub.5(OH).sub.2(CO.sub.3).sub.4.4H.sub.2O (Hydrocalumite), Ca.sub.4Al.sub.2(OH).sub.14.6H.sub.2O (Hydrotalcite), Mg.sub.6Al.sub.2(OH).sub.16CO.sub.3.4H.sub.2O Alumohydrocalcite, CaAl.sub.2(OH).sub.4(CO.sub.3).sub.2.3H.sub.2O (Scarbroite), Al.sub.14(CO.sub.3).sub.3(OH).sub.36 (Hydrogranate), 3 CaO.Al.sub.2O.sub.3.6H.sub.2O (Dawsonite), NaAl(OH)CO.sub.3, Al(OH).sub.3 (Hydrargillite, ATH), hydrous zeolites, vermiculites, colemanites, perlites, mica, alkali silicates, borax, modified carbons, graphites, silicas and mixtures thereof.

[0095] 3. Composite system according to item 1 or 2, [0096] characterized in that [0097] the ablative compound comprises ettringite, preferably synthetic ettringite.

[0098] 4. Composite system according to one of the items 1 to 3, [0099] characterized in that [0100] the ablative compound comprises Al(OH).sub.3 (hydrargillite, ATH)

[0101] 5. Composite system according to one of the items 1 to 4, [0102] characterized in that [0103] the ablative compound comprises synthetic ettringite and Al(OH).sub.3 (hydrargillite, ATH).

[0104] 6. Composite system according to one of the items 1 to 5, [0105] characterized in that [0106] the fire protection layer comprises a glass fiber fleece or glass fiber fabric coated with a fire protection composition comprising the at least one ablative compound.

[0107] 7. A fire protection device comprising [0108] (a) a composite system comprising [0109] (a1) a carrier layer, [0110] (a2) an adhesive layer and [0111] (a3) a fire protection layer containing at least one ablative compound, and [0112] (b) a shell inside which the composite system is arranged.

[0113] 8. Fire protection device according to item 7, [0114] characterized in [0115] that the ablative compound is selected from the group consisting of LiNO.sub.3.3H.sub.2O, Na.sub.2CO.sub.3.H.sub.2O (Thermonatrite), Na.sub.2CO.sub.3.7H.sub.2O, Na.sub.2CO.sub.3.10H.sub.2O (Soda), Na.sub.2Ca(CO.sub.3).sub.2.2H.sub.2O (Pirssonite), Na.sub.2Ca(CO.sub.3).sub.2.5H.sub.2O (Gaylussite), Na(HCO.sub.3)Na.sub.2CO.sub.3.2H.sub.2O (Trona), Na.sub.2S.sub.2O.sub.3.5H.sub.2O, Na.sub.2O.sub.3Si.5H.sub.2O, KF.2H.sub.2O, CaBr.sub.2.2H.sub.2O, CaBr.sub.2.6H.sub.2O, CaSO.sub.4.2H.sub.2O (Gipsum), Ca(SO.sub.4).½H.sub.2O (Bassanite), Ba(OH).sub.2.8H.sub.2O, Ni(NO.sub.3).sub.2.6H.sub.2O, Ni(NO.sub.3).sub.2.4H.sub.2O, Ni(NO.sub.3).sub.2.2H.sub.2O, Zn(NO.sub.3).sub.2.4H.sub.2O, Zn(NO.sub.3).sub.2.6H.sub.2O, (ZnO).sub.2(B.sub.2O.sub.3).sub.2.3H.sub.2O, Mg(NO.sub.3).sub.2.6H.sub.2O, MgSO.sub.4.7H.sub.2O, Mg(OH).sub.2, Al(OH).sub.3, Al(OH).sub.3.3H.sub.2O, AlOOH (Boehmite), Al.sub.2[SO.sub.4].sub.3.nH.sub.2O with n=14-18, KAl(SO.sub.4).sub.2.12H.sub.2O, CaO.Al.sub.2O.sub.3.10H.sub.2O (Nesquehonite), MgCO.sub.3 3H.sub.2O (Wermlandite), Ca.sub.2Mg.sub.14(Al,Fe).sub.4CO.sub.3(OH).sub.42.29H.sub.2O (Thaumasite), Ca.sub.3Si(OH).sub.6(SO.sub.4)(CO.sub.3).12H.sub.2O (Artinite), Ca.sub.6Al.sub.2[(OH).sub.12|(SO.sub.4).sub.3].26H.sub.2O (Ettringite), 3CaO.Al.sub.2O.sub.3.3CaSO.sub.4.32H.sub.2O (Hydromagnesite), Mg.sub.5(OH).sub.2(CO.sub.3).sub.4.4H.sub.2O (Hydrocalumite), Ca.sub.4Al.sub.2(OH).sub.14.6H.sub.2O (Hydrotalcite), Mg.sub.6Al.sub.2(OH).sub.16CO.sub.3.4H.sub.2O Alumohydrocalcite, CaAl.sub.2(OH).sub.4(CO.sub.3).sub.2.3H.sub.2O (Scarbroite), Al.sub.14(CO.sub.3).sub.3(OH).sub.36 (Hydrogranate), 3CaO.Al.sub.2O.sub.3.6H.sub.2O (Dawsonite), NaAl(OH)CO.sub.3, Al(OH).sub.3 (Hydrargillite, ATH), hydrous zeolites, vermiculites, colemanites, perlites, mica, alkali silicates, borax, modified carbons, graphites, silicas and mixtures thereof.

[0116] 9. Fire protection device according to item 7 or 8, [0117] characterized in [0118] that the ablative compound comprises ettringite, preferably synthetic ettringite.

[0119] 10. Fire protection device according to one of the items 7 to 9, [0120] characterized in [0121] that the ablative compound comprises Al(OH).sub.3 (hydrargillite, ATH).

[0122] 11. Fire protection device according to one of the items 7 to 10, [0123] characterized in [0124] that the ablative compound comprises synthetic ettringite and Al(OH).sub.3 (hydrargillite, ATH).

[0125] 12. Fire protection device according to one of the items 7 to 11, [0126] characterized in [0127] that the fire protection layer comprises a glass fiber fleece or glass fiber fabric coated with a fire protection composition comprising the at least one ablative-acting compound.

[0128] 13. Fire protection device according to item 12, [0129] characterized in [0130] that the glass fiber fleece or the glass fiber fabric contains glass fibers of AES glass, E glass, ECR glass, S glass, R glass, M glass, C glass, D glass, AR glass, T glass and/or Q glass.1

[0131] 14. A battery pack comprising [0132] (i) a housing, [0133] (ii) at least one rechargeable lithium-ion battery, [0134] (iii) a fire protection device comprising [0135] (a) a composite system comprising [0136] (a1) a carrier layer, [0137] (a2) an adhesive layer, and [0138] (a3) a fire-protection layer containing at least one ablative-active compound, and [0139] (b) a shell inside which the composite system is arranged.

[0140] 15. Battery pack according to item 14, [0141] characterized in that [0142] the battery pack comprises a fire protection device according to one of items 6 to 12.

[0143] 16. Use of a fire protection device according to any of items 7 to 13 in a device comprising at least one rechargeable battery cell, in particular a rechargeable lithium ion battery.