Preassembled structural impact panel

Abstract

An impact resistant panel used to replace spandrel glass panels or aluminum panels in structures that uses an impact resistant interlayer to fuse two porcelain layers together. The panel of the present invention is a three-layered panel formed by fusing a first rolled porcelain layer, an impact resistant interlayer and a second rolled porcelain layer. The impact resistant interlayer is melted into the pores of the porcelain layers to create an integral porcelain panel that can be used as structural elements or small, medium, and large dimensions while having impact resistant qualities.

Claims

1. A preassembled structural panel, comprising: an impact resistant panel assembly including a first rolled porcelain layer, a second rolled porcelain layer, first and second rolled porcelain layers made using a roller press, an impact resistant interlayer fused between said first and second rolled porcelain layers, said first and second rolled porcelain layers having an inner surface including a plurality of pores therein, said impact resistant interlayer being melted to seep into said plurality of pores of said first and second rolled porcelain layers resulting in said first and second rolled porcelain layers being fused together by said impact resistant interlayer.

2. The panel of claim 1 wherein said impact resistant interlayer is polyvinyl butyral.

3. The panel of claim 1 wherein said impact resistant interlayer is ionomer.

4. The panel of claim 1 wherein said impact resistant interlayer is placed in solid form between said first and second rolled porcelain layers when said impact resistant interlayer is in an unmelted state and said impact resistant interlayer partially seeps into said pores in said melted state, thereby fusing said first and second rolled porcelain layers together.

5. The panel of claim 1 wherein said first rolled porcelain layer has a different design than said second rolled porcelain layer.

6. The panel of claim 1 wherein said first rolled porcelain layer has a different color than said second rolled porcelain layer.

7. The panel of claim 1 wherein said first rolled porcelain layer has an identical shape to said second rolled porcelain layer.

8. The panel of claim 1 wherein said first rolled porcelain layer and said second rolled porcelain layer are impervious.

9. The panel of claim 1 wherein said first and second rolled porcelain layers include a length and width, said impact resistant interlayer extends along entire said length and width in its premelted state.

10. The panel of claim 1, wherein said plurality of pores extend a predetermined depth into said first and second rolled porcelain layer.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) With the above and other related objects in view, the invention consists in the details of construction and combination of parts as will be more fully understood from the following description, when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:

(2) FIG. 1 represents a perspective view of the present invention in an operating environment showing an architectural structure having a portion of which is formed by the assembly of the panels which are formed by an impact resistant interlayer, in melted form, between two porcelain panels, tiles or layers;

(3) FIG. 2 demonstrates of perspective view of a typical panel showing an impact resistant interlayer fused therebetween two porcelains panels, tiles or layers;

(4) FIG. 3 shows an exploded view of a typical panel;

(5) FIG. 4 is a side view of a typical panel;

(6) FIG. 5 is a top plan view of the inner surface of a porcelain layer of the present invention showing a plurality of pores therein;

(7) FIG. 6 is a cross sectional view of a porcelain layer of the present invention showing the depth of the plurality of pores located therein; and

(8) FIG. 7 is a cross sectional view of a porcelain layer of the present invention having the plurality of pores being filled by polyvinyl butyral (PVB) or similar material such as Ionomer.

(9) FIG. 8 is a cross sectional view of a porcelain layer showing the plurality of pores in an alternate embodiment.

(10) FIG. 9 is a cross sectional view of a porcelain layer having the pores in an alternate embodiment being filled by polyvinyl butyral (PVB) or similar material such as Ionomer.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION

(11) Referring now to the drawings, FIGS. 1-9, where the present invention is generally referred to with numeral 10, it can be observed that a plurality of panels 10 are arranged to form an architectural structure or a portion of an architectural structure, in accordance with one embodiment. Each of panels 10 is formed through the assembly of a first rolled porcelain layer 20, an impact resistant interlayer 30 and a second rolled porcelain layer 40. The term rolled to describe first rolled and second rolled porcelain layers does not mean that those layers are in a rolled-up state. The term means that the porcelain panels have been manufactured using a roller mill.

(12) As illustrated in FIG. 1, a number of panels 10 can be integrated into any system for a storefront, curtain wall, operable window, door, or railing. The present invention being a preassembled structural panel having an impact resistant panel assembly including first rolled porcelain layer 20, impact resistant interlayer 30 and second rolled porcelain layer 40. Conventional spandrel panels limit architects to particular colors and arrangements that can be configured onto a structure. The present invention provides a solution to these limitations placed upon architects by replacing the spandrel glass panel with an impact resistant porcelain panel that can come in various patterns and colors and resembles other building materials such as stone, wood or marble. Each of panels 10 is formed by the assembly of first rolled porcelain layer 20, an impact resistant interlayer 30 and second rolled porcelain layer 40. first rolled porcelain layer 20 and second rolled porcelain layer 40 are essentially porcelain tiles or panels that can be produced in various shapes, sizes, colors, and/or patterns. Use of porcelain tiles, like first rolled porcelain layer 20 and second rolled porcelain layer 40, provides the advantage of durability, longevity and an enhanced aesthetic look compared to conventional spandrel glass tiles.

(13) The present invention is composed of porcelain panels which are much larger than conventional 2448 porcelain ties. Conventional porcelain tiles are currently made much smaller than the panels of the present invention because they warp or crack when fired in the oven to strengthen and/or crystallize the porcelain. The present invention is able to provide for porcelain layers or panels of a much larger size and thinner calibration because the porcelain layers of the present invention do not warp, crack, or break during baking. This is because the present invention uses a roller mill otherwise known as a roller press instead of a conventional hydraulic or pneumatic press that is used with conventional porcelain. In one embodiment, the roller mill/press that is used with the present invention can be between 40,000 and 50,000 pounds. The weight of the roller must be enough to roll out the air bubbles and water found in the porcelain but not enough weight to break or crack the material. This process is why the term rolled is used to describe the first and second rolled porcelain layers because they must be made using the process described herein.

(14) Porcelain tiles, more specifically first rolled porcelain layer 20 and second rolled porcelain layer 40, can be decorated with various designs, line patterns, pictures and the like which makes porcelain tile more attractive and versatile than conventional means. With first rolled porcelain layer 20 and second rolled porcelain layer 40 there is no need to sacrifice design for function, instead both are achieved. first rolled porcelain layer 20 and second rolled porcelain layer 40 can be produced in various shapes and sizes. Use of porcelain tile, such as first rolled porcelain layer 20 and second rolled porcelain layer 40, also provides the advantage of being more impervious even when compared to tiles made of ceramics. This advantage can be extortionary when seeking the best protection from environmental elements that are often unpredictable and harsh.

(15) Impact resistant interlayer 30 is an interlayer between first rolled porcelain layer 20 and second rolled porcelain layer 40. impact resistant interlayer 30 provides more overall strength and makes the present invention impact resistant. The strength of the present invention aids in reducing structural damage due to hazardous situations as a result of weather elements or other situations and circumstances beyond anyone's control. Impact resistant interlayer 30 is placed between first rolled porcelain layer 20 and second rolled porcelain layer 40 and fuses them together when melted. As impact resistant interlayer 30 is melted it seeps into the pores of each porcelain layer thereby creating a bond between all layers and creating one integral panel that can receive a blunt impact and not break off from a structure, thereby maintaining all the benefits of impact glass while providing the newly added benefits of giving an architect many more design options and design freedom. Impact resistant interlayer 30 can be polyvinyl butyral or ionomer each provide distinct characteristics and properties to the present invention.

(16) As depicted in FIGS. 1-9, polyvinyl butyral or PVB interlayer 30 is to first rolled porcelain layer 20 and second rolled porcelain layer 40. Each of first rolled porcelain layer 20 and second rolled porcelain layer 40 may have an inner surface 70. Inner surface 70 may include a plurality of pores 72 as best shown in FIG. 6. Pores 72 may extend a predetermined depth into each of first rolled porcelain layer 20 and second rolled porcelain layer 40. Pores 72 are adapted to receive impact resistant interlayer 30 once it is melted. Preferably, impact resistant interlayer 30 may be melted and seeped into pores 72. As the melted impact resistant interlayer 30 cools in-between pores 72 of first rolled porcelain layer 20 and second rolled porcelain layer 40, first rolled porcelain layer 20 and second rolled porcelain layer 40 are fused together. Thereby resulting in the strong and durable panels that are panels 10.

(17) In an alternate embodiment, there may be additional layers in-between first rolled porcelain layer 20 and second rolled porcelain layer 40. The use of the additional layers can be incorporated into the present invention. In an alternate embodiment, a bullet proof layer, having pores or cavities for impact resistant interlayer 30 to seep into when melted, can be used in panel 10 to achieve bulletproof properties for the present invention. Other additional layers may be suitable to similarly use as additional layers of the present invention.

(18) In more detail, the process by which panel 10 is fused is as follows. First rolled porcelain layer 20 and second rolled porcelain layer 40 are washed and dried to remove any loose particles. Impact resistant interlayer 30 is placed on inner surface 70 of first rolled porcelain layer 20 with proper edging. Inner surface 70 of second rolled porcelain layer 40 is place atop of impact resistant interlayer 30. Once impact resistant interlayer 30 therebetween first rolled porcelain layer 20 and second rolled porcelain layer 40, the edges of first rolled porcelain layer 20 and second rolled porcelain layer 40 are sealed with high temperature tape to avoid leakage. Thereafter, first rolled porcelain layer 20, impact resistant interlayer 30 and second rolled porcelain layer 40 are placed in a vacuum bag. Negative air tubes are then used to suction all air from the vacuum bag to create an airtight seal. Next, all components, first rolled porcelain layer 20, impact resistant interlayer 30 and second rolled porcelain layer 40 while still in the vacuum bag, are placed on an autoclave rack which is then placed in an autoclave. The autoclave is then powered to fire up the components at the preprogrammed cycle for several hours. Temperatures in the autoclave may exceed 275 degrees Fahrenheit during the cycle. Once the cycle of the autoclave is complete, all components are retrieved and removed from the vacuum bag. At this point first rolled porcelain layer 20 and second rolled porcelain layer 40 have been fused together within the vacuum bag. The end result is panel 10 that has high wind and impact resistance and other previously mentioned benefits or characteristics. Panels 10 can be used for various architectural structure purposes that complement window systems to cover elements that should be concealed for aesthetic purposes.

(19) In FIG. 8 and FIG. 9, pores 72 are shown in an alternate embodiment. Pores 72 instead do not extend as far into first rolled porcelain layer 20 or second rolled porcelain layer 40 in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 as in the aforementioned FIG. 6 and FIG. 7. Pores 72 extend less into first rolled porcelain layer 20 and second rolled porcelain layer 40. Impact resistant interlayer 30 seeps into pores 72 once heated through the autoclave. Pores 72 may be a plurality of openings that allow for impact resistant interlayer 30 to seep into to fuse first rolled porcelain layer 20 and second rolled porcelain layer 40 to result in panels 10. There may be a substantial number of pores 72 being adjacent to one another to cover the entire inner surface 70 of first rolled porcelain layer 20 and second rolled porcelain layer 40. In one embodiment, pores 72 may be Z shaped or squiggled. Pores 72 may extend a predetermined depth into first rolled porcelain layer 20 and second rolled porcelain layer 40. More specifically, at inner surface 70 thereof.

(20) The foregoing description conveys the best understanding of the objectives and advantages of the present invention. Different embodiments may be made of the inventive concept of this invention. It is to be understood that all matter disclosed herein is to be interpreted merely as illustrative, and not in a limiting sense.