Multilayered layered body comprising a thermal insulation body

Abstract

A multilayered layered body comprising an evacuated thermal insulation body (12) having a core material (13), which is enclosed by a gas-tight film (16), wherein the thermal insulation body (12) has a first flat side (14) and a second flat side (15), which is arranged opposite of the first side, wherein a lamination layer (17) is laminated onto at least one flat side (14, 15).

Claims

1. A multilayered layered body comprising an evacuated thermal insulation body having a core material, which is enclosed by a gas-tight film, wherein the thermal insulation body has a first flat side and a second flat side, which is arranged opposite of the first side, wherein a lamination layer is laminated onto at least one flat side, the laminated-on lamination layer is an external component of a jacketed plasterboard, so that the jacketed plasterboard is laminated onto the thermal insulation body and a layered body comprising the evacuated thermal insulation body and the jacketed plasterboard is provided, and a primer layer is applied between the thermal insulation body and the lamination layer, the primer layer being based on a dispersion comprising an acrylic copolymer and limestone.

2. The multilayered layered body according to claim 1, wherein the layered body is formed as a panel.

3. The multilayered layered body according to claim 1, wherein the primer layer comprises additives.

4. The multilayered layered body according to claim 1, wherein the lamination layer is permanently attached to the thermal insulation body by means of an adhesive layer.

5. The multilayered layered body according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the thermal insulation body is not less than 5 mm and not greater than 100 mm.

6. The multilayered layered body according to claim 1, wherein the jacketed plasterboard comprises two lamination layers arranged spaced apart from one another, namely the lamination layer facing toward the thermal insulation body and a lamination layer facing away from the thermal insulation body, and a plaster core arranged in between.

7. The multilayered layered body according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the laminated-on jacketed plasterboard is not less than 5 mm and not greater than 25 mm and the density of the plaster core is not less than 450 kg/m.sup.3 and not greater than 800 kg/m.sup.3, and the plaster core is formed as homogeneous or multilayered transversely to the planar extension of the jacketed plasterboard.

8. The multilayered layered body according to claim 1, wherein the jacketed plasterboard and/or the thermal insulation body have a wedge-shaped basic shape, so that a wedge-shaped layered body having a thickness continuously decreasing from a first end to a second end is provided.

9. The multilayered layered body according to claim 1, wherein the lamination layer is formed by a cardboard layer and has a grammage of not less than 80 g/m.sup.2 and not greater than 220 g/m.sup.2.

10. A method for producing a multilayered layered body, in particular the layered body according to claim 1, comprising the following steps: a) providing an evacuated thermal insulation body, comprising a first flat side and a second flat side, in which a core material is enclosed by a gas-tight film, and b) laminating on a lamination layer overlapping the thermal insulation body such that a solid bond is provided between thermal insulation body and lamination layer.

11. The method according to claim 10, wherein the lamination layer forming an external component of a jacketed plasterboard is laminated on as the lamination layer, so that a jacketed plasterboard is laminated onto the thermal insulation body and a layered body comprising the evacuated thermal insulation body and the jacketed plasterboard is provided.

12. The method according to claim 11, wherein before the lamination of the lamination layer onto the thermal insulation body, an adhesive is applied to the thermal insulation body and/or to the lamination layer.

13. The method according to claim 10, wherein the lamination layer is formed by a cardboard layer or nonwoven layer or gypsum fiber layer.

14. A method of using the multilayered body according to claim 1 comprising the steps of: applying the multilayered body to a window or door soffit; or applying the multilayered body to an exterior wall-interior wall attachment; or applying the multilayered body to a story-ceiling attachment, wherein the application of the multilayered body is configured to insulate the window, door soffit, exterior wall-interior wall attachment, or the story-ceiling attachment.

15. The multilayered body according to claim 1, wherein the primer layer comprises a vinyl acetate copolymer, cellulose ether, quartz sand, and iron oxide pigment.

16. The multilayered body according to claim 5, wherein the thickness of the thermal insulation body is not greater than 40 mm.

17. The multilayered body according to claim 16, wherein the thickness of the thermal insulation body is not greater than 10 mm.

18. The multilayered body according to claim 7, wherein the thickness of the laminated-on jacketed plasterboard is not less than 10 mm and not greater than 20 mm, and the density of the plaster core is not less than 550 kg/m.sup.3 and not greater than 700 kg/m.sup.3.

19. The multilayered body according to claim 9, wherein the lamination layer is formed by a cardboard layer and has a grammage of not less than 80 g/m.sub.2 and not greater than 120 g/m.sup.2.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) The invention will also be explained in greater detail hereafter with respect to further features and advantages on the basis of the description of exemplary embodiments and with reference to the appended drawings.

(2) In the figures:

(3) FIG. 1 shows an exemplary embodiment of a multilayered layered body in a sectional view;

(4) FIG. 2 shows an illustration of the buildup in the method of the multilayered layered body according to FIG. 1;

(5) FIG. 3 shows an embodiment, altered in relation to the embodiment according to FIG. 1, of a multilayered layered body in a sectional view;

(6) FIG. 4 shows an embodiment, altered in relation to the embodiment according to FIG. 1, in which the layered body is formed as a wedge-shaped layered body;

(7) FIG. 5 shows an illustration of a first exemplary application;

(8) FIG. 6A shows a comparison of the first exemplary application according to the prior art and associated isothermal curves;

(9) FIG. 6B shows a window soffit isolation with a laminated insulation body according to the invention;

(10) FIG. 7A shows an illustration of an insulation a second exemplary application for a multilayered layered body according to the state of the art;

(11) FIG. 7B shows an illustration of the same situation with a multilayered layered body according to the invention;

(12) FIG. 8 shows an illustration of isothermal curves associated with the exemplary application according to FIG. 7; and

(13) FIG. 9 shows an illustration of a third exemplary embodiment of a multilayered layered body according to the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

(14) A cardboard layer is described as a lamination layer in the following statements. This special selection of the lamination layer is not to be understood as restrictive for the invention, however.

(15) FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of a multilayered layered body 11 according to the present invention in a sectional view. The multilayered layered body, which is formed as a panel here, comprises an evacuated thermal insulation body 12 having a core material 13, which is enclosed by a gas-tight film 16. The thermal insulation body 12 forms a first flat side 14 and a second flat side 15, which is arranged opposite, in this case. A plasterboard slab 18 is laminated onto the first flat side 14 here, the specific structure of the production sequence will become apparent from FIG. 2.

(16) FIG. 2a firstly shows the thermal insulation body 12 with the core material 13, which is enclosed by a gas-tight film 16. The gas-tight film 16 is enclosed gas tight using a seal 25 such that a vacuum of less than 100 hPa, preferably less than 10 hPa, in particular less than 1 hPa may be introduced into the inner region filled with the core material 13 and may be essentially maintained and an insulating thermal insulation body is thus provided. In the present embodiment, in a first step (cf. FIG. 2b), a primer layer 19 is applied to the side opposite to the seal 25, which has the purpose, on the one hand, of compensating for the ripples arising due to the evacuation procedure of the gas-tight film 16 and, on the other hand, to cause a better adhesion supporting surface for the application of an adhesive layer 20.

(17) The application of the adhesive layer 20 is performed in a subsequent step (cf. FIG. 2c). In a following step (cf. FIG. 2d), a plasterboard slab 18 comprising a cardboard layer 17, which faces toward the thermal insulation body 12, is laminated onto the adhesive layer 20, i.e., fastened permanently on the thermal insulation body 12 by means of the adhesive layer 20. The plasterboard slab 18 has in this caseas is also recognizable in FIG. 1the above-mentioned cardboard layer 17 and a cardboard layer 21 facing away from the thermal insulation body 12.

(18) The plasterboard slab 18 additionally has a plaster core 22 between the cardboard layer 17 facing toward the thermal insulation body 12 and the cardboard layer 21 facing away from the thermal insulation body 12. The thermal insulation body 12 is better protected and further reinforced by the laminated-on plasterboard slab 18. In addition, the insulating effect of the thermal insulation body 12 is increased. Finally, further processing and handling possibilities result, as already noted.

(19) If the plasterboard slab 18 is formed with a predefined visible side and a rear side, fastening the thermal insulation body 12 on the rear side of the plasterboard slab 18 suggests itself.

(20) FIG. 3 illustrates an altered embodiment of a multilayered layered body. Instead of a plasterboard slab 18, a cardboard layer 17, preferably a cardboard layer 17 without further additional elements, is laminated onto the thermal insulation body 12 here. In the embodiment according to FIG. 3, the cardboard layer 17 thus forms a surface of the multilayered layered body, which is formed as a panel here. In the embodiment according to FIG. 1, in contrast, the cardboard layer 21 facing away from the thermal insulation body 12 can define a visible side of the multilayered layered body.

(21) FIG. 4 shows an embodiment altered in relation to the embodiment according to FIG. 1, in which the layered body 11 is formed as a wedge-shaped layered body. In the present embodiment, the thermal insulation body 12 is formed as essentially plane-parallel, i.e., having a first flat side 14 which extends in parallel to a second flat side 15, in this case. The plasterboard slab 18 itself, however, is formed as wedge-shaped and has a greater thickness of, for example, 12.5 mm on a first end 23 of the layered body and a lesser thickness of, for example, 5 mm on a second end 24 of the layered body 11. In this way, a layered body 11 which is wedge-shaped overall is formed, which can be suitable in particular for insulating corner regions.

(22) The flatter end of the layered body 11 represents the transition to the uninsulated wall and can be puttied/plastered over so it is practically invisible.

(23) FIG. 5 illustrates a first exemplary application of a multilayered layered body, which is formed as a panel here, according to the present invention. A window soffit is shown in horizontal section having a soffit insulation. A first multilayered layered body 11 according to the present invention is fastened to the masonry directly adjoining the window perpendicularly and covering the inner region of the window soffit. A second body 11 according to the present invention is attached adjoining thereon at a right angle thereto so it covers the masonry. In the multilayered layered bodies 11, 11, which are formed as panels, illustrated here, the evacuated thermal insulation body 12 is clad on the outside in each case with a laminated-on plasterboard slab 18. Toward the masonry, plasterboard strips 26 are fastened on the masonry, which enable a particularly simple attachment of the multilayered layered body, which is formed as a panel, according to the present invention. However, the second insulation body 11 can also be a conventional insulation.

(24) In this example the layered body 11 directly adjoining the window has a total thickness of 26.5 mm, wherein the thermal insulation body 12 has a thickness of 20 mm, and the external plasterboard slab 18 has a thickness of 6.5 mm.

(25) The layered body 11 adjoining the side opposite to the window perpendicularly has a total thickness of 92.5 mm with a thermal insulation body 12 of 80 mm thickness and a plasterboard slab 18 of 12.5 mm thickness. This thermal insulation body can be embodied in a conventional manner or according to the invention as described above. The dimensions can be very different and adapted to special circumstances. Thus, the above mentioned dimensions are examples, only.

(26) The use of VIPs is particularly advantageous where only a small amount of space is available. This is the case, for example, in window or door soffits of many existing buildings. A layered body according to the invention can be used particularly advantageously here, since these layered bodies are both comparatively insensitive to damage and also only require a small amount of space. If the thermal insulation body is laminated with cardboard, it can advantageously be folded, for example, in corner regions.

(27) FIG. 6 once again compares the above-described exemplary application to prior art, in which, with the same soffit construction, no insulation is provided. At the same time, the associated isothermal curves are indicated.

(28) The isothermal curves show in comparison that the temperature gradient in the insulated example is practically exclusively located in the region of the insulation, so that practically external temperatures prevail in the masonry. A significant thermal bridge, as is clearly apparent in the uninsulated example, is effectively reduced upon insulation of the window soffit. It is to be presumed that insulation of the window soffit with VIP (FIG. 6B) will result in an equivalent or better reduction of the thermal bridge effects while the thickness of the insulation is equal or less compared to conventional insulations, see second sketch of FIG. 6A.

(29) FIG. 7 shows a comparison of a state of the art embodiment to the second exemplary application for a multilayered layered body according to the invention, formed as a panel here, namely in an outer wall-inner wall connection. FIG. 7B thus shows a horizontal section having partial flank insulation.

(30) The present exemplary embodiment shows the typical situation of a thermal bridge, which can arise in regions in which interior partition walls adjoin exterior walls insulated on the interior. Since the outer wall insulation is interrupted where the partition wall adjoins the exterior wall, a thermal bridge arises in the region of the T-joint.

(31) One solution of this problem is conventionally the partial or full-area insulation of the interior wall from both sides. The full-area insulation is frequently necessary for design reasons, since conventional insulations are relatively thick and therefore visually disturbing edges would arise on the wall if the insulation were not applied over the entire area of the wall, see FIG. 7A.

(32) Using the multilayered layered bodies 11 proposed here, it is possible to produce a relatively flatly built insulation, see FIG. 7B. It is thus possible to let the insulation run out on the wall in the region in which it is no longer needed, in particular in a wedge shape. Because of the relatively low thickness of the insulation, this wedge-shaped runout is hardly visible to the observer.

(33) In a further embodiment of the invention, however, it is also possible to have the insulation end abruptly as shown in FIG. 7B. If a plaster is applied to this interior wall after fastening of the multilayered layered body 11, a uniform surface without visible edges can be produced by the integration of the multilayered layered body 11 in the plaster layer. This is possible because the laminated evacuated thermal insulation bodies 12 have such a low thickness. In addition to avoiding non-aesthetic edges, moreover, there is no space lost in this embodiment.

(34) FIG. 8 shows the isothermal curves according to the state of the art shown in FIG. 7A. An insulation of the adjoining wall with VIPs integrated into the plaster (FIG. 7B) will result in an equal reduction of the thermal bridge effect while having a clearly lower thickness.

(35) FIG. 9 illustrates a third exemplary application, namely the use in a story-ceiling insulation.

(36) The present exemplary embodiment of the invention shows a multilayered layered body according to the present invention in a schematic principle view, which is formed with a continuously decreasing thickness from a first end 23 to a second end 24, i.e., has a wedge-shaped profile overall. A wedge-shaped corner insulation at the attachment point ceiling/exterior wall is enabled in this regard. Due to the low thickness of the insulation, it is possible to embody a visually unobtrusive insulation only in the corner region, in which a thermal bridge is to be prevented, without an insulation wedge having to be attached. In these regions, thin multilayered thermal insulation bodies are integrated into the plaster layer of the ceiling. The advantage of this embodiment is, on the one hand, the improvement of the design quality of the corner embodiment in relation to the use of an insulation wedge. On the other hand, the ceiling height of the insulated room is essentially maintained.

(37) The production of a multilayered layered body according to the invention will be explained hereafter on the basis of a specific example. In this example, the evacuated thermal insulation body 12 is laminated on both sides with a cardboard layer 17. The thermal insulation body 12, which is enclosed by a gas-tight film 16, was pretreated on both sides using Knauf special adhesive base and, after drying of the primer, a cardboard layer 17, as is used in the production of plasterboard slabs, was glued on using Knauf white glue. The cardboard of the cardboard layer 17 had a weight per unit area before the processing, i.e., in the dry state, of approximately 180 g/m.sup.2. To make the cardboard of the cardboard layer 17 to be formed yielding and to avoid wrinkling, it was briefly softened immediately beforehand in the water bath (wallpaper effect). The production of the multilayered layered body (a cardboard-laminated VIP) is simple to manage. As a result, the evacuated thermal insulation body 12 is stiffer/more stable.

(38) A special advantage of the laminating of an evacuated thermal insulation body (VIP) with plasterboard cardboard can be seen in that the evacuated insulation bodies 12 having cardboard layer 17 applied on one or both sides can still be buckled. Due to the lamination with a cardboard layer 17 or a cardboard layer 17 applied on both sides, a reinforcement or strengthening of the evacuated thermal insulation body 12 is achieved, without having to entirely give up the flexibility of a non-laminated evacuated thermal insulation body 12. Depending on the intended use of the multilayered layered body according to the invention, of course, a one-sided lamination is also possible. However, the two-sided lamination has the advantage that dishing of the laminated evacuated thermal insulation body 12 after the drying can be effectively and simply avoided. Dishing is understood in this case as bending up on one side of the edge regions of the laminated evacuated thermal insulation body, which results in a dish shape. The effect of the dishing can also be avoided or limited, however, if instead of a two-sided lamination with a cardboard layer 17, in the case of only one-sided lamination with a cardboard layer 17, a balancing film is laminated onto the side of the thermal insulation body 12 opposite to the cardboard layer 17, which counteracts the effect of the dishing.

(39) Finally, reference is made to various tests for judging the adhesion properties of a plasterboard slab 18 applied to an evacuated thermal insulation body 12:

(40) The pull-off resistance of plasterboard slabs or plasterboard cardboards were tested, which were glued by means of various primers and various adhesion promoters directly onto the vacuum-tight film of the VIPs.

(41) The products va-Q-plus and va-Q-pro, which were used as the basis of this exemplary study, are both powder-based VIPs, the core of which consists of microporous silicic acid. The panels differ in that only va-Q-pro can be produced without additional treatment in various forms, for example, as a 3D panel or as a panel having a hole provided on the production side.

(42) TABLE-US-00001 Primer Adhesive VIPsVa-Q-pro and Va-Q-plus Knauf Knauf GK slab pieces glued directly onto primer. Fracture picture: Spezialgrund (special Fugenfller (joint smooth tear-off (by hand) from film with relatively high force base) filler) and Knauf (subjective) Perlfix Knauf Knauf GK slab pieces glued directly onto primer. Fracture picture: Betokontakt (concrete Fugenfller and smooth tear-off (by hand) from film with relatively low force contact) Knauf Perlfix (subjective) Knauf Knauf GK slab pieces glued directly onto primer. Fracture picture: Quarzgrund (quartz Fugenfller and smooth tear-off (by hand) from film with relatively low force base) Knauf Perlfix (subjective) Knauf Knauf white glue GK cardboard, glue in bead form, very good adhesion both of Spezialgrund the primer on the film and also bond primer/cardboard Knauf Knauf white glue GK cardboard, glue in bead form, only satisfactory adhesion of Betokontakt the primer on the film Knauf Knauf white glue GK cardboard, glue in bead form, only good adhesion of the Quarzgrund primer on the film Knauf Knauf Brio Joint GK cardboard, glue in bead form, very good adhesion of both Spezialgrund Adhesive the primer on the film and also bond primer/cardboard Knauf Knauf Brio Joint GK cardboard, glue in bead form, only satisfactory adhesion of Betokontakt Adhesive the primer on the film Knauf Knauf Brio Joint GK cardboard, glue in bead form, only good adhesion of the Quarzgrund Adhesive primer on the film GK = plasterboard Knauf Spezialgrund: aqueous dispersion made of acrylic copolymer, ground limestone, and additives Knauf Betokontakt: aqueous dispersion of a vinyl acetate copolymer with cellulose ether, quartz sand, ground limestone, and iron oxide pigment Knauf Quarzgrund: aqueous dispersion of copolymers of acrylic acid esters, mineral fillers, quartz sand, white pigments, water, and additives Knauf Perlfix: calcium sulfate hemihydrate with additives Knauf white glue: low-formaldehyde dispersion glue, based on polyvinyl acetate in water Knauf Brio Joint Adhesive: aqueous polymer dispersion

(43) It can be inferred from the table that the use of a corresponding primer has substantial influence on the adhesive strengths between plasterboard slab or plasterboard cardboard and the film of the VIPs. If plasterboard slabs are glued on, Knauf Spezialgrund, which is based on a dispersion of acrylic copolymers with ground limestone, has proven to be best suitable. With corresponding application of force, tearing off of the plate from the film by hand is also possible here; however, the required application of force is relatively high.

(44) If plasterboard cardboards are glued on, the primer also shows a clear influence on the adhesion here. Knauf Spezialgrund as a primer results, in combination with Knauf white glue and also with Knauf Brio Joint Adhesive, in the best results in each case. If other primers are used, the results are worse.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMERALS

(45) 11 layered body 12 thermal insulation body 13 core material (thermal insulation body) 14 first flat side (thermal insulation body) 15 second flat side (thermal insulation body) 16 gas-tight film 17 cardboard layer 18 plasterboard slab 19 primer layer 20 adhesive layer 21 cardboard layer (facing away from thermal insulation body) 22 plaster core 23 first end (layered body) 24 second end (layered body) 25 seal 26 plasterboard strip 27 window 28 masonry